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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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Maximum depositional age estimation revisited

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 843-850页

作者： pieter Vermeesch Department of Earth Sciences University College LondonGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

In a recent review published in this journal,Coutts et al.(2019)compared nine different ways to estimate the maximum depositional age(MDA)of siliclastic rocks by means of detrital *** results show that among these methods three are positively and six negatively *** paper investigates the cause of these biases and proposes a solution to it.A simple toy example shows that it is theoretically impossible for the reviewed methods to find the correct depositional age in even a best case scenario:the MDA estimates drift to ever smaller values with increasing sample *** issue can be solved using a maximum likelihood model that was originally developed for fission track thermochronology by Galbraith and Laslett(1993).This approach parameterises the MDA estimation problem with a binary mixture of discrete and continuous ***‘Maximum Likelihood Age’(MLA)algorithm converges to a unique MDA value,unlike the ad hoc methods reviewed by Coutts et al.(2019).It successfully recovers the depositional age for the toy example,and produces sensible results for realistic *** is illustrated with an application to a published dataset of 13 sandstone samples that were analysed by both LA-ICPMS and CA-TIMS U–Pb *** ad hoc algorithms produce unrealistic MDA estimates that are systematically younger for the LA-ICPMS data than for the CA-TIMS *** MLA algorithm does not suffer from this negative *** MLA method is a purely statistical approach to MDA *** the ad hoc methods,it does not readily accommodate geological complications such as post-depositional Pb-loss,or analytical issues causing erroneously young *** best approach in such complex cases is to re-analyse the youngest grains using more accurate dating *** results of the MLA method are best visualised on radial *** the model and the plots have applications outside detrital geochronology,for example to determine volcanic e

关键词： Zircon U-Pb Geochronology Statistics Maximum depositional age

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Isoplot R: A free and open toolbox for geochronology

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1479-1493页

作者： pieter Vermeesch Department of Earth Sciences University College London

This paper reviews the basic principles of radiometric geochronology as implemented in a new software package called Isoplot R, which was designed to be free, flexible and future-proof. Isoplot R is free because it is written in non-proprietary languages(R, Javascript and HTML) and is released under the GPL license. The program is flexible because its graphical user interface(GUI) is separated from the command line functionality, and because its code is completely open for inspection and modification. To increase future-proofness, the software is built on free and platform-independent foundations that adhere to international standards, have existed for several decades, and continue to grow in *** R currently includes functions for U-Pb, Pb-Pb,40 Ar/39 Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Lu-Hf, Re-Os, U-Th-He,fission track and U-series disequilibrium dating. It implements isochron regression in two and three dimensions, visualises multi-aliquot datasets as cumulative age distributions, kernel density estimates and radial plots, and calculates weighted mean ages using a modified Chauvenet outlier detection criterion that accounts for the analytical uncertainties in heteroscedastic datasets. Overdispersion of geochronological data with respect to these analytical uncertainties can be attributed to either a proportional underestimation of the analytical uncertainties, or to an additive geological scatter *** R keeps track of error correlations of the isotopic ratio measurements within aliquots of the same samples. It uses a statistical framework that will allow it to handle error correlations between aliquots in the future. Other ongoing developments include the implementation of alternative user interfaces and the integration of Isoplot R with other data reduction software.

关键词： Geochronology Software Statistics

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Developmental exposure to thyroid disruptors:misprogramming of the brain's stem cells in later life?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 527-528页

作者： pieter Vancamp Sylvie Remaud Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Adaptation CNRS UMR 7221Department Adaptations of LifeMuséum National d’Histoire NaturelleParisFrance

Introduction:Ever since the discovery of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the adult mammalian brain,scientists have been trying to decipher which signals govern their turnover and lineage commitment to generate neurons and *** their role in nervous tissue homeostasis can provide new insights into the etiology of several neurological disorders,and might one day be turned to our advantage to promote endogenous brain injury *** and we have identified thyroid hormone(TH)as a key factor transcriptionally regulating NSC behavior in the largest niche of the adult mammalian brain:the subventricular zone(SVZ).

关键词： endogenous homeostasis programming

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Design of Rf and Microwave Amplifiers and Oscillators (Artech House Microwave Library) Boston :

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2009年

作者： pieter L. D. Abrie

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Ghrelin's second life:From appetite stimulator to glucose regulator

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第25期18卷 3183-3195页

作者： pieter-Jan Verhulst Inge Depoortere Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders Catholic University of Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium

Ghrelin,a 28 amino acid peptide hormone produced by the stomach,was the first orexigenic hormone to be discovered from the *** octanoyl modification at Ser3,mediated by ghrelin O-acyltransferase(GOAT),is essential for ghrelin's biological *** stimulates food intake through binding to its receptor(GRLN-R) on neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the *** is widely expressed throughout the body;accordingly,it is implicated in several other physiological functions,which include growth hormone release,gastric emptying,and body weight *** and GRLN-R expression are also found in the pancreas,suggesting a local physiological ***,several recent studies now point towards an important role for ghrelin and its receptor in the regulation of blood glucose homeostasis,which is the main focus of this *** mechanisms of this regulation by ghrelin have been proposed,and one possibility is through the regulation of insulin *** some controversy,most studies suggest that ghrelin exerts an inhibitory effect on insulin secretion,resulting in increased circulating glucose *** may thus be a diabetogenic ***-related type2 diabetes has become an increasingly important health problem,almost reaching epidemic proportions in the world;therefore,antagonists of the ghrelin-GOAT signaling pathway,which will tackle both energy-and glucose homeostasis,may be considered as promising new therapies for this disease.

关键词： Ghrelin Blood glucose Pancreas Diabetes Insulin

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Overcoming fixation:Shaping BPS to fit into design practice

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Building Simulation 2024年第7期17卷 1037-1041页

作者： pieter de Wilde Clarice Bleil de Souza Division of Energy and Building Design Lund UniversitySweden Welsh School of Architecture Cardiff UniversityUK

Problem definition The use of Building Performance Simulation(BPS)to support building design has long been the‘holy grail’of building science *** can also be used during construction and operation of buildings,for instance supporting rating and certification,optimal control,or fault emulation,but design support is particularly interesting as this is where the foundations for future building performance are *** underlying premise is that good predictions of future building performance can inform and improve design decision-making,and thus help to create buildings that are more energy efficient,more comfortable,and overall perform better than buildings that are designed without such *** on BPS for design support has been carried out since the emergence of building science as a separate area of research in the 1960s(Markus et al.1972;Clarke 2001;Maver 2002;Augenbroe et al.2004).

关键词： supporting design instance

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study hepatic metabolism in diffuse liver diseases, diabetes and cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第13期16卷 1577-1586页

作者： pieter C Dagnelie Susanne Leij-Halfwerk Department of Epidemiology Maastricht University

This review provides an overview of the current state of the art of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in in vivo investigations of diffuse liver disease. So far, MRS of the human liver in vivo has mainly been used as a research tool rather than a clinical tool. The liver is particularly suitable for static and dynamic metabolic studies due to its high metabolic activity. Furthermore, its relatively superfi cial position allows excellent MRS localization, while its large volume allows detection of signals with relatively low intensity. This review describes the application of MRS to study the metabolic consequences of different conditions including diffuse and chronic liver diseases, congenital diseases, diabetes, and the presence of a distant malignancy on hepatic metabolism. In addition, future prospects of MRS are discussed. It is anticipated that future technical developments such as clinical MRS magnets with higher fi eld strength (3 T) and improved delineation of multicomponent signals such as phosphomonoester and phosphodiester using proton decoupling, especially if combined with price reductions for stable isotope tracers, will lead to intensifi ed research into metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, hepato-biliary diseases, as well as non-metastatic liver metabolism in patients with a distant malignant tumor.

关键词： Cancer Cirrhosis Diabetes Diffuse liver disease Hepatitis Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

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TuLP: A Family of Lightweight Message Authentication Codes for Body Sensor Networks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第1期29卷 53-68页

作者：龚征 pieter Hartel Svetla Nikova 唐韶华朱博 School of Computer Science South China Normal University Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Department of ESAT/SCD-COSIC Katholieke Universiteit Leuven IEEE School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo

A wireless sensor network （WSN） commonly whilst a body sensor network （BSN） must be secured with requires lower level security for public information gathering, strong authenticity to protect personal health information. In this paper, some practical problems with the message authentication codes （MACs）, which were proposed in the popular security architectures for WSNs, are reconsidered. The analysis shows that the recommended MACs for WSNs, e.g., CBC- MAC （TinySec）, OCB-MAC （MiniSec）, and XCBC-MAC （SenSee）, might not be exactly suitable for BSNs. Particularly an existential forgery attack is elaborated on XCBC-MAC. Considering the hardware limitations of BSNs, we propose a new family of tunable lightweight MAC based on the PRESENT block cipher. The first scheme, which is named TukP, is a new lightweight MAC with 64-bit output range. The second scheme, which is named TuLP-128, is a 128-bit variant which provides a higher resistance against internal collisions. Compared with the existing schemes, our lightweight MACs are both time and resource efficient on hardware-constrained devices.

关键词： message authentication code body sensor network low-resource implementation

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What India Can Learn from China and Vice Versa

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China & World Economy 2007年第3期15卷 52-69页

作者： pieter Bottelier Johns Hopkins University

A partial convergence of the Indian and Chinese growth models is likely. Judging from China＇s experience, sustaining India＇s impressive economic performance of recent years will require a significant further opening of its economy （externally and internally）, higher savings and investments, especially in physical infrastructure and social services, and stronger labor absorption in the modern sectors. The base of India＇s current economic boom - software, IT-related services and high-end manufacturing - is narrow compared to China ＇s. Poor performance in agriculture is responsible for still significant poverty in many parts of rural lndia. Bilateral lndia-China ties, including trade and investment, are increasing rapidly and could help to bring about the structural economic changes India needs. Through its exports to China, lndia is becoming linked to global supply chains centered on China. The notion that India-China relations are, or are bound to become, fundamentally antagonistic, held by many in the USA, is mistaken and potentially dangerous.

关键词： comparative development economic liberalization India and China sustainable growth urban infrastructure.

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