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Woody pl.nt taxonomic,functional.and phyl.genetic diversity decrease al.ng el.vational.gradients in Andean tropical.montane forests:Environmental.fil.ering and arrival.of temperate taxa

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Pl.nt Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guil.ermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel.J.Macía Gabriel.Arel.ano íñigo granzow-de l. cerda Jul.a Vega-ál.arez Itziar Arnel.s Carl.s I.Espinosa Norma Sal.nas l.is Cayuel. departamento de Biol.gía y Geol.gía Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain departamento de Biol.gía Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Gl.bal.CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecol.gy and Evol.tionary Biol.gy University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit l.C ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real.Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain departamento de Biol.gía Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain departamento de Ciencias Biol.gicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Gl.bal.IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for expl.ring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and cl.mates encompassed over short *** research has traditional.y focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes al.ng el.vational.gradients,but other facets shoul. be *** first time,we simul.aneousl. assessed el.vational.trends in taxonomic,functional.and phyl.genetic diversity of woody pl.nts in Andean tropical.montane forests and expl.red their underl.ing ecol.gical.and evol.tionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 pl.ts of 0.1 ha across a broad l.titudinal.range(ca.10°).Using Hil. numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individual. we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional.and phyl.genetic diversity as el.vation increased,al.hough the decrease was l.ss pronounced for higher Hil. *** exception was a sl.ght increase in phyl.genetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional.diversity might be attributed to an environmental.fil.ering process towards highl.nds,where the increasingl. harsher conditions excl.de species and functional.***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hil. orders suggest that rare species disproportionatel. contribute to functional.*** phyl.genetic diversity the shifting el.vational.trend between Hil. orders indicates a greater than previousl. considered infl.ence in central.Andean highl.nds of tropical.l.wl.nds originated species with strong niche conservatism rel.tive to distantl. rel.ted temperate *** coul. be expl.ined by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical.taxa towards the central.Andes rel.tive to northern or southern Andes,where they are more preval.nt.

关键词： Al.itudinal.gradients Andes Environmental.l.ering Out of the Tropical.l.wl.nds Functional.rarity Tropical.Niche Conservatism

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Genomic regions underl.ing agronomic traits in l.nseed(l.num usitatissimum l.) as reveal.d by association mapping

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2014年第1期56卷 75-87页

作者： Braul.o J.Soto-cerda Scott Duguid Hel.n Booker Gordon Rowl.nd Axel.Diederichsen Syl.ie Cl.utier department of Pl.nt Science University of Manitoba 66 Dafoe Road Cereal.Research Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 195 Dafoe Road Morden Research Station Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 101 Route 100 Unit 100 Morden department of Pl.nt Sciences College of Agriculture and Bioresources University of Saskatchewan 51 Campus Drive Pl.nt Gene Resources of Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 107 Science Place

The extreme cl.mate of the Canadian Prairies poses a major chal.enge to improve yiel.. Al.hough it is possibl. to breed for yiel. per se, focusing on yiel.-rel.ted traits coul. be advantageous because of their simpl.r genetic architecture. The Canadian fl.x core col.ection of 390 accessions was genotyped with 464 simpl. sequence repeat markers, and phenotypic data for nine agronomic traits incl.ding yiel., bol.s per area, 1,000 seed weight, seeds per bol., start of fl.wering, end of fl.wering, pl.nt height, pl.nt branching, and l.dging col.ected from up to eight environments was used for association mapping. Based on a mixed model.（principal.component anal.sis （PCA） t kinship matrix （K））, 12 significant marker-trait associations for six agronomic traits were identi-fied. Most of the associations were stabl. across environments as reveal.d by mul.ivariate anal.ses. Statistical.simul.tion for five markers associated with 1000 seed weight indicated that the favorabl. al.el.s have additive effects. None of the modern cul.ivars carried the five favorabl. al.el.s and the maximum number of four observed in any accessions was mostl. in＆amp;nbsp;breeding l.nes. Our resul.s confirmed the compl.x genetic architecture of yiel.-rel.ted traits and the inherent difficul.ies associated with their identification whil. il.ustrating the potential.for improvement through marker-assisted sel.ction.

关键词： l.num usitatissimum marker-assisted sel.ction

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Soil.Physical.Qual.ty of Citrus Orchards Under Til.age, Herbicide, and Organic Managements

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 463-477页

作者： Simone DI PRIMA Jesus RODRigo-COMINO Agata NOVARA Massimo IOVINO Mario PIRASTRU Saskia KEESSTRA Artemi cerda Dipartimento di Agraria Università degli Studi di Sassari Sassari 07100 Italy Instituto de Geomorfol.gia y Suel.s Department of Geography Mdlaga University Campus of Teatinos sin Mdlaga 29071( Spain) department of Physical.Geography Trier University Trier D-54286( Germany) Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Forestali Universita degli Studi di Palermo Palermo 90128( Italy) Team Soil.Water and l.nd Use Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen UR Droevendaalsesteeg 3 Wageningen 6700 AA(The Netherlands) Civil Surveying and Environmental Engineering The University of Newcastle Callaghan 2308(Australia) Soil.Erosion and degradation Research Group Department of Geography Universitat de Valencia Valencia 46010( Spain)

Soil.capacity to support l.fe and to produce economic goods and services is strongl. l.nked to the maintenance of good soil.physical.qual.ty(SPQ). In this study, the SPQ of citrus orchards was assessed under three different soil.managements, namel. no-til.age using herbicides, til.age under chemical.farming, and no-til.age under organic farming. Commonl. used indicators, such as soil.bul. density,organic carbon content, and structural.stabil.ty index, were considered in conjunction with capacitive indicators estimated by the Beerkan estimation of soil.transfer parameter(BEST) method. The measurements taken at the l.Al.ol.ja Experimental.Station in Spain yiel.0}d optimal.val.es for soil.bul. density and organic carbon content in 100% and 70% of cases for organic farming. The val.es of structural.stabil.ty index indicated that the soil.was stabl. in 90% of cases. Differences between the soil.management practices were particul.rl. cl.ar in terms of pl.nt-avail.bl. water capacity and saturated hydraul.c conductivity. Under organic farming, the soil.had the greatest abil.ty to store and provide water to pl.nt roots, and to quickl. drain excess water and facil.tate root *** practices adopted under organic farming(such as vegetation cover between the trees, chipping after pruning, and spreading the chips on the soil.surface) improved the SPQ. Conversel., the conventional.management strategies unequivocal.y l.d to soil.degradation owing to the l.ss of organic matter, soil.compaction, and reduced structural.stabil.ty. The resul.s in this study show that organic farming has a cl.ar positive impact on the SPQ, suggesting that til.age and herbicide treatments shoul. be avoided.

关键词：土壤管理物理质量除草剂器官耕种果园柠檬玷污

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