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Intraguild niche partitioning in granivorous birds from the late past

Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： Ana B.navarro Juliano A.Bogoni Marcelo Z.Moreira Luís F.silveira Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de sāo Paulo Secāo de AvesAvNazaré48104263-000São PauloSPBrazil Universidade de sāo Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura"Luiz de Queiroz"Departamento de Ciências FlorestaisLaboratório de EcologiaManejo e Conservacāo de Fauna Silvestre(LEMaC)Av.Pádua Dias 1113418-900PiracicabaSPBrazil Universidade de sāo Paulo Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaLaboratório de Ecologia IsotópicaAv.Centenário 30313416-903PiracicabaSPBrazil

Niche partitioning is a widespread ecological strategy within trophic guilds,ensuring the coexistence of sympatric species by reducing interspecific *** isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen and isotopic niche metrics(width and overlap)are used as a proxy to investigate niche partitioning among species of a *** our study,we investigated if niche partitioning was an ecological mechanism contributing to the coexistence of granivorous birds from the same geographic region along time,employing an isotopic *** sampled and isotopically analyzed(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N values)wing feathers from 58 specimens of granivorous birds collected between 1900 and 1966 in southeastern *** grouped birds according to the main habitat type used by them(forest:Cyanoloxia brissonii,Leptotila and Leptotila verreauxi;and grassland:Columbina squammata and sicalis flaveola).We used the Isotopic Richness(IRic)metric to measure the isotopic niche width and the Isotopic similarity(Isim)and Isotopic Nestedness(INes)metrics to measure the niche overlap between groups and *** results of low isotopic niche overlap suggest that common granivorous birds had a clear niche partitioning in southeastern Brazil in the late past,especially through foraging in distinct habitat types(forest and grassland;Isim=0.1,INes=0.2).Niche overlaps in almost all species-by-species comparisons were low(Isim≤0.3,INes≤0.4),except between *** and ***(Isim=0.6,INes=1.0).These results suggest that these birds,belonging to the same trophic guild,coexisted through niche and resource *** being considered a plastic trophic guild,the isotopic niche partitioning among granivorous birds indicates that each of these species uses a set of specific resources and *** raises an ecological concern about the homogenization of landscapes across the Neotropics,oversimplifying food resources and habitats to granivorous birds.

关键词： Atlantic forest Avian ecology Cerrado Community ecology Diet Foraging ecology Habitat use Trophic relations

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CD47:a new player in phagocytosis and xenograft rejection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第4期8卷 285-288页

作者： Nalu navarro-Alvarez Yong-Guang Yang Columbia Center for Translational Immunology Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA

Organ transplantation is limited by the availability of human donor *** transplantation of organs and tissues from other species(xenotransplantation)would supply an unlimited number of organs and offer many other advantages for which the pig has been identified as the most suitable ***,the robust immune responses to xenografts remain a major obstacle to clinical application of *** more vigorous xenograft rejection relative to allograft rejection is largely accounted for by the extensive genetic disparities between the donor and *** activate host immunity not only by expressing immunogenic xenoantigens that provide the targets for immune recognition and rejection,but also by lacking ligands for the host immune inhibitory *** review is focused on recent findings regarding the role of CD47,a ligand of an immune inhibitory receptor,signal regulatory protein alpha(sIRPa),in phagocytosis and xenograft rejection.

关键词： CD47 macrophage signal-regulatory protein alpha xenotransplantation

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Effect of malathion on the male reproductive organs of earthworms, Eisenia foetida

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第1期7卷 97-101,页

作者： Omar Espinoza-navarro Eduardo Bustos-Obregon Department of Biology and Health Faculty of Sciences University of Tarapacd Arica Chile Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction ICBM Faculty of Medicine University of Chile Santiago Chile

Aim: To observe the cytotoxic effect of the organophosphate insecticide malathion in the reproductive tissues of the earthworms, Eisenia foetida. Methods: Worms were nourished in soil treated with malathion at single sub-lethal doses of 0, 80, 150, 300 and 600 mg-kg^(-1) soil. (LD_(50) = 880 mg kg^(-1) soil) and evaluated on days 1, 5, 15 and 30 after exposure. The body weights were recorded and male reproductive organs evaluated. Results: Malathion-treated animals showed a significant reduction in body weight in a dose-dependent manner. Malathion treatment modified the disposition of spermatozoa in the basal epithelium of the spermatheca. The Br-deoxyuridine test showed a significant rise in cells in phase s on days 5 and 15. Also, a higher percentage of spermatogonia with fragmented DNA were observed by means of the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) technique in the spermatheca of treated animals. Conclusion: Treatment with malathion decreased the body weight and the spermatic viability in spermatheca, altering the cell proliferation and modifying the DNA structure of spermatogonia.

关键词： Eiseniafoetida malathion reproductive organs apoptosis

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Citation distributions and research evaluations:The impossibility of formulating a universal indicator

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Journal of Data and Information science 2024年第4期9卷 24-48页

作者： Alonso Rodríguez-navarro Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology Polytechnic University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain

Purpose:To analyze the diversity of citation distributions to publications in different research topics to investigate the accuracy of size-independent,rank-based *** top percentile-based indicators are the most common indicators of this type,and the evaluations of Japan are the most evident ***/methodology/approach:The distributions of citations to publications from countries and journals in several research topics were analyzed along with the corresponding global publications using histograms with logarithmic binning,double rank plots,and normal probability plots of log-transformed numbers of ***:size-independent,top percentile-based indicators are accurate when the global ranks of local publications fit a power law,but deviations in the least cited papers are frequent in countries and occur in all journals with high impact *** these cases,a single indicator is *** of the proportions of uncited papers are the best way to predict these *** limitations:This study is fundamentally analytical,and its results describe mathematical facts that are *** implications:Respectable institutions,such as the OECD,the European Commission,and the *** science Board,produce research country rankings and individual evaluations using size-independent percentile indicators that are misleading in many *** misleading evaluations should be discontinued because they can cause confusion among research policymakers and lead to incorrect research ***/value:studies linking the lower tail of citation distribution,including uncited papers,to percentile research indicators have not been performed *** present results demonstrate that studies of this type are necessary to find reliable procedures for research assessments.

关键词： scientometrics Research assessment Research indicators Citation distribution Rank analysis

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Temperature changes in the root ecosystem affect plant functionality

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 197-214页

作者： Mary Paz González-García Carlos M.Conesa Alberto Lozano-Enguita Victoria Baca-González Bárbara simancas sara navarro-Neila María sánchez-Bermúdez Isai salas-González Elena Caro Gabriel Castrillo Juan C.del Pozo Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(UPM-INIA/CsIC) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agrariay Alimentaria-CSIC(INIA/CSIC)Campus Montegancedo28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 MadridSpain Undergraduate Program in Genomic sciences Center for Genomics SciencesUniversidad Nacional Autonóma de MéxicoAv.Universidad s/n.Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62210MorelosMéxico Future Food Beacon of Excellence&school of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonUK

Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme heat events that aggravate its negative impact on plant development and agricultural *** experiments designed to study plant adaption to heat stress apply homogeneous high temperatures to both shoot and ***,this treatment does not mimic the conditions in natural fields,where roots grow in a dark environment with a descending temperature *** high temperatures severely decrease cell division in the root meristem,compromising root growth,while increasing the division of quiescent center cells,likely in an attempt to maintain the stem cell niche under such harsh ***,we engineered the TGRooZ,a device that generates a temperature gradient for in vitro or greenhouse growth *** root systems of plants exposed to high shoot temperatures but cultivated in theTGRooZ grow efficiently and maintain their functionality to sustain proper shoot growth and ***,gene expression and rhizosphere or root microbiomecomposition are significantly less affected in TGRooZ-grown roots than in high-temperature-grown roots,correlating with higher root *** data indicate that use of the TGRooZ in heat-stress studies can improve our knowledge of plant response to high temperatures,demonstrating its applicability from laboratory studies to the field.

关键词： heat stress root temperature gradient nutrition gene expression microbiome

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Disturbance and forest recovery in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve,Mexico

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1551-1566页

作者： Jose Lopez-Garcıa Rafael M.navarro-Cerrillo Instituto de Geografıa Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaC.P.04510 CoyoacanDFMexico Departamento de Ingenierıa Forestal Universidad de CordobaCampus de RabanalesCarretera Nacional IV km 39614014 CordobaSpain

Analysis of the change in forest cover is important to determine stand dynamics and the processes involved in disturbance and *** of the core zone of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve were studied using photo interpretation techniques,considering biennial changes between 1999 and 2013 and changes over the whole period of study 1999–*** matrices were elaborated to determine the processes of change involved in both recovery and *** biennial changes for the whole period amounted to 2274 ha;343 ha accounted as degraded in more than one biennial *** total changes in forest cover between 1999 and 2013 involved 4902 ha,out of which,2912 ha were affected by disturbance,and 1990 ha were *** density and 2013 vegetation cover maps,the overall accuracy was 95.6%and 90.2%,*** combining both maps,gradual processes were revealed that were not evident in separate *** methodology is useful for the management and conservation of natural protected areas.

关键词： Illegal logging Forest density change Forest recovery Conifer forests Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve

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Association of COL1A1 rs180012 sNP and Fibromyalgia suggests the Implication of Collagen structure in Musculoskeletal Pain

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 83-89页

作者： Isabel navarro-Vera José Antonio Casajús Manuel J. López-Pérez Carmen Díez-sánchez Departamento de Bioquímica Biología Molecular y Celular Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain Departamento de Genética Molecular Citogen Zaragoza Spain Departmento de Fisiatría y Enfermería Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y el Deporte Universidad de Zaragoza. Zaragoza Spain Departamento de Bioquímica Biología Molecular y Celular—Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)—Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Zaragoza Spain

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, chronic condition, which causes widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and a variety of other symptoms. Many polymorphisms related to neuroendocrine system function as the ApoE isoforms, Val158Met polymorphism in COMT, as well as a 44 bp deletion located in 5-HTTLPR, have been studied. Other polymorphisms have been related to inflammatory response such as the 70 bp VNTR in IL-4 or to citokine levels. Furthermore, some studies focused on finding out new FM related sNPs, have been performed by genome wide association scan (GWAs). The target of this work was to study a possible linkage of a collagen type I polymorphism (COL1A1 rs180012 sNP) affecting bone mineralization, with fibromyalgia. Results obtained show a clear association of ss homozygous genotype with FM patients no dependent on bone mineralization.

关键词： Fibromyalgia Genotype Collagen Bone Mineral Density sP1

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Foraging, feeding, and physiological stress responses of wild wood mice to increased illumination and common genet cues

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 409-417页

作者： Alvaro navarro-CAsTILLA Isabel BARJA Mario DíAZ Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Darwin 2 Campus Universitario de Cantolanco Madrid 28049 Spain Department of Biogeography and Global Change Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSIC Madrid 28006 Spain

In nature, animals are exposed to a broad range of threats imposed by predators, which may strongly influence the ecology of prey species directly or indirectly by affecting their behavior via fear of predation. Here, we studied wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus behavioral and physiological responses to simulated predation risk. Risk avoidance was analyzed by live trapping with control traps and traps treated with feces of common genet Genetta genetta （direct cue of risk） under new moon nights and following by simulated full moon conditions （indirect cue）. The time devoted to foraging behavior and capture time were analyzed by video recording mice activity around traps. Food intake was calculated based on the amount of bait remaining in each trap. Fecal cortico- sterone metabolites （FCMs） were measured by enzyme-immunoassay as indicators of physio- logical stress responses. Fewer wood mice were captured during full moon, yet only non-breeding adult males clearly avoided common genet odor. Mice were captured sooner at night during the simulated full moon conditions and later in predator-treated traps. Foraging activity was lower when individuals faced predator＇s feces, but neither food intake nor FCM levels were affected by predation risk cues. Direct and indirect cues of predation risk selectively affected wood mice behavior, although behavioral responses seem to be modulated by different costs-benefit balances related to the individual＇s perception of risk. The lack of physiological responses to predation risk cues suggests that wood mice did not perceive them as reliable stressors or the response was too small or transient to be measured by FCM.

关键词： common genet fecal predator cues feeding foraging moonlight predator avoidance

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A Note on Extreme Points in Dual spaces

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2013年第3期29卷 471-476页

作者： Juan Francisco MENA-JURADO Juan Carlos navarro-PAsCUAL Departamento de Análisis Matemático Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Departamento de lgebra y Análisis Matemático Universidad de Almería

Given a normed space X it can be easily proven that every extreme point in Bx＊, the unit ball of X＊, is the restriction of an extreme point in Bx Our purpose is to study when the restrictions of extreme points in B... 详细信息

关键词： Extreme point Ll-predual M-ideal

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A script-Based Prototyping Framework to Boost Agile-UX Developments

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2016年第6期31卷 1246-1261页

作者： Pedro Luis Mateo navarro Gregorio Martinez Perez Diego sevilla Ruiz Catedra sociedad Anonima de Electrdnica submarina ( sAEs) Laboratories University of Murcia Murcia 30100 Spain

Prototypes are described as a successful mechanism to incorporate user-experience design （UX） into Agile de- velopments, but their integration into such developments is not exempt from difficulties. Prototypes and final applications are often developed using different tools, which hinders the collaboration between designers and developers and also compli- cates reuse. Moreover, integrating stakeholders such as clients and users into the Agile process of designing, evaluating, and refining a prototype is not straightforward mainly because of its iterative nature. In an attempt to tackle these problems, this work presents the design and implementation of a new framework in which scripting languages are used to code prototyped behaviors. Prototyping is then treated as a separate aspect that coexists and runs together with final functionality. Using this framework communication is enhanced because designers and developers work in parallel on the same software artifact. Prototypes are fully reused and iteratively added with final functionality while prototyped behaviors are removed. They can be also modified on the fly to implement participatory design techniques.

关键词： prototype Agile development aspect-oriented development scripting language participatory design

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