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吸食大麻和性别对视觉稳态诱发电位的影响

世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第4期 43-44页

作者： Skosnik P.D. Krishnan G.P. Vohs J.L. O'Donnell B.F. 高中宝 Department of Psychology Indiana University 1101 E 10th Street Bloomington IN 47408 United States

Objective: Cannabis use often induces subjective distortions of perception. However, little work has been done examining the electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of early sensory processing in cannabis users. The present study therefore examined visual function in cannabis users as assessed via the steady state visual evoked potential. (SSVEP). Methods: SSVEPs were examined in current cannabis users (n=17; 59% male; mean age=23.2 (S.D.=5.3)) and drug-naive controls (n=16; 38% male; mean age=21.3 (S.D.=3.1)) to periodic photic stimulation presented at 18 and 25 Hz. The visual SSVEP was quantified via spectral power and the phase-locking factor (PLF) at each frequency of stimulation. The transient N160 event-related potential (ERP) was also evaluated at stimulus onset. Results: The results showed that for both frequencies, female subjects in general displayed larger visual SSVEPs. A significant gender X group interaction also occurred at 18 Hz of stimulation, and age of onset of cannabis use positively correlated with 18 Hz spectral power values. Finally, the transient N160 component was shown to be reduced in cannabis users, regardless of gender. Conclusions: The present study was the first to demonstrate altered visual SSVEPs in cannabis users, and extends previous research demonstrating increased steady state responses in female subjects. While decreased SSVEPs provide initial evidence of altered oscillatory properties in primary visual circuits, reduction of the transient N160 component suggests disruption of later-stage visual processing in cannabis users. Significance: These data provide evidence of cannabinoid modulation of sensory/perceptual function in the visual system, and indicates that cannabis use may affect the oscillatory properties of sensory cortical circuits.

关键词：大麻吸食者麻类作物诱发电位稳态性别

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线粒体细胞病患者的脑部MRI表现

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 17-18页

作者： Barragn-Campos H.M. Vallée J.-N. L.D. 高中宝 Service de Neuroradiologie du Professeur Jacques Chiras Groupe Hospitalier Pi tié-Salpêtrière 47-83 Boulevard de l'hpital 75651 Paris Cedex 13 FranceDr.

Background: Mitochondrial cytopathies (MCs) are a heterogeneous group of clini cal entities, some of which have classic phenotypes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported to be helpful in the diagnosis of MC. Objective: To corr elate the most common brain MRI findings reported in patients with MC with the c linical findings in patients in different MC subgroups. Design: Case series. Set ting: Patients with MCs seen at the Instituto National de Ciencias Médicas y Nu tritin Salvador Zubirn, Mexico City, Mexico. Patients: Twenty-one patients with MC with the following phenotypes: chronic progressive external ophthalmople gia (n=7), Kearns-Sayre syndrome (n=7), mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal enc ephalopathy (n=6), and myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fiber myopathy (n=1). Results: Brain MRI abnormalities were found in 20 (95%) of 21 patients. The mos t frequent abnormalities were widespread white matter hyperintensity in 19 patie nts (90%), supratentorial cortical atrophy in 18 patients (86%), and cerebella r atrophy in 13 patients (62%). Widespread white matter hyperin tensity (P < .001) and supratentorial cortical atrophy (P=.001) were each corr elated significantly with MC. Subsequent subgroup analyses showed that the absen ce of basal ganglia hyperintensity was correlated with Kearns-Sayre syndrome (P < .001) and the presence of supratentorial cortical atrophy was correlated with mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (P=.005). Conclusions: The p resence of widespread white matter hyperintensity and/or supratentorial cortical atrophy in brain MRI may help to establish the diagnosis of MC. The radiologist has a role to play in the workup of MC by confirming the diagnosis and possibly distinguishing different subgroups of MC.

关键词：细胞病 MRI 肌阵挛型癫痫皮质萎缩脑白质放射科医师小脑萎缩鉴别诊断纤维肌脑病

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抗癫痫药物联合应用对拉莫三嗪清除率的影响

世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第1期 14-15页

作者： Weintraub D. Buchsbaum R. Resor Jr. S.R. Hirsch L.J. 高中宝 Department of Neurology College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University 710 W 168th St New York NY 10032 United States Dr.

Objective: To investigate the effect of antiepileptic drug (AED) comedication, including all newer AEDs, on lamotrigine clearance (CL). Design: We reviewed 570 medical charts of outpatients 12 years and older seen at the Columbia Comprehensive Epilepsy Center who received lamotrigine as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy. We investigated whether a given comedication contributed to the lamotrigine serum concentration. In addition, we examined whether the mean lamotrigine CL during comedication with each AED differed from the lamotrigine CL during monotherapy. Finally, we examined whether individuals had significantly different lamotrigine CLs when taking or not taking a particular comedication. Results: Comedication with phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproate sodium were the major AED predictors of lamotrigine serum concentration. Comedication regimens with felbamate, oxcarbazepine, and phenobarbital were small but significant predictors. The mean lamotrigine CL was 43.2 mL/h per kilogram of body weight with lamotrigine monotherapy, significantly higher with comedication with phenytoin (101.3 mL/h per kilogram) and carbamazepine (59.5 mL/h per kilogram) and significantly lower with valproate (16.9 mL/h per kilogram). Patients had significantly higher lamotrigine CL when taking phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital than when not taking those comedications and had significantly lower lamotrigine CL when taking valproate. The mean lamotrigine CL was significantly lower than that associated with monotherapy in patients comedicated with valproate plus phenytoin (22.0 mL/h per kilogram) but not in patients comedicated with valproate plus carbamazepine (33.3 mL/h per kilogram). No other AEDs affected lamotrigine CL. Conclusion: Phenytoin increases lamotrigine CL by approximately 125%, carbamazepine increases lamotrigine CL by approximately 30%to 50%, and valproate decreases lamotrigine CL by approximately 60%. No newer AED, with the possible exception of oxcarbazepine

关键词：拉莫三嗪联合应用患者利必通抗癫痫丙戊酸钠清除率

帕金森病的预后:鹿特丹一项关于痴呆和死亡风险的研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 13-14页

作者： De Lau L.M.L. Schipper C.M.A. Hofman A. M.M.B Breteler 高中宝 Dr. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Erasmus Medical Center PO Box 1738 3000 DR Rotterdam Netherlands

Background: Most prognostic studies on Parkinson disease have been hospital based or have applied register-based casefinding methods. Potential under-representation of mild cases may have given biased results. Abstract:Objective: To evaluate whether Parkinson disease is associated with an increased risk of dementia and death. Design: Population-based cohort study. Parkinson disease and dementia were assessed through in-per-son examination at baseline (1990-1993) and 2 follow-up visits (1993-1994 and 1997-1999). Computerized linkage to medical and municipality records provided additional information on disease outcomes and mortality. Setting: General population. Participants: A total of 6969 participants, including 99 prevalent and 67 incident cases of Parkinson disease. Main Outcome Measures: Incident dementia and death. Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated through Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Patients with Parkinson disease had an increased risk of dementia (hazard ratio, 2.8; 95%confidence interval, 1.8-4.4), which was especially pronounced in participants carrying at least 1 apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) 2 allele (13.5; 4.5-40.6). Parkinson disease was associated with an increased mortality risk (1.8; 1.5-2.3). The association consistently diminished when analyses were sequentially restricted to patients with shorter disease duration and after adjustment for the occurrence of dementia. Conclusions: Especially patients with Parkinson disease who carry an APOE 2 allele have an increased risk of developing dementia. Increased mortality risk in Parkinson disease is dependent on disease duration and is only modest in the absence of dementia.

关键词：帕金森病死亡风险医疗记录病例发现队列研究载脂蛋白相对风险回归分析法无痴检查和

文拉法辛联合认知行为疗法治疗帕金森病抑郁、认知功能障碍的临床疗效评价

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第19期17卷 3651-3655页

作者：侍相君王振福陈予东高中宝王炜王洁解放军总医院南楼临床部神经内科北京100853 中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院北京100068

目的:探讨文拉法辛联合认知行为疗法治疗帕金森病(PD)抑郁、认知功能障碍的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选择我院收治的60例PD合并抑郁、认知功能障碍患者并将其随机分为三组,分别为对照组(单用文拉法辛治疗),联合奥氮平组(文拉法辛联合奥氮... 详细信息

目的:探讨文拉法辛联合认知行为疗法治疗帕金森病(PD)抑郁、认知功能障碍的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选择我院收治的60例PD合并抑郁、认知功能障碍患者并将其随机分为三组,分别为对照组(单用文拉法辛治疗),联合奥氮平组(文拉法辛联合奥氮平),联合认知行为疗法组(文拉法辛联合认知行为疗法),每组20例,于治疗前及治疗后4、8周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行抑郁程度评定,简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)和事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)P300进行认知功能评定。结果:治疗4、8周时,三组的HAMD评分均较治疗前有不同程度下降,P300潜伏期较治疗前有不同程度缩短,P300波幅、MMSE评分有不同程度升高(P<0.05),联合奥氮平组和联合认知行为疗法组HAMD评分较对照组明显下降,P300潜伏期较对照组明显缩短,P300波幅、MMSE评分明显升高(P<0.05),联合认知行为疗法组HAMD评分较联合奥氮平组明显下降,P300潜伏期明显缩短,P300波幅、MMSE评分明显升高(P<0.05)。三组均无特殊不良反应。结论:文拉法辛联合认知行为疗法治疗PD抑郁、认知功能障碍疗效确切,能显著改善患者抑郁症状,提高患者的认知功能,疗效较单用文拉法辛或文拉法辛联合奥氮平治疗更好,且安全性高。

关键词：文拉法辛奥氮平认知行为疗法帕金森病抑郁认知功能障碍

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丘脑底核-深部脑刺激术术后淡漠的研究进展

现代生物医学进展 2017年第23期17卷 4590-4592,4582页

作者：侍相君王振福陈予东高中宝王炜王洁解放军总医院南楼临床部神经内科北京100853 中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院北京100068

帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)是一种由于中脑黑质以及其他核团结构的多巴胺能神经元变性所致的以进行性运动功能障碍为主要表现的疾病。近年来,双侧高频刺激的丘脑底核-深部脑刺激术(STN-DBS)治疗PD效果确切,疗效较好,但其出现了... 详细信息

帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)是一种由于中脑黑质以及其他核团结构的多巴胺能神经元变性所致的以进行性运动功能障碍为主要表现的疾病。近年来,双侧高频刺激的丘脑底核-深部脑刺激术(STN-DBS)治疗PD效果确切,疗效较好,但其出现了术后淡漠等类似副作用,严重影响了PD治疗效果和患者的生活质量,引起了临床医生的高度重视。本文对STN-DBS术后淡漠发病情况、表现及治疗进行综述,为临床诊治提供思路。

关键词：帕金森病丘脑底核-深部脑刺激术淡漠