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Back to the drawing board:Overview of the next generation of combination therapy for inflammatory bowel disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第25期30卷 3182-3184页

作者： jeffrey A Lowell Michael j Farber Keith Sultan Department of Medicine Zucker School of Medicine at HofstraNorth Shore University Hospital-Long Island Jewish Medical CenterManhassetNY 11030United States Preclinical Studies New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic MedicineGlen HeadNY 11545United States Division of Gastroenterology Northwell HealthNorth Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical CenterGreat NeckNY 10021United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is entering a potentially new era of combined *** et al provide an insightful review of the current state of combination therapy,with a focus on the use of a combined biologic and immunomodulator,as well as emerging data on the future potential of dual-biologic therapy(DBT).While current evidence for DBT is limited,encouraging safety profiles and ongoing trials suggest a brighter future for this *** importance of controlled trials should be stressed in establishing new treatment *** prospective randomized trials of DBT and perhaps future combinations of biologics and small molecule therapies will hopefully guide the next generation of IBD care.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Biologics Immunomodulators Dual-therapy Combination therapy

Bayesian inference-based wear prediction method for plain bearings under stationary mixed-friction conditions

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1272-1282页

作者： Florian KÖNIG Florian WIRSING Georg jACOBS Rui HE Zhigang TIAN Ming j.ZUO Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G1H9Canada Qingdao International Academician Park Research Institute Qingdao 266000China

This study introduces a method to predict the remaining useful life(RUL)of plain bearings operating under stationary,wear-critical *** this method,the transient wear data of a coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication(mixed-EHL)and wear simulation approach is used to parametrize a statistical,linear degradation *** method incorporates Bayesian inference to update the linear degradation model throughout the runtime and thereby consider the transient,system-dependent wear progression within the RUL prediction.A case study is used to show the suitability of the proposed *** results show that the method can be applied to three distinct types of post-wearing-in behavior:wearing-in with subsequent hydrodynamic,stationary wear,and progressive wear *** hydrodynamic operation leads to an infinite lifetime,the method is successfully applied to predict RUL in cases with stationary and progressive wear.

关键词： plain bearings wear modeling remaining useful life prediction Bayesian inference

Supposition of graphene stacks to estimate the contact resistance and conductivity of nanocomposites

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 663-676页

作者： Y.ZARE M.T.MUNIR G.j.WENG K.Y.RHEE Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Interdisciplinary TechnologiesBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteTehran ***Iran College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila 54200Kuwait Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08903U.S.A. Department of Mechanical Engineering(BK21 Four) College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYongin 446701Republic of Korea

In this study,the effects of stacked nanosheets and the surrounding interphase zone on the resistance of the contact region between nanosheets and the tunneling conductivity of samples are evaluated with developed equations superior to those previously *** contact resistance and nanocomposite conductivity are modeled by several influencing factors,including stack properties,interphase depth,tunneling size,and contact *** developed model's accuracy is verified through numerous experimental *** further validate the models and establish correlations between parameters,the effects of all the variables on contact resistance and nanocomposite conductivity are ***,the contact resistance is primarily dependent on the polymer tunnel resistivity,contact area,and tunneling *** dimensions of the graphene nanosheets significantly influence the conductivity,which ranges from 0 S/m to90 S/*** increased number of nanosheets in stacks and a larger gap between them enhance the nanocomposite's ***,the thicker interphase and smaller tunneling size can lead to higher sample conductivity due to their optimistic effects on the percolation threshold and network efficacy.

关键词： graphene polymer composite stacked nanosheet tunneling conductivity contact resistance interphase

Observability Analysis of Integrated Electricity and Heating Systems with Thermal Quasi-dynamics in Pipelines

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CSEE journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1145-1158页

作者： Zhigang Li Wenjian Zheng junbo Zhao j.H.Zheng Q.H.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Fuzhou Changle District Power Supply Company of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co. Ltd.Fuzhou 350000China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA CSEE IEEE

Observability analysis(OA)is vital to obtaining the available input measurements of state estimation(SE)in an integrated electricity and heating system(IEHS).Considering the thermal quasi-dynamics in pipelines,the measurement equations in heating systems are dependent on the estimated results,leading to an interdependency between OA and *** OA methods require measurement equations be known exactly before SE is performed,and they are not applicable to *** bridge this gap,a scenario-based OA scheme for IEHSs is devised that yields reliable analysis results for a predefined set of time-delay scenarios to cope with this *** its core procedure,the observable state identification and observability restoration are formulated in terms of integer linear *** tests are conducted to demonstrate the validity and superiority of the proposed formulation.

关键词： Integrated electricity and heating system measurement observability analysis state estimation thermal quasi-dynamics

A hydrodynamic modelling of wave-activated bodies for wavelet marine regions

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： j.S.Peh Mohammed W.Muhieldeen N.H.Shuaib Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTechnology&Built EnvironmentUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur56000Malaysia MTC Engineer Sdn.Bhd Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia

Recently,most wave energy research has targeted sea areas with high power density under extreme wave conditions for *** trend often leads to higher energy costs for wave power ***,many marine areas with low power density,characterized by wavelet conditions and less destructive forces than extreme wave conditions,remain ***,this study aimed to propose a wave-activated body model for sea regions with wavelet *** wave-activated body design process encompassed site selection,parameter determination,geometry design,comparison and performance evaluation using the ANSYS®AQWA *** results indicated that the proposed device achieved the desired heave motion,with an amplitude range of 1.2 to-2.5 m,validating its potential for deployment in marine regions with wavelet ***,while the proposed design is optimized for wavelet conditions,it was found to have potential limitations in extreme wave *** observation emphasizes the challenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both ***,it is pivotal for wave-activated body designs to be customized based on the specific ocean conditions they target,underscoring the need for specialized designs of wave energy converters that consider the unique wave characteristics of their deployment sites.

关键词： wave energy converter South China sea renewable and sustainable energy wavelet ANSYS AQWA hydrodynamic wave-activated bodies

Diagnosing health in composite battery electrodes with explainable deep learning and partial charging data

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 256-268页

作者： Haijun Ruan Niall Kirkaldy Gregory j.Offer Billy Wu Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonSW72AZLondonUK Centre for E-Mobility and Clean Growth Research Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15FBUK Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonSW72AZLondonUK The Faraday Institution Harwell Science and Innovation CampusOX110RADidcotUK

Lithium-ion batteries with composite anodes of graphite and silicon are increasingly being used. However, their degradation pathways are complicated due to the blended nature of the electrodes, with graphite and silicon degrading at different rates. Here, we develop a deep learning health diagnostic framework to rapidly quantify and separate the different degradation rates of graphite and silicon in composite anodes using partial charging data. The convolutional neural network (CNN), trained with synthetic data, uses experimental partial charging data to diagnose electrode-level health of tested batteries, with errors of less than 3.1% (corresponding to the loss of active material reaching ∼75%). Sensitivity analysis of the capacity-voltage curve under different degradation modes is performed to provide a physically informed voltage window for diagnostics with partial charging data. By using the gradient-weighted class activation mapping approach, we provide explainable insights into how these CNNs work;highlighting regions of the voltage-curve to which they are most sensitive. Robustness is validated by introducing noise to the data, with no significant negative impact on the diagnostic accuracy for noise levels below 10 mV, thus highlighting the potential for deep learning approaches in the diagnostics of lithium-ion battery performance under real-world conditions. The framework presented here can be generalised to other cell formats and chemistries, providing robust and explainable battery diagnostics for both conventional single material electrodes, but also the more challenging composite electrodes.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Composite electrode Silicon Degradation diagnostic Explainable deep learning Partial charging

Exploring public perception and willingness to pay for a renewable source of energy:evidence from an emerging economy of renewable-energy development

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 177-188页

作者： Mohammed j.K.Bashir Senadjki Abdelhak Wael A.Salah Mai Abuhelwa School of Engineering&Technology Central Queensland University120 Spencer St.MelbourneQLD 3000Australia Faculty of Business and Finance Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanKamparPerakMalaysia Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering and TechnologyPalestine Technical University-KadooriePO Box 7Yafa StreetTulkarmPalestine Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

The study focuses on the transition from conventional energy sources to sustainable renewable energy(RE)in Palestine,particularly in the West Bank and Gaza *** research aims to understand the relationship between key factors and residents’willingness to invest in the RE sector,with a specific focus on the impact of *** the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology,the study analyzes data from 400 residents through a questionnaire and employs ordinary least-squares regression analysis with Eviews *** key findings indicate that residents’inclination to invest in RE is significantly influenced by factors such as resource availability,knowledge level and power ***,the study suggests that educated residents are more likely to invest in RE when factors such as knowledge,effort expectation,enabling conditions and resource availability are relatively *** conclusion emphasizes the importance of policymakers’allocating sufficient funds to research and development to promote technological innovation in RE sources,thereby enhancing the population’s energy efficiency.

关键词： renewable energy technology energy security public perceptions sustainable development

Improving colorectal cancer screening programs

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2849-2851页

作者： Oscar j Cordero Lucia Mosquera-Ferreiro Iria Gomez-Tourino Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CiMUS) University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782GaliciaSpain

In this editorial we comment on the article by Agatsuma et al published in the World journal of *** suggest policies for more effective colorectal *** is the main policy that has led to lower mortality rates in later years among the population that was eligible for *** is the gold standard tool for screening and has preventive effects by removing precancerous or early malignant ***,colonoscopy is an invasive process,and fecal tests such as the current hemoglobin immunodetection were developed,followed by endoscopy,as the general tool for population screening,avoiding logistical and economic *** so,participation and adherence rates are *** screening options are being developed with the idea that if people could choose between the ones that best suit them,participation in population-based screening programs would *** tests,such as a recent one that detects cell-free DNA shed by tumors called circulating tumor DNA,showed a similar accuracy rate to stool tests for cancer,but were less sensitive for advanced precancerous *** the time when the crosstalk between the immune system and cancer was being established as a new hallmark of cancer,novel immune system-related biomarkers and information on patients’immune parameters,such as cell counts of different immune populations,were studied for the early detection of colorectal cancer,since they could be effective in asymptomatic people,appearing earlier in the adenoma-carcinoma development compared to the presence of fecal ***26,for example,detected 80.37%of advanced *** reach as many eligible people as possible,starting at an earlier age than current programs,the direction could be to apply tests based on blood,urine or salivary fluid to samples taken during routine visits to the primary health system.

关键词： Mortality rates Colorectal cancer Screening Biomarker Fecal hemoglobin immunodetection Soluble sCD26 Colonoscopy Immunoscores

The Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)Project in Central Asia:The Case for a Regional Hydroclimate Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： Michael BRODY Maksim KULIKOV Sagynbek ORUNBAEV Peter j.VAN OEVELEN International Agricultural University Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mason University FairfaxVirginia 22030USA University of Central Asia Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American University of Central Asia Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX project George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central Asia consists of the former Soviet Republics,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz Republic,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,and *** region’s climate is continental,mostly semi-arid to *** is a significant part of the region’s *** its nature of intensive water use,agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have significantly increased the demand for water in the *** climate change issues include melting glaciers and a shrinking snowpack,which are the foundation of the region’s water resources,and a changing precipitation *** glaciers are located in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,leading to transboundary water resource *** already has extremely high *** indicate that Central Asia has been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is expected to increase,but its spatial and temporal distribution depends upon specific global *** of future precipitation show significant uncertainties in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Projects(RHPs)are an approach to studying these *** steps to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely distributed online survey about these climate *** was followed up with an online workshop and then,in 2023,an in-person workshop,held in Tashkent,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)project for the region include both observations and modeling,as well as development of better and additional precipitation observations,all of which are topics for the next workshop.A well-designed RHP should lead to reductions in critical climate uncertainties in policy-relevant timeframes that can influence decisions on necessary investments in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central Asia climate change agriculture