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Carbocysteine as Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients without Underlying Chronic Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 39-50页

作者： Myriam Calle Rubio Olga de la Serna Blazquez José Luis R. Martin Manuel ruiz Cuetos Pulmonology Department Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain Department of Medicine School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC) Madrid Spain Pediatric Pulmonology Unit Pediatrics Department Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid Spain Simplifying Research Institute Layos Spain Medical department in ITF Research Pharma S.L.U. Alcobendas Spain

Objective: This study aims to systematically examine the existing evidence regarding the clinical benefits of carbocysteine as an adjunctive treatment in acute bronchopulmonary and otorhinological processes. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: An electronic search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, ***, and the European Clinical Trial Register, with the search dated to May 2023. Bibliographic references from other literature reviews and meta-analyses were also reviewed. The search was limited to randomized clinical trials published in any language and year. It was completed by cross-checking the references of the located articles. Methods: Inclusion criteria covered studies assessing systemic or inhaled carbocysteine, regardless of dosing regimen. Concomitant medication use was acceptable if balanced between intervention and control groups. Authors independently extracted data, resolving disagreements through consensus. Methodological quality assessment relied on critical reading of each study. Dichotomous variables were analyzed using odds ratio (OR), and a final effect size was calculated. Statistical significance was established when confidence intervals did not cross the neutral value. Heterogeneity was assessed via the X2 test and I2 index. Results: Out of 318 initially identified studies, 4 met inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis for poor general condition yielded an OR of 0.45 in favor of intervention, p = 0.013, with non-significant heterogeneity. Cough events showed a percentage of 15.8% for carbocysteine vs. 27.2% for placebo. On the seventh day, expectoration rates were 18.37% for carbocysteinevs 33.3% for placebo. Conclusions: The observed clinical benefits align with carbocysteine’s mucoactive and muco-regulatory properties, complemented by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Carbocysteine stands out among mucolytic agents. In the context of persistent infectious diseases,

关键词： Acute Respiratory Infections Carbocystenine Systematic Review Meta-Analysis

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Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun George Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace Lai-Hung Wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh Lin I-Cheng Lee Hye Won Lee Seung Up Kim Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty Liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic ***,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain *** objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD ***:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective *** fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 *** renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)***:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,*** multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of *** glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Impaired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 Metabolic syndrome

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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： J.Penas A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil L.Martin A.Reija C.ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Laboratorio Laser de Aceleracion y Aplicaciones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y Dpto.de Didactica de la Matematica y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular(I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are *** assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration multi-shot operation proton source target assembly

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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期 91-98页

作者： J.Pe?as A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil L.Martín A.Reija C.ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio Láser de Aceleración y Aplicaciones RIAIDT Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas y Dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de Salamanca Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are introduced. The assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser irradiations. The automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target, which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel, enables operation at rates up to 10 Hz. Stable and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated, with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

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Organ Abscission in Plants: With Special Emphasis on Bell Pepper

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1467-1484页

作者： Ramiro Reyes-Castro Héctor G.Núñez-Palenius Juan I.Valiente-Banuet María E.Sosa-Morales Blanca E.Orosco-Alcalá Rafael Guzmán-Mendoza Graciela M.L.ruiz-Aguilar Rogelio Costilla-Salazar Life Sciences Division Universidad de GuanajuatoIrapuato36500México School of Engineering and Sciences Tecnologico de MonterreyQuerétaro76130México

Bell pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),along with potato and tomato,is one of the three most cultivated vegetables in the *** pepper is worldwide accepted due to its characteristics of color,smell,ﬂavor,and *** pepper is also considered a nutritious food due to its vitamin and antioxidant *** Mexico,bell pepper production has a high value because it is grown for the international markets,particularly the United States of ***,the abscission ofﬂowers and fruits is a factor that limits the yield,hinders the planning of activities,and causes a variation in the prices of *** to the importance of this process,in this work we did a bibliometric analysis and literature review of scientiﬁc advances for the understanding of the abscission pro-cess in plants,and in particular for the bell ***,we introduce new perspectives that would help direct future research about organ abscission in ***,the lack of research that would further clarify abscis-sion process in the bell pepper plant is discussed.

关键词： Capsicum annuum abscission zone plant growth regulators environmental factors

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Camalote Grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd) as a Sustainable Raw Material for the Production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2024年第2期14卷 23-33页

作者： María Luz May-Reyes Cintya Valerio-Cárdenas Gloria Ivette Bolio-López Manuel Mateo Hernández-Villegas Miguel Ángel Velázquez-Carmona Patricia De la Cruz-Burelo Research and Postgraduate Coordination Universidad Popular de la Chontalpa Crdenas Tabasco Mexico

The current trend of replacing a percentage of gasoline with ethanol has promoted the development of new processes for its production from lignocellulosic biomass. This work reports the production of ethanol from the Camalote grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd). The lignocellulosic biomass was subjected to acid hydrolysis at 125C and 15 psi with H2SO4 concentrations at 5%, 10%, and 20%, obtaining an average of reducing sugars (pentoses and hexoses) from the hydrolyzed juice with 12.3%, 10%, and 17% Brix, respectively. The sugars were fermented using yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30C for 48 hours. Finally, the ethanol was distilled at 78C, and the average yields were obtained through analysis of variance with a 95% confidence level. The values indicate that there is a significant difference (p > 0.05), the Tukey study shows that all the % v/v averages are different from each other. For H2SO4 concentration at 5% (10.33 ± 2), H2SO4 at 10% (9.33 ± 1.8), and H2SO4 at 20% (6.33 ± 2). The acidity analysis for the ethanol obtained from each treatment gave a value of 1.8 mg/L of acetic acid in all cases.

关键词： Lignocellulosic Ethanol Lignocellulosic Biomass Camalote Grass Acid Hydrolysis Energy Crops

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当代中国人群牙齿可观测特征的多样性研究

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基因组学与应用生物学 2024年第1期43卷 150-171页

作者：罗浩陈颖洁杨光睿 Kaustubh Adhikari 夏斌 Andrés ruiz-Linares Miguel Delgado 复旦大学生命科学学院现代人类学教育部重点实验室人类遗传学与人类学系上海200438 开放大学科学技术工程和数学学院数学与统计学院英国伦敦MK76AA 北京大学口腔医学院北京100086 拉普拉塔国立大学自然科学及博物馆学院人类学科阿根廷拉普拉塔1900

本研究基于当代中国人群3D牙齿模型数据,参照拉美人群进化和多样性研究联合会(consortium for the analysis of the diversity and evolution of Latin America,CANDELA)所使用的牙齿特征点标记方法,使用牙齿特征点间的欧几里得线性距离... 详细信息

本研究基于当代中国人群3D牙齿模型数据,参照拉美人群进化和多样性研究联合会(consortium for the analysis of the diversity and evolution of Latin America,CANDELA)所使用的牙齿特征点标记方法,使用牙齿特征点间的欧几里得线性距离(Euclidean linear distances,ELD)表示的牙齿表型作为牙齿可观测特征的度量,探究个体因素(年龄、性别)和群体因素(民族)对当代中国人群牙齿可观测特征多样性的影响。通过对牙齿标记特征点的典型变量分析(canonical variate analysis,CVA)、交叉验证(cross validation,CV)、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)以及对牙齿表型的Pearson相关性分析和差异分析,本研究发现进化上相近的群体牙齿可观测特征往往更接近。具体来说,汉族的上颌牙齿可观测特征和壮族、苗族较为接近而不同于蒙古族的,而藏族的上、下颌牙齿可观测特征不同于维吾尔族的;南北中汉族牙齿表型的差异具有明确的方向性,下颌牙齿差异比上颌更明显;从性别角度看,男女牙齿表型差异主要体现在尖牙上,男性尖牙平均宽度和高度显著大于女性的;对不同年龄群体的差异分析表明,遗传外因素对牙齿可观测特征的影响主要体现在尖牙、上颌第一磨牙、下颌第一前磨牙上。

关键词：当代中国人群牙齿可观测特征表型差异

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The need to develop tailored tools for improving the quality of thematic bibliometric analyses: Evidence from papers published in Sustainability and Scientometrics

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2023年第4期8卷 10-35页

作者： Alvaro Cabezas-Clavijo Yusnelkis Milanés-Guisado Ruben Alba-ruiz Ángel MDelgado-Vázquez Universidad Internacional de La Rioja(UNIR) Avenida de la Paz137Logroño26006Spain Universidad Pablo de Olavide Ctra.de UtreraKm 1Sevilla41013Spain Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas2Granada 18014Spain

Purpose: The aim of this article is to explore up to seven parameters related to the methodological quality and reproducibility of thematic bibliometric research published in the two most productive journals in bibliometrics, Sustainability(a journal outside the discipline) and Scientometrics, the flagship journal in the ***/methodology/approach: The study identifies the need for developing tailored tools for improving the quality of thematic bibliometric analyses, and presents a framework that can guide the development of such tools. A total of 508 papers are analysed, 77% of Sustainability, and 23% published in Scientometrics, for the 2019-2021 ***: An average of 2.6 shortcomings per paper was found for the whole sample, with an almost identical number of flaws in both journals. Sustainability has more flaws than Scientometrics in four of the seven parameters studied, while Scientometrics has more shortcomings in the remaining three *** limitations: The first limitation of this work is that it is a study of two scientific journals, so the results cannot be directly extrapolated to the set of thematic bibliometric analyses published in journals from all *** implications: We propose the adoption of protocols, guidelines, and other similar tools, adapted to bibliometric practice, which could increase the thoroughness, transparency, and reproducibility of this type of ***/value: These results show considerable room for improvement in terms of the adequate use and breakdown of methodological procedures in thematic bibliometric research, both in journals in the Information Science area and journals outside the discipline.

关键词： Thematic bibliometric analyses Sustainability Scientometrics Reproducibility Methodological quality

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Long-term impact of artificial intelligence on colorectal adenoma detection in high-risk colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 335-342页

作者： Kenneth W chow Matthew T Bell Nicholas Cumpian Maryanne Amour Ryan H Hsu Viktor E Eysselein Neetika Srivastava Michael W Fleischman Sofiya Reicher Department of Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States Department of Bioengineering Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Department of Gastroenterology Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States

BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection rate(ADR)has been demonstrated with artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted ***,data on the real-world appli-cation of AI and its effect on colorectal cancer(CRC)screening outcomes is *** To analyze the long-term impact of AI on a diverse at-risk patient population undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy for positive CRC screening tests or *** AI software(GI Genius,Medtronic)was implemented into the standard proced-ure protocol in November *** was collected on patient demographics,procedure indication,polyp size,location,and *** screening outcomes were evaluated before and at different intervals after AI introduction with one year of *** We evaluated 1008 colonoscopies(278 pre-AI,255 early post-AI,285 established post-AI,and 190 late post-AI).The ADR was 38.1%pre-AI,42.0%early post-AI(P=0.77),40.0%established post-AI(P=0.44),and 39.5%late post-AI(P=0.77).There were no significant differences in polyp detection rate(PDR,baseline 59.7%),advanced ADR(baseline 16.2%),and non-neoplastic PDR(baseline 30.0%)before and after AI *** In patients with an increased pre-test probability of having an abnormal colonoscopy,the current generation of AI did not yield enhanced CRC screening metrics over high-quality *** the potential of AI in colonoscopy is undisputed,current AI technology may not universally elevate screening metrics across all situations and patient *** studies that analyze different AI systems across various patient populations are needed to determine the most effective role of AI in optimizing CRC screening in clinical practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate Screening Colorectal adenoma

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Serum levels of the novel adipokine isthmin-1 are associated with obesity in pubertal boys

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第9期19卷 864-872页

作者： Francisco Javier ruiz‑Ojeda Augusto Anguita‑ruiz Maria C.Rico Rosaura Leis Gloria Bueno Luis A.Moreno Mercedes Gil‑Campos Ángel Gil Concepción M.Aguilera Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Ⅱ School of PharmacyUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA 18012 GranadaSpain Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology“JoséMataix” Center of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of GranadaAvda.del Conocimiento S/N.18016 ArmillaGranadaSpain RG Adipocytes and Metabolism Institute for Diabetes and ObesityHelmholtz Center Munich85764 MunichGermany Barcelona Institute for Global Health ISGlobal08003 BarcelonaSpain CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038)Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ(ISCⅢ)28029 MadridSpain Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition Growth and Development of Galicia(GALINUT)University of Santiago de Compostela(USC)Santiago de CompostelaSpain Pediatric Nutrition Research Group Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela(IDIS)CHUS-USC15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritioPediatric ServiceUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago(CHUS)15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain GENUD Research group Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón(IIS Aragón)University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón(IA2) Universidad de Zaragoza-CITAZaragozaSpain Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa50009 ZaragozaSpain Metabolism and Investigation Unit Reina Sofa University HospitalMaimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba(IMIBIC)University of Córdoba14071 CórdobaSpain

Objectives To evaluate whether there is an association between the serum levels of the novel insulin-like adipokine isthmin-1(ISM1)and obesity-related phenotypes in a population of Spanish children and to investigate the plausible molecular alterations behind the alteration of the serum levels of this protein in children with *** The study population is a sub-cohort of the PUBMEP research project,consisting of a cross-sectional population of 119 pubertal children with overweight(17 boys,19 girls),obesity(20 boys,25 girls),and normal weight(17 boys,21 girls).All subjects were classified into experimental groups according to their sex,obesity,and insulin resistance(IR)*** were counted anthropometry,glucose and lipid metabolism,inflammation and cardiovascular biomarkers as well as isthmin-1(ISM1)serum *** population was intended as a discovery population to elucidate the relationship between obesity and ISM1 levels in ***,the study population had blood whole-genome DNA methylation examined,allowing deepening into the obesity–ISM1 molecular *** Higher serum ISM1 levels were observed in boys with obesity than in normal weight(P=0.004)and overweight(P=0.007)***1 serum levels were positively associated with body mass index(BMI)Z-score(P=0.005)and fat mass(P=0.058)and negatively associated with myeloperoxidase(MPO)(P=0.043)in *** we did not find associations between ISM1 serum levels and metabolic outcomes in girls,which may indicate a putative sexual dimorphism,fat mass was positively associated in all children,including boys and girls(P=0.011).DNA methylation levels in two-enhancer-related CpG sites of ISM1(cg03304641 and cg14269097)were associated with serum levels of ISM1 in *** ISM1 is associated with obesity in boys at the pubertal stage,elucidating how this protein might be of special relevance as a new biomarker of obesity in *** studies including a longitudina

关键词： Children Epigenetics Isthmin-1 Obesity Puberty

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