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Invasive mechanism and management strategy of Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) biotype B:Progress report of 973 Program on invasive alien species in china

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 88-95页

作者： WAN FangHao1,ZHANG GuiFen1,LIU ShuSheng2,LUO Chen3,CHU Dong4,ZHANG YouJun4,ZANG LianSheng2,JIU Min2,Lü ZhiChuang1,CUI XuHong1,ZHANG LiPing4,ZHANG Fan3,ZHANG QingWen5,LIU WanXue1,LIANG Pei5,LEI ZhongRen1 & ZHANG YongJun1 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100094,china 2 institute of applied entomology,zhejiang university,hangzhou 310029,china 3 institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100089,china 4 institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Acadeny of Agricullare Sciences,Beijing 100081,china 5 Department of entomology,china Agriculture university,Beijing 100094,china State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences Beijing 100094 Chin

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) biotype B,called a "superbug",is one of the most harmful biotypes of this species complex *** this report,the invasive mechanism and management of *** biotype B,based on our 5-year studies,are *** *** biotypes,B,Q,ZHJ1,ZHJ2,ZHJ3 and FJ1,have been identified in *** B dominates the other biotypes in many regions of the *** diversity in biotype B might be induced by host plant,geographical conditions,and/or insecticidal *** activities of CarE(carboxylesterase) and GSTs(glutathione-S-transferase) in biotype B reared on cucumber and squash were greater than on other host plants,which might have increased its resistance to *** higher activities of detoxification enzymes in biotype B might be induced by the secondary metabolites in host *** adaptive ability of biotype B adults to adverse conditions might be linked to the expression of heat shock protein *** indigenous *** biotypes were displaced by the biotype B within 225 *** asymmetric mating interactions and mutualism between biotype B and begomoviruses via its host plants speed up widespread invasion and displacement of other *** biotype B displaced Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood) after 4-7 generations under glasshouse *** adaptive ability of the biotype B to adverse conditions and its rapid population increase might be the reasons of its successful displacement of *** ability of the biotype B to switch to different host plants may enrich its host plants,which might enable it to better compete with *** predatory natural enemies possess greater ability to suppress *** under field *** kairomones in the 3rd and 4th instars of biotype B may provide an important stimulus in host searching and location by its *** present results provide useful information in explaining the mechanisms of genetic diversity,e

关键词： National Basic Research and Development Program of china(973 Program) invasive alien species Bemisia tabaci biotype B ecological mechanisms genetic diversity sustainable management

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Biological aspects on the cultures of the entomophthoralean fungus Pandora delphacis grown on broomcorn millets

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Science Bulletin 2003年第17期48卷 1816-1821页

作者： FENG Mingguang1,2 & LIANG Yong1 1. institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, zhejiang Univer-sity, hangzhou 310029, china 2. institute of applied entomology, College of Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310029, china institute of Microbiology College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

A novel method was developed to use glutinous broomcorn millets (Panicum miliaceum L.) as solid substrate to make cultures of the entomophthoralean fungus Pandora delphacis specifically pathogenic to planthoppers, leafhop-pers and aphids. Steamed millets with water content of 45% were inoculated with a liquid culture of P. delphacis at a ratio of 20% (v/w) and then incubated at 25℃ and L:D 12:12. The millets cultured for 3—17 d exhibited high potential for co-nidial production. The 5-d-old millet culture sporulated most abundantly, discharging up to 17.12 (1.31) 104 conidia/ millet. The cultures incubated for 7—11 d also had a satis-factory sporulation capability, yielding 13.00—13.90 104 conidia/millet. Compared to 2.32 (0.34) 104 conidia dis-charged from each of Myzus persicae adults killed by P. del-phacis and a ≤60-h duration of sporulation, each of the millets cultured for 5—11 d produced 5.6—7.4 times more conidia with an over doubled duration for conidial discharge (144 h). Among 106 M. persicae adults exposed to the shower of conidia discharged from the cultured millets, a total mor-tality of 69.8% caused by P. delphacis infection was observed within 7 d after exposure, but no death was attributed to the fungal infection in the aphids unexposed. The results indi-cate that the millet cultures of P. delphacis are biologically similar to aphid cadavers killed by the same fungus. Due to the superiority of the cultured millets to the cadavers in sporulation potential and duration, the method for making cultures of P. delphacis on the broomcorn millets is highly recommended for use in study of entomophthoralean fungi for microbial control. This is the first report on the success of the solid culture of Pandora species on cereals.

关键词： entomophthorales Pandora delphacis broomcorn millets solid culture sporulation capability aphid infectivity.

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Influences of Quinclorac on Culturable Microorganisms and Soil Respiration in Flooded Paddy Soil

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2003年第4期16卷 314-322页

作者： ZHEN-MEI LU, HANG MIN , AND YANG-FANG YE institute of Microbiology, College of Life Science, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310029, zhejiang, china institute of Microbiology College of Life Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 Zhejiang China

Objective To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were counted by a 10-fold serial dilution plate technique. Numbers of anaerobic fermentative bacteria (AFB), denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria (HPAB) were numerated by three-tube anaerobic most-probable-number (MPN) methods with anaerobic liquid enrichment media. The number of methanogenic bacteria (MB) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) was determined by the rolling tube method in triplicate. Soil respiration was monitored by a 102G-type gas chromatography with a stainless steel column filled with GDX-104 and a thermal conductivity detector. Results Quinclorac concentration was an important factor affecting the populations of various culturable microorganisms. There were some significant differences in the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. AFB and DNB between soils were supplemented with quinclorac and non-quinclorac at the early stage of incubation, but none of them was persistent. The number of fungi and DNB was increased in soil samples treated by lower than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil, while the CFU of fungi and HPAB was inhibited in soil samples treated by higher than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil. The population of actinomycete declined in negative proportion to the concentrations of quinclorac applied after 4 days. However, application of quinclorac greatly stimulated the growth of AFB and NFB. MB was more sensitive to quinclorac than the others, and the three soil samples with concentrations higher than 1 μg·g-1 dried soil declined significantly to less than 40% of that in the control, but the number of samples with lower concentrations of quinclorac was nearly equal to that in the control at the end of experiments. Conclusion Quinclorac is safe to the soil microorganisms when applied at normal concentrations (0.67

关键词： Quinclorac Soil culturable microorganisms Soil respiration Flooded paddy soil

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Synthesis and crystal structure of complex of Ce(NO_3)_3 with N-(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-formimidoyl-(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl) hydrazone

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Science china Chemistry 2004年第3期47卷 251-256页

作者： JIANG Yinzhi1,2 & HU Weixiao1 1. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, zhejiang university of Technology, hangzhou 310032, china 2. Department of applied Chemistry, zhejiang institute of Science and Technology, hangzhou 310033, china Department of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China Department of applied Chemistry Zhejiang Institute of Science and Technology Hangzhou China

The reaction of 3,6-di-(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yI)-s-tetrazine (DMPTZ, II) with CeIII salt [Ce(NO3)3 · 6H2O] generates a new ligand, N-(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-formimidoyl-(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl) hydrazone (L), and forms a new complex: a mononuclear complex [Ce(L)(NO3)2 (H2O)3] · NO3 (III). Crystal data for III: space group P-1, with a = 0.7133(4) nm, b = 1.1139(2) nm, c = 1.4572(3) nm, α= 102.13(2)°, β= 99.81(3)°, γ= 91.10(3)°, Z = 2, V = 1113.6(7) nm3, μ = 2.123 mm?1 and F(000) = 630. L acts as a tri-dentate chelating ligand in III. There are 10 coordination sites around Ce3+ of III, which are respectively occupied by seven oxygen atoms (four from two nitrate anions and three from three H2O molecules) and three nitrogen atoms (all from L). The cerium atom and three chelating nitrogen atoms are coplanar. The mechanism of the metal assisted decomposition is discussed briefly.

关键词： rare earth, complex, crystal structure, synthesize, 3,6-bis (3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-s-tetrazine, N-(3-methyl-pyridin- 2-yl)-formimidoyl-(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl) hydrazone.

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Interpolating triangular meshes by Loop subdivision scheme

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 1765-1773页

作者： DENG ChongYang1* & WANG GuoZhao2 1institute of applied Mathematics and Engineering Computations,hangzhou Dianzi university,hangzhou 310018,china 2Department of Mathematics,zhejiang university,hangzhou 310027,china institute of applied Mathematics and Engineering Computations Hangzhou Dianzi University Department of Mathematics Zhejiang University

Using the limit point formula of the Loop subdivision scheme,we propose a very simple and efficient method for constructing interpolation surface of triangular meshes by Loop subdivision *** excellent properties of the method are:(1) Locality:the perturbation of a given vertex only influences the surface shape near this vertex.(2) Efficiency:the locations of new points can be computed with explicit formulae.(3) Easiness in implementation:only the geometric rule of the first step should be modified.(4) Freedom:for each edge,there is one degree of freedom to adjust the shape of the interpolation surface.(5) Easiness in generalization:it is easy to generalize our method to other approximation subdivision schemes with explicit formulae to compute limit point.

关键词： computer aided geometric design subdivision surface approximating subdivision scheme Loop surface surface interpolating

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Multiple products of B-splines used in CAD system

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第4期16卷 425-430页

作者： XU Huixia and WANG Guojin institute of Images and Graphics, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310027, china State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310027, china institute of Images and Graphics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

The function upgrade of computer aided design (CAD) system requested that the multiple product of B-spline functions should be represented as a linear combination of some suitable (usually higher-degree) B-splines. In this paper, we apply the theory of spline space and discrete B-splines to deduce the representation of the coefficients of all terms of the linear combination, which can be directly applied to software coding in system development.

关键词： computer aided design (CAD) NURBS Marsden’s identity.

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Dynamic behavior of polymer surface and the time dependence of contact angle

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Science china Chemistry 2005年第6期48卷 553-559页

作者： WANG Xinping1, CHEN Zhifang1 & SHEN Zhiquan2 1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Education Ministry, Department of applied Chemistry, zhejiang institute of Science and Technology, hangzhou 310033, china 2. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310027, china Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Education Ministry Department of Applied Chemistry Zhejiang Institute of Science and Technology Hangzhou 310033 China

Time-dependent contact angles were measured by depositing sessile drops of wa-ter on the polymer surfaces and monitoring the drop shape as a function of time. It was found that contact angles decreased sharply with contact time and the equilibrium contact angle was finally attained after a certain time. Values of starting (θ s) and equilibrium contact angles (θ e) obtained by the sessile drop method depend on polymer properties. The Wilhelmy plate technique was used to measure advancing and receding contact angles. The variations of starting (θ s) and equilibrium contact angles (θ e), advancing (θ a) and receding contact angles (θ r) have been studied on the oxidized surface of polymers containing polybutadiene block to explore the cause of time-dependence in contact angle measurement and the meaning of θ s and θ e. The results showed the linear relationships between starting (θ s) and advancing contact angles (θ a), the equilibrium (θ e) and receding contact angles (θ r). The similar relationship was also established between the contact angle hysteresis (θ a?θ r) and differences (θ s ?θ e) in starting contact angles and equilibrium contact angles. Therefore, time-dependence in contact angle measurement was mainly attributed to the surface reconstruction when water drops were deposited on polymer surfaces. The starting contact angle was contributed by the hydrophobic component on polymer surface and the equilibrium contact angle mainly by the hydrophilic component of polymer. These results not only demonstrated the interdependency between two contact angle measurements, the sessile drop method and the Wilhelmy plate technique, but also provided the experimental evidence to explain the cause of time-dependent contact angle. This may also provide a new method to study dynamic behavior of polymer surface.

关键词： contact angle, surface dynamic behavior, polymer surface, dynamic contact angle, time-dependence.

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Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis of proteomics based on image feature and mathematical morphology

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Science china Chemistry 2005年第4期48卷 361-367页

作者： SHEN Peng1,FAN Xiaohui2,ZENG Zhen2 & CHENG Yiyu2 1.The First Affiliated Hospital,College of Medicine,zhejiang university,hangzhou 310003,china 2.Pharmaceutical Informatics institute,zhejiang university,hangzhou 310027,china The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China

In this paper,a novel method to automatically detect protein spots on a two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis gel image is proposed to implement proteomics analysis of complex *** the basis of the identifying spots results based on color variation and spot size features,morphological feature is introduced as a new criterion to distinguish protein spots from non-protein ***-sharpening,edge-detecting and morphological feature extraction methods were consequently combined to detect protein spots on a 2-D electrophoresis gel image subject to strong *** proposed method was applied to detect the protein spots of proteomic gel images from *** cell,human kidney tissue and human *** results demonstrated that this method is more accurate and reliable than previous methods such as PDQuest 7.2 and ImageMaster 5.0 software for detecting protein spots on gel images with strong interferences.

关键词： proteomics, 2-dimensional electrophoresis, protein spot recognition, analytical chemistry for life, morphological feature, image recognition.

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Observation on the initial inoculum source and dissemination of Entomophthorales-caused epizootics in populations of cereal aphids

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2004年第1期47卷 38-43页

作者： CHEN Chun & FENG Mingguanginstitute of Microbiology, College of Life Science, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310029, china institute of applied entomology, College of Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310029, china institute of Microbiology College of Life Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China institute of Microbiology College of Life Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China institute of applied entomology College of Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

A total number of 1092 migratory alates were trapped from air in wheat grown area of Yuanyang County, Henan Province from early April through May 2002 in order to confirm the source and dissemination of entomophthoralean inocula to cause epizootics of cereal aphids. Those included 415 Sitobion avenae, 642 Rhopalosiphum padi, 22 Metopolophium dirhodum, and 13 Schizaphis graminum. The trapped alates were daily collected and individually reared for 7 days on wheat plants in laboratory. Of those 341 alates died of fungal infection, taking 31.2% in the trapped alates. These included 224 S. avenae, 106 R. padi, 8 M. dirhodum, and 3 S. graminum. Deaths of all infected alates occurred during the first 5 days and 78.9% of the deaths occurred within the first 3 days. Individual examination under microscope proved that all deaths were attributed to entomophthoralean fungi. Of those Pandora neoaphidis accounted for 84.6%, Conidiobolus obscurus for 9.9%, and Entomophthora planchoniana for 5.5%. Four alate deaths died of cross infection of P. neoaphidis and C. conidiobolus. Based on the high infection rate of the migratory alates trapped from air and the field occurrence of epizootics in populations of cereal aphids during the trapping period, Entomophthorales-caused epizootics were likely disseminated by infected alates through their flight and colonization. This makes it reasonable to interpret worldwide distribution of aphid epizootics, particularly caused by P. neoaphidis that has no resting spores discovered.

关键词： Entomophthorales, cereal aphids, infected alates, initial inoculum, fungal dissemination.

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Experimental adsorption equilibrium study and comparison of zeolite with water and ethanol for cooling systems

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Journal of zhejiang university-Science A(applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第2期8卷 216-220页

作者： MAIGA Abdoulaye Siddeye, CHEN Guang-ming, WANG Qin (institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, zhejiang university, hangzhou 310027, china) institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics zhejiang university hangzhou 310027 china Ph.D student at Zhejing university from Mali

Two adsorption refrigeration working pairs of zeolite with water and ethanol were studied and the parameters of Dubinin-Astakhov model were regressed using the experimental data of equilibrium. The coefficient of heterogeneity varied from 1.305 to 1.52 for the zeolite-water pair and from 1.73 to 2.128 for zeolite-ethanol pair. The maximum adsorption capacity varied from 0.315 to 0.34 for zeolite-water and 0.23 to 0.28 for zeolite-ethanol, respectively. The results showed that the zeolite-water pair is suitable for solar energy cooling not only because of the high latent heat of vaporization of water but also because of the better equilibrium performance. On the other hand, zeolite-ethanol gives a high adsorption capacity at high regeneration tem-perature, which means it can be used in heat engine systems like buses and cars.

关键词： Adsorption refrigeration Zeolite Ethanol Water Equilibrium

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