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Faecal immunochemical test outside colorectal cancer screening?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第38期27卷 6415-6429页

作者： Noel Pin-Vieito Manuel Puga Daniel fernández-de-Castro Joaquín Cubiella Department of Gastroenterology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de OurenseInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia SurCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd)Ourense 32005Spain

Faecal immunochemical tests(FITs)are the most widely colorectal cancer(CRC)diagnostic biomarker *** population screening programmes are based on this biomarker,with the goal of reducing CRC ***,in recent years,a large amount of evidence has been produced on the use of FIT to detect CRC in patients with abdominal symptoms in primary healthcare as well as in surveillance after adenoma *** aim of this review is to highlight the available evidence on these two *** will summarize the evidence on diagnostic yield in symptomatic patients with CRC and significant colonic lesion and the different options to use this(thresholds,brands,number of determinations,prediction models and combinations).We will include recommendations on FIT strategies in primary healthcare proposed by regulatory bodies and scientific societies and their potential effects on healthcare resources and CRC ***,we will show information regarding FIT-based surveillance as an alternative to endoscopic surveillance after high-risk polyp *** conclude,due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,FIT-based strategies have become extremely relevant since they enable a reduction of colonoscopy demand and access to the healthcare system by selecting individuals with the highest risk of CRC.

关键词： Adenoma Colorectal cancer Diagnostic performance Faecal biomarkers Faecal haemoglobin Faecal immunochemical test Primary healthcare

Fluoroquinolones for the treatment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第26期25卷 3291-3298页

作者： Jose Tiago Silva Rafael San-Juan Mario fernández-Ruiz José María Aguado Unit of Infectious Diseases Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre" Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (imas12) School of Medicine Universidad Complutense

Solid organ transplantation(SOT)is the best treatment option for end-stage organ *** immunosuppressive agents have reduced the incidence of graft rejection but have increased the risk of infection,particularly due to the reactivation of latent infections due to opportunistic agents such as Mycobacterium *** tuberculosis(TB)after SOT is a significant cause of morbidity and *** cases of posttransplant TB are secondary to reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)due to the effects of long-term immunosuppressive *** minimization strategies have been developed to diagnose LTBI and initiate treatment prior to *** with vitamin B6 supplementation is the treatment of ***,liver transplantation(LT)candidates and recipients have an increased risk of isoniazid-induced liver toxicity,leading to lower treatment completion rates than in other SOT ***(FQs)exhibit good in vitro antimycobacterial activity and a lower risk of drug-induced liver injury than *** the present review,we highlight the disease burden posed by posttransplant TB and summarize the emerging clinical evidence supporting the use of FQs for the treatment of LTBI in LT recipients and candidates.

关键词： Fluoroquinolones Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latent tuberculosis infection Liver transplantation Drug-induced liver graft injury

A new oxidative pathway of nitric oxide production from oximes in plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 178-198页

作者： Pedro Lopez-Gomez Javier Buezo Marina Urra Alfonso Cornejo Raquel Esteban Jorge fernandez de los Reyes Estibaliz Urarte Estefania Rodriguez-Dobreva Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia Alejandro Eguaras Sebastian Wolf Daniel Marino Victor Martinez-Merino Jose F.Moran Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology(IMAB) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Avda.de Pamplona 12331192 MutilvaSpain Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics(INAMAT2) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Campus de Arosadia31006 PamplonaSpain Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Sarriena s/nApdo.64448080 BilbaoSpain Center for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP) University of TubingenGeschwister-Scholl-Platz72074 TubingenGermany Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca(IRNASA) Department of Plant-Microorganism InteractionsSpanish National Research Council(CSIC)Cordel de Merinas40-5237008SalamancaSpain Department of Biochemistry Area of Molecular BiologyVeterinary FacultyUniversity of LeonCampus de Vegazanas/n.24071 LeonSpain

Nitric oxide(NO)is an essential reactive oxygen species and a signal molecule in *** several studies have proposed the occurrence of oxidative NO production,only reductive routes for NO production,such as the nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))-upper-reductase pathway,have been evidenced to date in land ***,plants grown axenically with ammonium as the sole source of nitrogen exhibit contents of nitrite and NO3−,evidencing the existence of a metabolic pathway for oxidative production of *** hypothesized that oximes,such as indole-3-acetaldoxime(IAOx),a precursor to indole-3-acetic acid,are intermediate oxidation products in NO *** detected the production of NO from IAOx and other oximes catalyzed by peroxidase(POD)enzyme using both 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorescein fluorescence and *** stimulated the reaction,while superoxide dismutase inhibited ***,mouse NO synthase can also use IAOx to produce NO at a lower rate than *** provided a full mechanism for POD-dependent NO production from IAOx consistent with the experimental data and supported by density functional theory *** showed that the addition of IAOx to extracts from Medicago truncatula increased the in vitro production of NO,while in vivo supplementation of IAOx and other oximes increased the number of lateral roots,as shown for NO donors,and a more than 10-fold increase in IAOx dehydratase ***,we found that in vivo supplementation of IAOx increased NO production in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants,while prx33-34 mutant plants,defective in POD33-34,had reduced *** data show that the release of NO by IAOx,as well as its auxinic effect,explain the superroot ***,our study reveals that plants produce NO utilizing diverse molecules such as oximes,POD,and flavins,which are widely distributed in the plant kingdom,thus introducing a long-awaited oxidative pathway to NO production in plants.T

关键词： ammonium oxidation auxin nitric oxide oxime peroxidase root phenotype

Spatial distribution of morphometric parameters of glacial cirques in the Central Pyrenees(Aran and Boí valleys)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2103-2119页

作者： Luis LOPES Marc OLIVA Marcelo fernANDES Paulo PEREIRA Pedro PALMA Jesús RUIZ-fernández Centre for Geographical Studies – igoT Universidade de Lisboa Department of Geography University of Barcelona Environmental Management Center Mykolas Romeris University Department of Geography University of Oviedo

Glacial cirques are typical landscape features of mid-latitude mountain environments like the Central Pyrenees. Their morphology as well as their spatial distribution provides insights about past glaciers and climates. In this study, we examine the distribution, morphometrical and topographical characteristics of glacial cirques in two U-shaped glacial valleys located in the Central Pyrenees – the Aran and the Boí valleys. They are located in different aspects of this mountain range(north vs south) under different climatic influences that promoted distinct glaciation patterns during the late Pleistocene. The spatial mapping of these landforms was carried out using high-resolution imagery and field observations. We analysed the data of the morphometrical and topographical variables of the glacial cirques by using different statistical and geospatial methods in order tounveil the factors controlling their formation and development. A total of 186 glacial cirques were mapped in the study area, including 119 in the Aran and 67 in the Boí valleys. The local topography and microclimate conditions lead to substantial differences in both areas in terms of the morphology and dimensions of the cirques. Glacial cirques in Boí are distributed at slightly higher elevations than in Aran and they are also larger, though their dimensions decrease with elevation in both valleys. Aran cirques are mostly oriented NE, while Boí landforms do not show any prevailing aspect. Even though lithology does not control the distribution of the glacial cirques, some specific lithological settings may favour the development of larger cirques. In general, glacial cirques in the Aran and the Boí valleys show morphometrical properties similar to those reported in other mid-latitude mountain ranges.

关键词： Central Pyrenees Aran and Boi valleys glacial cirques topography morphometry.

Signals and Strategies Used by Successful Clothing Brands’ in Chinese E-Market Taobao

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Signals and Strategies Used by Successful Clothing Brands’ ...

作者： Rosa Blanca Cecilia Rigual fernández 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

This research aims to investigate the practices and business strategies used by clothing brands in the Chinese online marketplace *** purpose is to identify the signals and strategies that successful online clothing brands use,and that differentiate a high performance sellers from a low performance *** research topic provides interest to all the online community that uses the Internet as a means of product commercialization,and especially to those who aim to establish their own online ***,it is significant to realize a research that focuses on the seller’s perspective,instead of the buyer’s perspective,which is the case of most related ***,the research gathers a complete list of successful proven practices and strategies used by online sellers,that has never been developed ***: The use and importance of the Internet has increased radically over the years,which has led to a change on the way goods are commercialized.E-auction companies,such as e Bay and Taobao,have gained force and continue to develop *** new business model has certainly changed commerce for many companies and *** growth of e-marketplaces is followed by the tough competition between online *** businesses,from small family companies to big corporations,have realized the potential of the Internet auctions to strengthen their ***,the great amount and easy accessibility to the information on the Internet,has strengthened the buyers′ position in these *** sellers,have therefore,been in the need to develop and implement different practices and strategies that could allow them to stay ahead of the increasingly fierce competition,and to deal with information asymmetry,characteristic of today’s *** the nature and extent of the signals and strategies used by successful emarketplace sellers will help existing and new online retailers assess their potential as third par

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Preparation and Microstructural Characterization of Activated Carbon-Metal Oxide Hybrid Catalysts:New Insights into Reaction Paths

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第8期31卷 806-814页

作者： A.Barroso-Bogeat M.Alexandre-Franco C.fernndez-Gonzlez V.Gómez-Serrano Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Extremadura

In catalysis processes, activated carbon （AC） and metal oxides （MOs） are widely used either as catalysts or as catalyst supports because of their unique properties. A combination of AC and MO nanoparticles in a single hybrid material usually entails both chemical and microstructural changes, which may largely influence the potential catalytic suitability and performance of the resulting product. Here, the prepa- ration of a wide series of AC-MO hybrid catalysts is studied. Three series of such catalysts are prepared by support first of MO （Al2O3, Fe2O3, SnO2, TiO2, WO3, and ZnO） precursors on a granular AC by wet impregnation and oven-drying at 120 ℃, and by subsequent heat treatment at 200 or 850℃ in inert atmosphere. Both the chemical composition and microstructure are mainly investigated by powder X-ray diffraction. Yield and ash content are often strongly dependent on the MO precursor and heat treatment temperature, in particular for the Sn catalysts. With the temperature rise, trends are towards the transformation of metal hydroxides into metal oxides, crystallinity improvement, and occurrence of drastic composition changes, ultimately leading to the formation of metals in elemental state and even metal carbides. Reaction paths during the preparation are explored for various hybrid catalysts and new insights into them are provided.

关键词： Activated carbon Metal oxides Hybrid catalysts Preparation Microstructural characterization X-ray diffraction

Loneliness in Older Chilean People: Importance of Family Dysfunction and Depression

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第1期23卷 99-109页

作者： Marcela Carrasco MBeatriz fernández Emma Alexander MSoledad Herrera School of Medicine Faculty of MedicinePontificia Universidad Católica de ChileMember of“Centro UC Estudios de Vejez y Envejecimiento”Centre for the Study of AgeingSantiago8330033Chile Institute of Sociology Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileMember of“Centro UC Estudios de Vejez y Envejecimiento”Centre for the Study of AgeingSantiago7820436Chile School of Medicine Facultad de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago8330033Chile

Loneliness is considered a public health problem that negatively affects wellbeing,especially in the older *** Latin-American countries,most of the older population live with their *** this is thought to diminish feelings of loneliness,there is scarce data to support *** objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of loneliness and evaluate its association with objective social networks,family functioning and perception of social support,in a sample of older people from Santiago,Chile.A survey was conducted of a representative sample of community older people(60–97 years)from Santiago,Chile,using the UCLA abbreviated scale of *** regression was performed to test the variables related to the loneliness of older people.A total of 1,217 older people were interviewed.88%were living with at least one person at home and 92%had living *** the UCLA abbreviated scale,45%were found to perceive feelings of loneliness at least some of the *** regression showed significant association between loneliness and family dysfunction;depressive symptoms;living alone;not having a partner(widowed,separated or single);having little contact with relatives and friends;feeling a lack of social support;and sensation of poor *** is a prevalent public health problem in this older Latin-American *** accompanied does not protect against loneliness,particularly in vulnerable groups such as those with depression,or when there are family conﬂ*** high prevalence of loneliness strongly conveys the need for public health policies to address loneliness in older people.

关键词： Ageing family relations loneliness social support

Solar Energy in Qinghai and Andalusia:the Role of the State in the Chinese Success

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Solar Energy in Qinghai and Andalusia:the Role of the State ...

作者： Désirée Nieto fernández 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

Sustainability is nowadays not only a concept for environmentalists,but a transformation goal for developed countries and the best development option for developing countries *** means going forward while being respectful with the planet,being *** seemingly contradictive nature of today’s capitalist world and a green lifestyle are still a matter of debate,for which this paper provides an answer: a green market economy stage fuelled by *** energy to power society’s development,while driving away the main cause of pollution,will be the key to a transition *** power,more specifically,will reign among the energy sources of the future *** only the current drops in solar prices are causing springs of new policies and incentives,but solar is the best solution for millions of people living in communities without access to a grid,who in turn generate more pollution by burning traditional unhealthy energy *** is considered as the equivalent of a market economy in this paper,without any other political connotation,since ecological capitalism simply aims to achieve green economic growth through use of the current global market practices,without challenging any political *** the success of green capitalism is of paramount importance for countries to believe in the green measures they are undertaking and the sustainable world they are aiming *** combination of a new statist approach where the government is the main driver of change shows that sustainability in the form of publicly supported capitalism can be green,as long as it acts as a transition towards a greener and more inclusive *** countries around the world can aim for a reality,and it starts with the energy system.

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Planetary Gear Profile Modification Design Based on Load Sharing Modelling

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第4期28卷 810-820页

作者： IGLESIAS Miguel fernández DEL RINCóN Alfonso DE-JUAN Ana Magdalena GARCIA Pablo DIEZ Alberto VIADERO fernando Mechanical Engineering Research Group University of Cantabria

In order to satisfy the increasing demand on high performance planetary transmissions, an important line of research is focused on the understanding of some of the underlying phenomena involved in this mechanical system. Through the development of models capable of reproduce the system behavior, research in this area contributes to improve gear transmission insight, helping developing better maintenance practices and more efficient design processes. A planetary gear model used for the design of profile modifications ratio based on the levelling of the load sharing ratio is presented. The gear profile geometry definition, following a vectorial approach that mimics the real cutting process of gears, is thoroughly described. Teeth undercutting and hypotrochoid definition are implicitly considered, and a procedure for the incorporation of a rounding arc at the tooth tip in order to deal with corner contacts is described. A procedure for the modeling of profile deviations is presented, which can be used for the introduction of both manufacturing errors and designed profile modifications. An easy and flexible implementation of the profile deviation within the planetary model is accomplished based on the geometric overlapping. The contact force calculation and dynamic implementation used in the model are also introduced, and parameters from a real transmission for agricultural applications are presented for the application example. A set of reliefs is designed based on the levelling of the load sharing ratio for the example transmission, and finally some other important dynamic factors of the transmission are analyzed to assess the changes in the dynamic behavior with respect to the non-modified case. Thus, the main innovative aspect of the proposed planetary transmission model is the capacity of providing a simulated load sharing ratio which serves as design variable for the calculation of the tooth profile modifications.

关键词： transmission planetary gear load sharing relief profile modification