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HIV Self-Testing Kits Uptake in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe, 2019-2020: A Secondary Data Analysis

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World Journal of AIDS 2022年第1期12卷 20-31页

作者： Tendai Hlabangana Owen Mugurungi Howard Nyika Emmanuel Govha Tsitsi patience Juru Notion Tafara Gombe Addmore Chadambuka Mufuta Tshimanga Department of Family Medicine Global and Public Health Unit University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe AIDS and TB Unit Directorate Harare Zimbabwe African Field Epidemiology Network Harare Zimbabwe

Background: Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus Self-Testing (HIVST) is a process where an individual who wants to know their HIV status collects a specimen, performs a test and interprets the result by themselves. HIVST data from the Zimbabwe AIDS and TB Program (ATP) directorate showed that between 2019-2020, only 31% of the target HIVST kits were distributed in the country. Mashonaland West Province was one of the least performing provinces in meeting targets for HIVST kits distribution. Gaps in the implementation of the HIVST in the province ultimately affect the nationwide scaleup of targeted testing, a key enabler in achieving HIV epidemic control. We analyzed HIVST trends in Mashonaland West Province to inform HIV testing services programming. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using HIVST secondary data obtained from the District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) electronic database. We conducted regression analysis for trends using Epi Info 7.2 and tables, bar graphs, pie charts and linear graphs were used for data presentation. Results: A total of 31,070 clients accessed HIVST kits in Mashonaland West Province from 2019-2020. A slightly higher proportion (50.4% and 51.7%) of females as compared to males accessed HIVST kits in 2019 and 2020 respectively. Overall, an increase in the trend of HIVST kits uptake was recorded (males R2 = 0.3945, p-value = 0.003 and females R2 = 0.4739, p-value = 0.001). There was generally a decline in the trend of community-based distribution of HIVST kits from the third quarter of 2019 throughout 2020 (R2 = 0.2441, p-value = 0.006). Primary distribution of HIVST kits remained the dominant method of distribution, constituting more than half of the kits distributed in both 2019 (67%) and 2020 (86%). Conclusion: Mashonaland West Province was mainly utilising facility-based distribution model for HIVST over the community-based distribution model. We recommended training more community-base

关键词： HIV Self-Testing Analysis Secondary Data

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study of 315 Women Followed in the Gynecology and Oncology Departments of Two University Teaching Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第12期6卷 676-688页

作者： Felix Essiben Pascal Foumane Esther Ngo Um Meka patience Signing Soh Julius Dohbit Sama Eyongoben Osogo Emile Telesphore Mboudou Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) University of Yaoundé I YaoundéCameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yaounde Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Higher Institute of Health Université des Montagnes Bagangte Cameroon

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the first cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Cameroon. The aim of the study was to investigate its risk factors for breast cancer at two University Teaching Hospitals in Yaoundé. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted for 5 months, from February 25th to July 25th 2015, at the Gynecology unit of the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Medical Oncology unit of the Yaoundé General Hospital (YGH). One hundred and five patients with breast cancer (cases) were compared to 210 women who did not have breast cancer (controls). SPSS Version 18.0.0 software was used to analyze the data with a statistical significance considered at P-value 50 years (P three times per week (P = 0.002;OR = 2.14;CI = [1.33 - 3.45]), palm oil consumption > two times per week (P = 0.001;OR = 2.38;CI = [1.4 - 4.1]). After multivariate analysis, age > 50 years (aOR = 41.48;CI = [2.46 - 69.9]) and consumption of red meat > three times per week [aOR = 7.33;(1.49 - 36)] were the risk factors considered significant for breast cancer. Conclusion: Age > 50 years and red meat consumption are independent risk factors for breast cancer at the Yaoundé General Hospital and at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital.

关键词： Risk Factors Breast Cancer Red Meat Cameroon

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爱屋手记——置办温情暖冬

百姓 2011年第12期 42-51页

作者：阳一尤束 Jan patience

送走金秋,寒冬来袭。尽管环境的温度没法改变,但巧具匠心、人情味颇浓的装修、装饰亦能为家中带来阵阵暖意,让你感觉真的"暖"多了。彻底翻新工程量未免有些大且耗时太多,不妨采用软装饰这种既方便又省时的方法来给美家置办一身温暖且靓... 详细信息

送走金秋,寒冬来袭。尽管环境的温度没法改变,但巧具匠心、人情味颇浓的装修、装饰亦能为家中带来阵阵暖意,让你感觉真的"暖"多了。彻底翻新工程量未免有些大且耗时太多,不妨采用软装饰这种既方便又省时的方法来给美家置办一身温暖且靓丽的"冬衣":给单调的墙壁加一抹暖色;给冰冷的地板盖上温暖厚实的"被子";给沙发靠包增加几个质地柔软的新成员;

关键词：软装饰天然材质图案设计居家生活动物皮毛色彩搭配人的眼睛随处可得 private mat

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猪体内的酸碱平衡:营养学透视

国外畜牧学(猪与禽) 1988年第3期 6-11页

作者： J.F.patience 陈志远加拿大萨斯卡彻温大学猪研究中心主任

体内酸碱平衡向来是生物化学家和生理学家所关心的一个问题,也当然被营养学家视为同生长和代谢有关的一个因素,因此这是在日粮配合中所必须加以考虑的。改变日粮成份就可能有意地或无意地改变猪的酸碱状态,进而又通过食欲和养分代谢的... 详细信息

体内酸碱平衡向来是生物化学家和生理学家所关心的一个问题,也当然被营养学家视为同生长和代谢有关的一个因素,因此这是在日粮配合中所必须加以考虑的。改变日粮成份就可能有意地或无意地改变猪的酸碱状态,进而又通过食欲和养分代谢的改变而影响生产率和生长速度。计算日粮中过量的含硫氨基酸和未定阴离子含量可以帮助确定该日粮所需要的酸或碱的量。

关键词：酸碱平衡碳酸氢盐离解平衡碳酸盐日料配合日粮配合基础日粮二氨基己酸赖氨酸无机物养分代谢毫摩尔

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胆碱对猪和禽的作用

中国畜牧兽医 1983年第2期 6-8页

作者：白景煌 John F.patience

胆碱属于 B 族维生素,是畜禽饲料中的一种必需的营养成分。一、胆碱的结构及生理功能胆碱的结构式:胆碱的生理功能可归纳为以下几方面:胆碱是磷脂(如卵磷脂、鞘磷脂)的组成成分之一,在构成细胞的结构和维持细胞功能上起着重要作用。卵... 详细信息

胆碱属于 B 族维生素,是畜禽饲料中的一种必需的营养成分。一、胆碱的结构及生理功能胆碱的结构式:胆碱的生理功能可归纳为以下几方面:胆碱是磷脂(如卵磷脂、鞘磷脂)的组成成分之一,在构成细胞的结构和维持细胞功能上起着重要作用。卵磷脂是细胞膜的一种最普通的脂类化合物。鞘磷脂则是大脑和外周神经组织的主要成分。胆碱以卵磷脂的形式在脂肪

关键词：胆碱仔猪维生素仔鸡前体三甲基烷基铵蛋氨酸

A Putative Protein with No Known Function in Arabidopsis thaliana Harbors a Domain with Adenylyl Cyclase Activity

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 943-959页

作者： Katlego S. Sehlabane patience Chatukuta Tshegofatso B. Dikobe Enetia D. Bobo Angela Sibanda David T. Kawadza Oziniel Ruzvidzo Department of Botany North-West University Mmabatho South Africa

Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are a special group of enzymes that catalyze formation of the second messenger molecule, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from 5'-adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Apparently, even though cAMP is increasingly becoming an important signaling molecule in higher plants, the identification of plant ACs has somewhat remained slow. Here we report the recombinant cloning, partial expression and affinity purification of the truncated version (AtAC261-388) of a putative Arabidopsis thaliana protein (AtAC: At3g21465) followed by a demonstration of its inherent enzymatic activity as an AC. Currently, AtAC is not assigned any particular function in A. thaliana but simply annotated as an AC-like protein and, therefore, we targeted it for our study to establish if it is indeed a bona fide AC molecule. From our work, we firstly, show through enzyme immunoassaying and mass spectrometry that the recombinant AtAC261-388 can generate cAMP from ATP in vitro in a manganese-dependent manner that is activated by calcium and hydrogen carbonate. Secondly, we reveal through computational analysis that the AC center of AtAC is solvent-exposed, and amenable to the unhindered access of ATP as a substrate for catalysis. Lastly, we show that the recombinant AtAC261-388 can complement AC-deficiency (cyaA mutation) in SP850 cells when expressed in this mutant Escherichia coli strain.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana Adenylyl Cyclase Enzyme Immunoassay Mass Spectrometry Computational Analysis

DNA Barcoding of Nigeria’s Forest Species Listed in CITES and Other Endangered Plant Species of National Interest

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第11期13卷 1335-1346页

作者： Christie Oby Onyia Obianuju patience Ilo Chosen Ekene Obih Omokafe Ugbogu Beatrice Onyinye Ojiego Sunkanmi Saheed Rufai Paschaleen Soromtochukwu Onyemaechi Emmanuel Chukwudi Chukwuma Department of Biological Sciences/Directorate of Inter-Disciplinary Research Godfrey Okoye University Enugu Nigeria Department of Environmental Biotechnology and Bioconservation National Biotechnology Development Agency Abuja Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Godfrey Okoye University Enugu Nigeria Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan Nigeria National Environmental Standards Regulations and Enforcement Agency Ibadan Nigeria

Illegal trade is considered one of the greatest threats to the loss of biodiversity of endangered plants. Some of these plant species are often trafficked in processed forms, making it extremely difficult for taxonomic experts to identify them. In the past, illegal traders of endangered species have been arrested and prosecuted but eventually cleared due to a lack of conclusive evidence. DNA barcoding is a veritable tool to protect these endangered species from illegal trade. It identifies all stages of the species’ life forms including processed products (milled or powdered animal and plant parts). The study utilised the rbcL gene as a single barcode region in the identification/authentication of 19 Nigeria’s endangered forest species legislated under the CITES and other endangered species of national interest. The generated sequence barcodes were used to query NCBI-GenBank and BOLD databases. 57.89% of the samples were identified down to species level and 42.11% to genus level. Amongst the 19 samples, sample (S7) yielded a high-quality sequence for a single sequencing read (forward), sufficient to identify the sample with a 99.81% identity match on NCBI-GenBank and BOLD. The results reveal that the rbcL single barcode efficiently identified most of the sampled plants;this supports the potential utilisation of DNA barcoding in the accurate detection and conservation of CITES-listed plants in Nigeria. The study documented the CITES-listed plants and other essential plants endangered or threatened plants in Nigeria and provided the first chloroplast DNA reference dataset to support the utilisation of DNA barcoding to identify CITES-listed plant species in Nigeria, which is significant for future studies.

关键词： Annonaceae Apocynaceae BOLD CITES DNA Barcoding NCBI rbcL

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饮水质量在畜禽生产中的重要性

国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 1990年第6期10卷 10-13页

作者：刘继承 John F. patience 加拿大萨斯卡彻温大学畜禽科学系Prairie养猪中心

前言水对所有的生物都极为重要。强调水是一种营养素也并不过分。但在讨论水的重要性时若不同时考虑饮水的质量也是不完整的。对水质的评价至少应包括5个指标: 1、感官参数:颜色、浊度、味道、气味; 2、理化特性:pH、总溶质、硬度、碱... 详细信息

前言水对所有的生物都极为重要。强调水是一种营养素也并不过分。但在讨论水的重要性时若不同时考虑饮水的质量也是不完整的。对水质的评价至少应包括5个指标: 1、感官参数:颜色、浊度、味道、气味; 2、理化特性:pH、总溶质、硬度、碱度、溶解氧; 3、超量物质:正常存在于水中但量过大,包括硝酸盐、铁、钠、硫酸盐和氟化物等; 4、毒物:已知对人畜有毒的物质,痕量存在于多数水源中,已知其阈值浓度,包括砷化物、氰化物、铅、

关键词：畜禽饮水质量营养

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Screening of Anti-Infectives against Leishmania donovani

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第1期6卷 13-22页

作者： Henry Nettey Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington Benoit Banga Nguessan Barima Afrane Mustafa Tagoe Anokye Ababio patience Botchway Yvonne Darko Clement Sasu Alexander Nyarko School of Pharmacy University of Ghana Legon Ghana School of Pharmacy Mercer University Atlanta GA USA

Aim: To evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of several anti-infective agents alone and in combination against Leishmania donovani. Method: A convenient stratified sampling method was used to obtain selected anti-infective agents. For individual drug samples, Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentrations (IC50) were obtained using the broth dilution method. The IC50’s of the drugs which were active against L. donovani were used as reference values to prepare drug combinations for the modified microdilution checkerboard method. Results: Five (5) out of the fifty-six (56) drugs used showed activity (inhibition of cell growth) against L. donovani cells. They include Quinine sulphate (IC50 = 0.089 μg/ml), gentamicin (IC50 = 8.1 μg/ml), amodiaquine (IC50 = 138 μg/ml) and the two standard drugs: Amphotericin B (IC50 = 6.3 μg/ml) and Pentamidine (IC50 = 25 μg/ml). The remaining fifty-one (51) drugs did not show any inhibition within the range of concentrations used (1.25 - 160 μg/ml). The drug combinations of Pentamidine/Amodiaquine, Pentamidine/ Quinine sulphate, Pentamidine/Gentamicin, Amphotericin B/Quinine Sulphate, Amphotericin B/ Gentamicin, Amodiaquine/Quinine sulphate and Amodiaquine/Gentamicin showed synergistic effects against L. donovani whereas the Amphotericin B/Amodiaquine combination was antagonistic. Notable in the results obtained was the high effectiveness of quinine sulphate in inhibiting the growth of L. donovani. Quinine sulphate, though not indicated for leishmania treatment, was more effective than the two standard drugs and has a potential of playing a significant role in the treatment of leishmaniasis. Conclusion: This study has revealed five (5) anti-infective agents that by themselves or in combinations show activity against L. donovani. Some of the drug combinations which showed synergism should further be investigated. These results have to be confirmed by in vivo studies to d

关键词： Anti-Infectives Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration Leishmania donovani