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Leptin immune programming: the assembly key between birth weight and future disease?

Medical Theory and Hypothesis 2022年第4期5卷 11-19页

作者： Francisco Alves de Sousa Afonso Castro ângela reis rego Ana Nóbrega Pinto Miguel Bebiano Coutinho Luís Meireles Otorhinolaryngology and Head&Neck surgery Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto4099-001 PortoPortugal

The developmental origins for health and disease concept supports that early life environment can affect future health balance and disease.Findings suggest that birthweight(BW)can be a useful indicator of processes that influence long-term health.In fact,there is increasing evidence associating BW with later-life infections,allergy,autoimmune and cancer diseases.To date,there is no common mechanism to explain BW’s direct influence on disease expression during the life cycle.On the other hand,leptin,a circulating hormone,has been pointed as relevant in many disease pathways,including immunological and oncological,and leptin levels seem to vary directly with BW.We suggest that BW could affect early immune programming through variant early-life leptin hormone levels.It is possible that higher leptin levels in higher BW and lower leptin levels in low BW relate to a shift in Th1 and Th2 responses,accounting for different incidences of infections,allergy,autoimmune and cancers,and raising an integrative hypothesis for the effect of BW on future disease.We hope that our hypothesis concerning the possible role of early life leptin levels on immune programming and future disease can be confirmed by experimental data.

关键词： immune programming birth weight leptin infections allergy cancer

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Hyperacusis and stapes surgery:An observation in fifty patients after stapedotomy

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Journal of Otology 2021年第1期16卷 18-21页

作者： Mariline Santos Angela reis rego Joao Lino Miguel Coutinho Cecília Almeida Sousa Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryCentro Hospitalar Universitario do PortoPortugal

Objective:To assess hyperacusis after stapedotomy and its possible influencing factors.Study design:Prospective,interventional,and longitudinal study.Setting:A tertiary referral center.Patients:Fifty consecutive patients(35 females,mean age=46.8 years).Intervention:All patients underwent stapedotomy.The validated Portuguese version of the“Hyperacusis Questionnaire”(HQ)was administered before and two weeks and one month after surgery.Results:No hyperacusis was reported by any patient before surgery.At two weeks after surgery,all patients experienced hyperacusis,with a mean HQ at 16.88±6.54(range 4e25).One month after surgery,hyperacusis had already resolved in most patients.Gender,preoperative presentation or surgeon had no influence on HQ scores(p>0.05).Patients with previous contralateral stapedotomy showed lower HQ scores(p=0.001).Audiological parameters improvement measured at one month after surgery(PTA,SRT and contralateral SRT)were associated with HQ higher scores.Conclusion:This study confirms that hyperacusis is a common complaint after stapedotomy that usually resolves in one month after surgery.The HQ highest scores were registered among patients with the highest audiological gain after surgery.This suggests that hyperacusis may be a positive prognostic factor for audiological success after stapedotomy.

关键词： Hyperacusis Stapes Otosclerosis Middle ear Surgery

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The cardiovascular aspects of a Ménière’s disease population——A pilot study

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Journal of Otology 2019年第2期14卷 51-56页

作者： Angela reis rego David Dias Ana Pinto SANDra Sousa e Castro Telma Feliciano Cecília Almeida e Sousa ENT Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto Largo do Prof.Abel Salazar

Introduction:MD is considered a rare disease.An adequate model that explains MD's pathophysiology is not well established.Recently,the vascular theory of the disease has been revived.Objectives:To characterize a MD population according to its cardiovascular risk and correlate it to the MD clinical course.Methods:In this retrospective chart study the data of 31 MD patients observed between January 2017 and April 2018 in a tertiary university hospital were reviewed.Patients included in the study were diagnosed according to the Barany Society criteria.Lost follow-ups,patients with autoimmune disease,atopy or allergy,major psychiatric disease and migraine were excluded.Age,gender,cardiovascular risk factors,audiometric and vestibular parameters,occurrence of MD attacks in the previous 6 months,vestibular medication in course and time course of MD were recorded and compared between groups(with and without cardiovascular risk factors).Results:31 patients(61.3%females)mean aged 60.3 years(±9.7)were studied.74%of the population had at least one risk factor and 51.6%of patients had attacks in the last 6 months.There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of MD attacks in the last 6 months(p=0.014)between MD patients with and without risk factors.Mean PTA thresholds were higher and speech discrimination was lower in individuals with more cardiovascular risk factors.Conclusions:Treatment of MD focusing on vascular risk factors may allow a better control of symptoms and result in a decreased need for ablative procedures in this disorder.

关键词： Meniere disease Cardiovascular disease Hypertension Prognosis

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In Silico Approach for the Identification of Potential Targets and Specific Antimicrobials for Streptococcus mutans

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第4期5卷 373-385页

作者： Andrea Cristina Barbosa da Silva Diego Romario da Silva Sabrina Avelar de Macedo Ferreira Gustavo Gomes Agripino Allan reis Albuquerque Thais Gaudencio do rego Center for Science Technology and HealthState University of ParaibaArarunaBrazil Center for Health Sciences Federal University of ParaíbaJoao PessoaBrazil Center for Informatics Federal University of ParaibaJoao PessoaBrazil

Tooth decay affects most of the population in developed countries. The multifactorial etiology of the disease includes multiple bacterial species, S. mutans is the main pathogen associated with the disease. This bacterium adheres to the tooth surface and allows the colonization of other microorganisms resulting in dental biofilm. Several therapeutic agents are available to treat or prevent tooth decay, but none, with the exception of fluoride, has significantly influenced the disease’s global burden. Moreover, the probable development of resistance of microorganisms to existing antibacterial agents and the scarcity of good antimicrobial agents motivates this effort for innovation. The detailed knowledge obtained in recent years on the S. mutans allowed the identification of potential targets in this microorganism, enabling the development of specific drugs to combat tooth decay. Thus, the identification of potential targets in these pathogens is the first step in the discovery process of new therapeutic agents. Currently, the experimental assays used for this purpose are expensive and time consuming. In contrast, bioinformatics methods to predict drug targets are cheap, quick and workaday in the biotechnology. This article will review the potential drug targets in S. mutans, as well as the bioinformatics methods used to identify these targets and effective drugs for specific pharmacological treatment of dental caries.

关键词： Bioinformatics Antimicrobial Targets S.mutans

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