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Relation between Mass and Radius of Exoplanets Distinguished by their Density

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第6期23卷 47-55页

作者： Alberto S.Betzler JoséG.v.Miranda Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Sustentabilidade Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da BahiaFeira de SantanaBahia44.085-132Brazil Instituto de Fisica Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvadorBahia40.170-115Brazil

The formation of the solar system has been studied since the 18th century and received a boost in 1995 with the discovery of the first exoplanet,51 Pegasi *** investigations increased the number of confirmed planets to about5400 to *** possible internal structure and composition of these planets can be inferred from the relationship between planet mass and radius,*** have analyzed the M-R relation of a selected sample of iron-rock and ice-gas planets using a fractal approach to their *** application of fractal theory is particularly useful to define the physical meaning of the proportionality constant and the exponent in an empirical M-R power law in exoplanets,but this does not necessarily mean that they have an internal fractal *** M-R relations based on this sample are M=(1.46±0.08)R^(2.6±0.2)for the rocky population(3.6≤ρ≤14.3 g cm^(-3)),with 1.5≤M≤39M_(⊕),and M=(0.27±0.04)R^(2.7±0.2)for ice-gas planets(0.3≤ρ≤2.1 g cm^(-3))with 5.1≤M≤639 M_(⊕)(or■2 M_(J))and orbital periods greater than 10 *** M-R relations have in their density range a great predictive power for the determination of the mass of exoplanets and even for the largest icy moons of the solar *** average fractal dimension of these planets is D=2.6±0.1,indicating that these objects likely have a similar degree of heterogeneity in their densities and a nearly similar composition in each *** M-R diagram shows a"gap"between ice-gas and iron-rock *** gap is a direct consequence of the density range of these two *** empirically propose an upper mass limit of about 100 M_(⊕),so that an M-R relation for ice-gas planets in a narrow density range is defined by M∝R^(3).

关键词： planets and satellites:formation planets and satellites:terrestrial planets planets and satellites:gaseous planets

Proposal of an ultrasonographic classification for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: Echinococcosis multilocularis Ulm classification-ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第43期21卷 12392-12402页

作者： Wolfgang Kratzer Beate Gruener Tanja em Kaltenbach Sarina Ansari-Bitzenberger Peter Kern Michael Fuchs Richard A Mason Thomas FE Barth Mark M Haenle Andreas Hillenbrand Suemeyra Oeztuerk Tilmann Graeter Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital Ulm Comprehensive Infectious Diseases Center (CIDC) Ulm Comprehensive Infectious Diseases Center University Hospital Ulm Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth University Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of veterans Affairs Medical Center Institute of Pathology University Hospital Ulm Department of General- and visceral Surgery University Hospital Ulm Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology University Hospital Ulm

AIM: To establish an ultrasonographic classification based on a large sample of patients with confirmed hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(AE).METHODS: Clinical data and ultrasonography(US) findings of 185 patients(100 males; 85 females; mean age at diagnosis: 51.4 ± 17.6 years; mean age at time of US examination: 58.7 ± 18.2 years) were retrospectively reviewed with respect to the US morphology of hepatic AE lesions. The sonomorphological findings were grouped according to a five-part classification ***: Application of the new classification resulted in the following distribution of sonomorphological patterns among the patients examined: hailstorm(54.1%); pseudocystic(13.5%); ossification(13.0%); hemangioma-like(8.1%); and metastasis-like(6.5%). Only 4.9% of lesions could not be assigned to a sonomorphological ***: The sonomorphological classification proposed in the present study facilitates the diagnosis,interpretation and comparison of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in routine practice and in the context of scientific studies.

关键词： Hepatic echinococcosis Echinococcus mul tiloculari

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大白鲨:查尔斯·萨奇和他的收藏帝国

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞与激痛点注射治疗慢性腹壁疼痛:一项随机临床试验

2011年

作者：田恒 Gret White Shark Charles Saatchi and His em

本书以英国当代收藏家查尔斯·萨奇为案例，通过针对大量生动活泼的历史资料的爬梳，将一位全球闻名、充满争议、颇具传奇色彩的收藏家展现在读者面前。

ISBN: (纸本)9787515500096

关键词：收藏家生平事迹

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2022年第7期28卷 482-485页

作者：阎芳(译) 孙涛(校) Moeschler SM Pollard em Pingree MJ 山东第一医科大学附属省立医院不详

该随机临床试验的主要目的是研究慢性腹壁疼痛病人接受超声引导下腹横肌平面(transversus abdominis plane,TAP)阻滞与超声引导下激痛点注射(trigger point injections,TPI)治疗,术后3个月随访时疼痛数字评分法(nRS)评分情况。主要结局... 详细信息

该随机临床试验的主要目的是研究慢性腹壁疼痛病人接受超声引导下腹横肌平面(transversus abdominis plane,TAP)阻滞与超声引导下激痛点注射(trigger point injections,TPI)治疗,术后3个月随访时疼痛数字评分法(nRS)评分情况。主要结局评估方法是使用意向性分析(ITT)方法,比较TAP组和TPI组在随访第3个月时nRS评分的差异。共纳入60例病人,以1:1的比例随机分入超声引导下TAP阻滞组(n=30)或超声引导下TPI组(n=30)。TAP组和TPI组的平均基线疼痛评分分别为5.5和4.7。在随访第3个月的ITT分析中,组间疼痛评分差异为1.7(95%CI,0.3-3.0),TPI组效果更好。在后续按方案分析中,组间疼痛评分差异为1.8(95%CI,0.4-3.2),TPI组效果更好。在ITT和按方案分析中,组间疼痛评分差异达到了中等效应量。该研究表明与接受TAP阻滞的慢性腹壁疼痛病人相比,接受TPI的病人在随访第3个月时的疼痛评分显著降低。

关键词：慢性腹壁痛激痛点注射腹横肌平面阻滞超声随机试验

Sequelae of long-term opioid therapy in patients with polyneuropathy

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中华物理医学与康复杂志 2017年第9期39卷 717-717页

作者： Hoffman em Watson JC St Sauver

BACKGROUnD AnD OBJECTIvE Polyneuropathy is a common condition,with related impairments including neuropathic *** study examined the prevalence of long-term opioid therapy among patients with polyneuropathy and the ass... 详细信息

关键词：药物治疗神经病多发性后遗症治疗时间患病率死亡率

Three-Rate State-Space Models for Stochastic Multivariable Continuous-Time Control Systems and their Simulation

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Three-Rate State-Space Models for Stochastic Multivariable C...

Ultrasound assessment of steroid injections to the knee

第十九届中国控制会议

作者： Igor Astrov Juri em Ennu Rüstern Department of Computer Control Tallinn Technical University Ehitajate tee 519086 TallinnEstonia Department of Computer Control Tallinn Technical University Ehitajate tee 519086 TallinnEstonia Department of Computer Control Tallinn Technical University Ehitajate tee 519086 TallinnEstonia

＜正＞The nature of the multirate dynamics of the process makes it very attractive for applications, since the multirate phenomena are complex. In this paper a method for reception of the description in state space for a three-rate autonomous continuous-time stochastic control system and the block diagram of functioning of all subsystems with optimal regulators are offered. The proposed control system design was successfully applied to design a highly accurate position control of the Lockheed L1011 aircraft. Simulation and animation results with the help of a simulation modelling packet SIMULInK show the quality of the proposed method and demonstrate that this design technique would work for real systems.

关键词： continuous systems stochastic systems multirate systems modelling simulation.

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中华物理医学与康复杂志 2015年第4期 290-290页

作者： Keen HI Hensor em Wakefield RJ

BACKGROUnD AnD OBJECTIvE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common form of arthritis, affecting up to 10% of the north American elderly population. In addition, the prevalence of radiographically established OA in the United States is estimated to be 33% among individuals over 63 years of age. This study was designed to determine whether ultrasound (US) can be effective in demonstrating a response to intra-articular corticosteroid injections to the *** Subjects included 35, consecutive subjects who met the American College of Rheumatology''s radiologic criteria for OA. All subjects completed a symptom assessment and US examination at baseline, and returned for follow-up at 14 weeks. Of those, 19 participants were determined to be in need of a corticosteroid injection, and received 80 mg of methylprednisolone mixed with 2 mL of lidocaine one percent. The remaining subjects underwent no therapeutic intervention. All participants were asked to rate their knee pain on a visual analogue scale, and to complete the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The knee joints were assessed with US at baseline and at four *** At follow-up US, synovial thickness was noted to have decreased in 16 of the 19 patients in the treatment group, and in two of the 14 patients in the control group (P=0.012). A reduction in synovial thickness was associated with a reduction in pain greater than or equal to the predetermined minimally clinically important improvement level (>20 mm on the vAS). With both groups combined, no substantial association was seen between changes in synovial thickness and changes in *** This pilot study suggests that US may be useful in detecting early changes in synovial pathology in response to intra-articular anti-inflammatory therapy.

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vitamin D and clinically isolated syndrome

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中华物理医学与康复杂志 2016年第4期38卷 258-258页

作者： Mowry em Pelletier D Gao Z

BACKGROUnD AnD OBJECTIvE Previous studies have demonstrated that levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with inflammatory activity among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). As the loss of gray matter volume predicts long-term disability among patients with MS, this study was designed to determine any association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels among patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and imaging measures of *** Data were obtained from subjects in the STAy CIS trial, a randomized study of atorvastatin in patients with recent CIS, used to assess the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with imaging measures thought to reflect neurodegeneration. All subjects were evaluated clinically and by brain MRI at baseline and at months three, six, nine, and 12. The primary endpoint was the development of at least one MS relapse or at least three new T2 lesions on brain MRI at month 12. The data were reviewed for the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and clinical and MRI measures of inflammatory *** Of the 65 patients included in this study, 55% met the composite inflammatory endpoint, while 29% had a second attack during the follow-up period. Every 25 nmol/l higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was associated with a 7.8 mL higher gray matter volume (P=0.025). A trend was noted for an inverse association between vitamin D levels and the composite endpoint of at least three new brain T2 lesions or at least one relapse within the first 12 *** This study of patients with early CIS found that increased levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with preserved gray matter volume.

关键词：维生素D 临床分离综合征神经退行性疾病多发性硬化体积损失患者影像学

多房棘球绦虫重组BCG-emⅡ／3疫苗诱导小鼠脾细胞因子变化的研究

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中国地方病学杂志 2008年第3期27卷 276-279页

作者：李文桂王鸿朱佑明重庆医科大学附属第一医院传染病寄生虫病研究所寄生虫病研究室 400016

目的探讨多房棘球绦虫（em）重组BCG-emⅡ／3疫苗免疫和em原头节攻击后小鼠脾细胞因子的变化。方法将Balb／c小鼠按体质量随机分为3组：疫苗皮下注射组、疫苗鼻腔内接种组、对照组。免疫后8周用em原头节进行攻击感染，感染后18周杀鼠取... 详细信息

目的探讨多房棘球绦虫（em）重组BCG-emⅡ／3疫苗免疫和em原头节攻击后小鼠脾细胞因子的变化。方法将Balb／c小鼠按体质量随机分为3组：疫苗皮下注射组、疫苗鼻腔内接种组、对照组。免疫后8周用em原头节进行攻击感染，感染后18周杀鼠取脾，分离脾细胞，分别用原液、em抗原（emAg）、刀豆蛋白A（ConA）或植物血凝素（PHA）培养，酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法检测脾细胞培养上清液中白细胞介素2（IL-2）、1干扰素（IFn-γ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TnF-α）、白细胞介素4（IL-4）水平。结果疫苗皮下注射组原液培养条件下IL-2、IFn-γ、TnF-α和IL-4水平分别为（34．6±2．7）、（34．5±2．8）、（265．0±0．0）、（9．8±2．6）ng／L，与对照组[（25．0±1．9）、（30．0±0．0）、（10．0±0．0）、（12．5±2．7）ng／L]比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或〈0．05）；疫苗鼻腔内接种组原液培养条件下上述4种指标分别为（32．5±2．2）、（33．6±2．7）、（130．0±0．0）、（10．4±2．7）ng／L，与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或〈0．05）；疫苗皮下注射组原液培养条件下TnF-α水平明显高于疫苗鼻腔内接种组（P〈0．01）。emAg、ConA（或PHA）刺激培养条件下，上述4种指标明显高于相同组别的原液培养（P〈0．01），且ConA（或PHA）刺激培养条件下，上述4种指标明显高于相同组别的emAg刺激培养条件（P〈0．01）。结论多房棘球绦虫重组BCG－emⅡ／3疫苗诱导小鼠产生辅助T淋巴细胞（Th）1型免疫反应，从而对抗em原头节攻击感染。

关键词：棘球蚴病肝重组BCG-emⅡ/3疫苗细胞因子类