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激光聚变内爆流体不稳定性基础问题研究进展

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强激光与粒子束 2021年第1期33卷 1-60页

作者：王立锋叶文华陈竹李永升丁永坤赵凯歌张靖李志远杨云鹏吴俊峰范征锋薛创李纪伟王帅杭旭登缪文勇袁永腾涂绍勇尹传盛曹柱荣邓博杨家敏江少恩董佳钦方智恒贾果谢志勇黄秀光傅思祖郭宏宇李英骏程涛高振方丽丽王保山王英华曾维新卢艳旷圆圆赵振朝陈伟戴振生谷建法葛峰峻康洞国张桦森乔秀梅李蒙刘长礼申昊许琰高耀明刘元元胡晓燕徐小文郑无敌邹士阳王敏朱少平张维岩贺贤土北京应用物理与计算数学研究所北京100094 北京大学应用物理与技术研究中心高能量密度物理数值模拟教育部重点实验室工学院北京100871 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心四川绵阳621900 中国工程物理研究院上海激光等离子体研究所上海201800 中国矿业大学(北京) 北京100083 中国海洋大学数学科学学院山东青岛266100 安徽大学物理与材料科学学院合肥230039

激光聚变有望一劳永逸地解决人类的能源问题,因而受到国际社会的普遍重视,一直是国际研究的前沿热点。目前实现激光惯性约束聚变所面临的最大科学障碍(属于内禀困难)是对内爆过程中高能量密度流体力学不稳定性引起的非线性流动的有效控... 详细信息

激光聚变有望一劳永逸地解决人类的能源问题,因而受到国际社会的普遍重视,一直是国际研究的前沿热点。目前实现激光惯性约束聚变所面临的最大科学障碍(属于内禀困难)是对内爆过程中高能量密度流体力学不稳定性引起的非线性流动的有效控制,对其研究涵盖高能量密度物理、等离子体物理、流体力学、计算科学、强冲击物理和高压原子物理等多个学科,同时还要具备大规模多物理多尺度多介质流动的数值模拟能力和高功率大型激光装置等研究条件。作为新兴研究课题,高能量密度非线性流动问题充满了各种新奇的现象亟待探索。此外,流体力学不稳定性及其引起的湍流混合,还是天体物理现象(如星系碰撞与合并、恒星演化、原始恒星的形成以及超新星爆炸)中的重要过程,涉及天体物理的一些核心研究内容。本文首先综述了高能量密度非线性流动研究的现状和进展,梳理了其中的挑战和机遇。然后介绍了传统中心点火激光聚变内爆过程发生的主要流体力学不稳定性,在大量分解和综合物理研究基础上,凝练出了目前制约美国国家点火装置(NIF)内爆性能的主要流体不稳定性问题。接下来,总结了国外激光聚变流体不稳定性实验物理的研究概况。最后,展示了内爆物理团队近些年在激光聚变内爆流体不稳定性基础性问题方面的主要研究进展。该团队一直从事激光聚变内爆非线性流动研究与控制,以及聚变靶物理研究与设计,注重理论探索和实验研究相结合,近年来在内爆重要流体力学不稳定性问题的解析理论、数值模拟和激光装置实验设计与数据分析等方面取得了一系列重要成果,有力地推动了该研究方向在国内的发展。

关键词：激光聚变惯性约束聚变流体力学不稳定性高能量密度物理非线性流动辐射流体力学内爆物理

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二维材料最新研究进展

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物理化学学报 2021年第12期37卷 1-151页

作者：常诚陈伟陈也陈永华陈雨丁峰樊春海范红金范战西龚成宫勇吉何其远洪勋胡晟胡伟达黄维黄元季威李德慧李连忠李强林立凌崇益刘鸣华刘楠刘庄 Kian Ping Loh 马建民缪峰彭海琳邵明飞宋礼苏邵孙硕谭超良唐智勇王定胜王欢王金兰王欣王欣然 Andrew T.S.Wee 魏钟鸣吴宇恩吴忠帅熊杰熊启华徐伟高尹鹏曾海波曾志远翟天佑张晗张辉张其春张铁锐张翔赵立东赵美廷赵伟杰赵运宣周凯歌周兴周喻朱宏伟张华刘忠范 Institute of Science and Technology Austria Am Campus 13400 KlosterneuburgAustria Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3117543Singapore Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Centre for Multidimensional Carbon Materials Institute for Basic ScienceUlsan 44919Korea School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Quantum Technology Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis(CAN) Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChEM)Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005Fujian ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials&Micro-Nano Devices Department of PhysicsRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China School of Optical and Electronic Information Wuhan National Laboratory

Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since the mechanical exfoliation of graphene in 2004. Starting from graphene, 2D materials now have become a big family with numerous members and diverse categories. The unique structural features and physicochemical properties of 2D materials make them one class of the most appealing candidates for a wide range of potential applications. In particular, we have seen some major breakthroughs made in the field of 2D materials in last five years not only in developing novel synthetic methods and exploring new structures/properties but also in identifying innovative applications and pushing forward commercialisation. In this review, we provide a critical summary on the recent progress made in the field of 2D materials with a particular focus on last five years. After a brief backgroundintroduction, we first discuss the major synthetic methods for 2D materials, including the mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, vapor phase deposition, and wet-chemical synthesis as well as phase engineering of 2D materials belonging to the field of phase engineering of nanomaterials(PEN). We then introduce the superconducting/optical/magnetic properties and chirality of 2D materials along with newly emerging magic angle 2D superlattices. Following that, the promising applications of 2D materials in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, sensors, environments, etc. are described sequentially. Thereafter, we present the theoretic calculations and simulations of 2D materials. Finally, after concluding the current progress, we provide some personal discussions on the existing challenges and future outlooks in this rapidly developing field.

关键词： Two-dimensional materials Transition metal dichalcogenides Phase engineering of nanomaterials Electronics Optoelectronics Catalysis Energy storage and conversion

四缸柴油机双轴平衡结构形式及平衡轴的装配方法

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黑龙江科技信息 2016年第8期 35-35页

作者：张微刘全双李春萍周春月胡凯闫文俊张怡军俞道云王亚飞马登慧祁伟于海英杨文景王琳刘亚辉武凯歌王学峰一拖(洛阳)柴油机有限公司河南洛阳471000

柴油机采用双轴平衡结构,目的是减弱或消除发动机运转过程中的往复惯性力及减小倾覆力矩。通过对比柴油机是否装配平衡轴可以明显看出,使用平衡轴可以极大程度改善柴油机震动特性,可完全平衡某次运转过程的往复惯性力,最大程度削减侧倾... 详细信息

柴油机采用双轴平衡结构,目的是减弱或消除发动机运转过程中的往复惯性力及减小倾覆力矩。通过对比柴油机是否装配平衡轴可以明显看出,使用平衡轴可以极大程度改善柴油机震动特性,可完全平衡某次运转过程的往复惯性力,最大程度削减侧倾力矩。从而提高发动机的可靠性和舒适度。双轴平衡结构的开发及应用对柴油机减震设计具有极强的使用价值和指导意义。本文同时又对平衡轴的装配方法做出指导,此指导可用于柴油机批量生产的作业指导。

关键词：柴油机平衡轴结构装配方法