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Anthropogenic Threats to Degraded Forest Land in the Savannahs’ Region of Togo from 1984 to 2020, West Africa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 164-179页

作者： Kossi Senyo Ehlui Wouyo Atakpama Henrik von Wehrden Alagie Bah Edinam Kola christian anthony-Krueger Hodabalo Egbelou Kokouvi Bruno Kokou Tchaa Boukpessi West Africa Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) University of the Gambia Banjul Gambia Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Dynamique des Milieux et des Sociétés Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Botanique et écologie Végétale Département Botanique Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo West Africa Plant Red List Authority (WAPRLA) IUCN Species Survival Commission Gland Switzerland Faculty of Sustainability Center of Methods Leuphana University of Lüneburg Lüneburg Germany Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Dynamique des Milieux et des Sociétés (LARDYMES) Department of Geography FSHS University of Lomé Lome Togo Department of Science Education University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Institut Togolais de Recherches Agronomiques (ITRA) Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Recherches Biogéographiques et d’Etudes Environnementales Department of Geography University of Lome Lome Togo

This study focuses on the landscape dynamics of the savannahs’ region in the far north of Togo. Based on a literature review and satellite images analysis using GIS and remote sensing, the study aims to ascertain the effects of anthropogenic threats on the forest coverage of the Savannahs’ Region between 1984 to 2020. The objective is to clarify the dynamics of land use in the region from 1984 to 2000 and from 2000 to 2020. The findings indicate a significant decline in forest coverage within the region from 1984 to 2020, a trend attributed to land use patterns. Dry forests in the Savannah region are largely converted to farmlands, housing, dry savannahs or agroforestry parks, leading to a steady reduction in forest areas.

关键词： Forest Degradation Land Use Land Cover Savannahs Region Togo

Risk predictors of post-hepatectomy liver failure: unraveling complexities and navigating challenges in clinical application

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 500-504页

作者： Marc-anthony Chouillard christian Hobeika Département de Chirurgie Hépato-Bilio-Pancréatique et de Transplantation Hépatique Hôpital BeaujonAP-HPUniversitéParis-CitéClichyFrance UMR Inserm 1275 CAP Paris-Tech Hôpital LariboisièreUniversitéParis-CitéParisFrance

Studies related to the prediction of post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)have seen a surge in recent literature.A PubMed search using the terms((“pred*”OR“nomogra*”OR“model*”)AND(“mortality”OR“liver failure”OR“PHLF”)AND(“hepatect*”OR“liver resect*”))revealed 29 relevant studies on PHLF prediction between January 2020 and November 2023,with 20 adhering to grade B/C International Study Group of Liver Surgery(ISGLS)definitions(Table 1).These studies are primarily enrolling patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This underscores the growing interest in applying such predictive scores in routine clinical ***,the extent to which these predictive models can be effectively implemented in clinical settings remains unclear(21,22).Indeed,all studies are retrospective,and only a limited number underwent external *** is crucial to recognize that these scores predominantly emerge within surgical cohorts,where patients underwent prior meticulous selection,leading to tailored surgical strategies and the exclusion of specific candidates(21).

关键词： Liver failure modeling prediction hepatectomy

Water limitation and rootstock genotype interact to alter grape berry metabolism through transcriptome reprogramming

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 242-254页

作者： Mariam Berdeja Philippe Nicolas christian Kappel Zhan Wu Dai Ghislaine Hilbert anthony Peccoux Magali Lafontaine Nathalie Ollat Eric Gomès Serge Delrot Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne University BordeauxISVVUMR 1287Villenave d′Ornon F-33140France Department of General and Organic Viticulture Hochschule Geisenheim UniversityGeisenheimGermany Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research IthacaNY 14850USA Institut für Biochemie und Biologie Universität PotsdamKarl-Liebknecht-Str.24–25Potsdam 14476Germany

Grapevine is a perennial crop often cultivated by grafting a scion cultivar on a suitable *** influence scions,particularly with regard to water uptake and ***,one of the possibilities to adapt viticulture to the extended drought stress periods is to select rootstocks conferring increased tolerance to ***,the molecular mechanisms associated with the ability of rootstock/scion combination to influence grape berry metabolism under drought stress are still poorly *** transcriptomic changes induced by drought stress in grape berries(*** noir)from vines grafted on either 110R(drought-tolerant)or 125AA(drought-sensitive)rootstock were *** experiments were conducted in the vineyard for two years and two grape berry developmental stages(50%and 100%veraison).The genome-wide microarray approach showed that water stress strongly impacts gene expression in the berries,through ontology categories that cover cell wall metabolism,primary and secondary metabolism,signaling,stress,and hormones,and that some of these effects strongly depend on the rootstock ***,under drought stress,berries from vines grafted on 110R displayed a different transcriptional response compared to 125AA-concerning genes related to jasmonate(JA),phenylpropanoid metabolism,and pathogenesis-related *** data also suggest a link between JA and secondary metabolism in water-stressed ***,genes related to secondary metabolism and JA are more induced and/or less repressed by drought stress in the berries grafted on the drought-sensitive rootstock *** rootstock-dependent gene expression changes are relevant for berry composition and sensory properties.

关键词： metabolism drought programming

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Serological Patterns in Benue State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 1-10页

作者： Emmanuel Msugh Mbaawuaga christian Ukuoma Iroegbu anthony Chibuogwu Ike Cross River University of Technology Calabar Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Benue State University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

A total of 1535 randomly collected blood specimens from different groups of consenting subjects in Benue State, were screened by ELISA for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb), hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb), hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) and Hepatitis B core IgM antibodies (HBcIgM). The pattern of occurrence of these HBV markers in each blood sample was used to determine individuals with current, acute or chronic infection histories. Of the 1535 sampled individuals, 1319 (85.9%) showed a serological evidence of exposure to HBV infection, some through natural infection (22.7%) and others (13.0%) through vaccination;12% of the exposed were inferred to be currently infected and 91.2% chronically infected. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) antigen was also detected in 2.7% of the HBsAg positive individuals;and was encountered more (6.7%) in those with acute hepatitis than those with chronic disease. Thus, there are apparently healthy persons with acute and chronic HBV and HDV infection who may serve as source of infection to others. This calls for a government organized Hepatitis Programme to treat cases of acute and chronic hepatitis and roll out strategy for preventing the spread of HBV infections.

关键词： HBV Markers Acute HBV Chronic HBV HDV Benue State

Occurrence of False-Positive Tests and Cross-reactions Between COVID-19 and Dengue With Implications During Diagnosis:A Mixed Evidence Synthesis

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2023年第2期5卷 64-75页

作者： Daniel C.Digwo Chidinma P.Elebe Vincent N.Chigor Stella N.Madueke christian K.Ezeh anthony C.Ike Department of Microbiology University of NigeriaNsukkaEnugu StateNigeria.

This review aimed to assess the occurrence of false-positive serological reaction between dengue and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and its implications for *** syntheses were conducted by systematically reviewing available literature using multiple databases,including Web of Science,PubMed,Google Scholar and *** a total of 16 presented cases from clinical settings,cross-reaction to COVID-19 serological tests was observed in two(12.5%)dengue-positive patients,while 14 patients(87.5%)confirmed positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)showed a cross-reaction with dengue serological tests,leading to misdiagnosis and mismanagement by attending *** 1789 SARS-CoV-2-positive sera,cross-reaction to dengue serological tests was observed in 180 sera(10%),which is higher than the cross-reaction observed for SARS-CoV-2 in archived pre-COVID-19 sera positive for a dengue infection(75 of 811,9.2%,P=0.674).Clinicians in tropical regions are therefore advised to interpret serological tests with caution and use a more pragmatic approach to triage these infections.

关键词： COVID-19 cross-reaction dengue SARS-CoV-2

Hepatitis B Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections among Health Care Workers in Some Health Care Centers in Benue State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2019年第2期9卷 48-62页

作者： Emmanuel Msugh Mbaawuaga Samuel Kuma Hembah-Hilekaan christian Ukuoma Iroegbu anthony Chibuogwu Ike Department of Biological Sciences Benue State University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi Nigeria Cross River University of Technology Calabar Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

Introduction: Benue State of Nigeria has a high morbidity and mortality among individuals from HIV/AIDS. HBV is common among people who are at risk of/or living with HIV since both are transmitted in the same ways and in the presence of co-infection, there is increased risk for serious life threatening liver and other health complications. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of HBV and HIV infections among Health Care Workers (HCWs) in some health care centers in the state. Materials and Methods: A total of 255 randomly collected blood specimen of consenting HCWs from some health care centers located in Benue State were screened by ELISA for Hepatitis B virus markers. Antibodies to HIV 1and 2 were detected in sera using Determine (Alero, Japan) and Stat Pak (USA) test strips. Other information was obtained through administration of structured questionnaire and data generated were analyzed using Chi square (χ2) test. Results: Of the 255 sampled individuals, 221 (86.7%) showed serological evidence of exposure to HBV markers, some through natural infection (21.6%) and others (23.9%) through vaccination;10.6% of the exposed were currently infected, while 30.6% were indeterminate. HIV antibodies were in 43 (16.9%) while 6 (2.4%) had both HBV and HIV infections. HIV significantly (P = 0.027) increased with increasing years of professional service in the health sector, similar to needle stick injury (P = 0.000) in this study. Both HBV and HIV were significantly higher (P = 0.025, P = 0.000 respectively) in individuals with history of previous surgery. Conclusion: Therefore, HBV and HIV infections are common among HCWs in Benue State. Hence, there is need to scale up vaccination coverage for HBV and upgrade the medical facilities especially in rural health care centers as well as intensification of programmes targeting safety and prevention for precautions.

关键词： HBV HIV Health Care Workers Benue State Nigeria

A Comparative Study of Transesterification of Hydnocapus weightiana Seed Oil Using Calcined and Acid Activated Natural Heterogeneous Catalyst and Its Kinetic Study

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2023年第4期14卷 202-227页

作者： Aguoma Chinedu Chris Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Okoye Patrice-anthony Chudi Ike Ozoemena christian Alaekwe Ikenna Obiora Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Industrial Chemistry Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria Department of Chemistry Federal University Gusau Gusau Nigeria

The world’s total fossil fuel consumption has been significantly increasing with consequential increased environmental catastrophes. A hunt for an alternate energy source was stimulated. Biofuel is a plausible option in this pursuit due to its ideal qualities which included but are not limited to renewability and environmental friendliness. However, the pump price of biodiesel is still very high due mainly to the high cost of the production of the commodity which is influenced by the feedstock and the homogeneous nature of catalyst used. Heterogeneous catalyst was prepared by using Pila globosa sea snail shells prepared by calcination (CP8) and by acid activation (PTW1M). Hydnocapus weightiana seed oil (Non-edible feedstock) was extracted using the soxhlet extraction method and was used for biofuel production with a methanol oil ratio of 3:1. Agitation speed 800, 600 rmp, reaction temperatures of 70°C, 60°C, catalyst concentration (3.00, 2.00 wt%) and reaction time (70 and 60 min) was maintained for CP8 and PTW1M respectively. The rate of the reaction followed a reversible second-order reaction rate. Re-usability accessed. From TGA analysis, the best calcination temperature was 800°C. SEM results showed improved surface morphology after calcination, especially for CP8. FTIR analysis showed the elimination of volatiles and formation of CaO and CaO4Te after calcination. The reaction rate constant at different temperatures was 0.0287 at 30°C, 0.1200 at 50°C and 0.1142 at 70°C and activation energy of the ethyl ester was 49.49 KJ/mol. Using CP8. Most of the fuel properties met with ASTM 6751 standard. The result of the re-usability showed that the biodiesel yield declined as follows: 92, 86, 80, 73 and 69 % for CP8 and 85, 84, 81, 76, 65. For PTW1M. After the fifth regeneration cycle, both CP8 and PTW1M samples of Pila globosa sea snail shell catalyst proved effective in transesterification reaction of Hydnocapus weightiana seed oil using ethanol. It was obse

关键词： Bio-Fuel Hydnocapus weightiana Calcined/Acid-Activated Pila globosa Seed-Oil

Mitigating the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in the United States: Utilization of the Chronic Care Model as a Public Health Framework

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 103-116页

作者： anthony Obiyom Kamalu Austin Ebhodaghe Ekeoba Emeka Canice Uzor christian Chukwuka Duru Obinna Princewill Anyatonwu Ogemdi Emmanuel Adiele Chibuike Reginald Amuzie Chima Lawrence Odoemenam Public Health Department Louisiana State University Shreveport Shreveport USA College of Optometry State University of New York New York USA Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Optometry Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Epidemiology and Global Health Unit Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Umea University Umea Sweden College of Medicine Georgetown University Washington DC USA Public Health Department School of Allied Health Professionals Louisiana State University Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

As the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy continues to be on the rise, the Chronic Care Model (CCM) offers a transformative, patient-focused approach for efficient diabetic retinopathy care, emphasizing the need for urgent and innovative strategies in the United States. The model integrates community resources, healthcare organizations, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support, and clinical information systems. Addressing challenges and solutions, the model emphasizes proactive and preventive measures, collaborative multidisciplinary care, technological integration, and overcoming resistance to change. This paper proposes the utilization of the Chronic Care Model (CCM) as a possible public health framework for comprehensive management of diabetic retinopathy in the United States. Implementing the CCM offers a comprehensive approach to diabetic retinopathy care, addressing both individual and systemic factors, essential for improving public health outcomes.

关键词： Chronic Care Model Diabetes Diabetic Retinopathy Model Implementation Vision Care