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The onset and advance of the Asian summer monsoon

Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 80-88页

作者： Lü Junmei1,2.4, ZHANG Qingyun1, TAO Shiyan1 & JU Jianhua3 1. State key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, {2. academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China 3. China meteorological Administration Training Centre, Beijing 100081, China 4. Graduate School of {2. academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, China State key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric {2. and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Department of Atmospheric sciences Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China Graduate School of chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100039 China China meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081 China

Based on the daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, the Cli- mate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of pre- cipitation (CMAP) data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for At- mospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, the mean intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is investigated by using power spectrum analysis, band-pass filter, and diagnostic analyses. The processes of the onset and advance of monsoon over the southern part of Indo- china Peninsula, the east coast of Bay of Bengal, the South China Sea and the Indian subcontinent are explored. It is found that there is an abrupt change in OLR, precipitation and zonal wind during the onset and advance of the ASM. It is also indicated that the southern part of Indochina Peninsula and the adja- cent Andaman Sea is the region where the earliest onset of the ASM occurs in the 2.d pentad of May.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability onset advance.

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A three-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation system:Scheme and preliminary results

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第11期49卷 1212-1222页

作者： ZHU Jiang1,2. ZHOU Guangqing1, YAN Changxiang1, FU Weiwei1 & YOU Xiaobao1,3 1. International Center for Climate and Environment sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese {2. of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. Jiangsu key laboratory of meteorological Disaster, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 2.0044, China 3. Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 10002., China 1. International Center for Climate and Environment sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Jiangsu key laboratory of {2. Disaster Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China 3. Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology Beijing 100029 China

A new 3DVAR-based Ocean Variational Analysis System (OVALS) is developed. OVALS is capable of assimilating in situ sea water temperature and salinity observations and satellite altimetry data. As a component of OVALS, a new variational scheme is proposed to assimilate the sea surface height data. This scheme considers both the vertical correlation of background errors and the nonlinear temperature-salinity relationship which is derived from the generalization of the linear balance constraints to the nonlinear in the 3DVAR. By this scheme, the model temperature and salinity fields are directly adjusted from the altimetry data. Additionally, OVALS can assimilate the temperature and salinity profiles from the ARGO floats which have been implemented in recent years and some temperature and salinity data such as from expendable bathythermograph, moored ocean buoys, etc. A 2.-year assimilation experiment is carried out by using OVALS and the Tropical Pacific circulation model. The results show that the assimilation system may effectively improve the estimations of temperature and salinity by assimilating all kinds of observations. Moreover, the root mean square errors of temperature and salinity in the upper depth less than 42. m reach 0.63℃ and 0.34 psu.

关键词： data assimilation, 3DVAR, sea surface height, ARGO floats.

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meteorological observations on Mount Everest in 2.05

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第7期17卷 828-837页

作者： Xie Aihong~(1**) Qin Dahe~1 Ren Jiawen~1 Qin Xiang~1 Xiao Cunde~(1,2. Hou Shugui~1 Kang Shichang~(1,3) Yang Xingguo~(1,4) Jiang Youyan~1 (1.key laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment,Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute,{2. academy of sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China 2.{2. academy of meteorological Science,Beijing 100081,China 3.Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,{2. academy of sciences,Beijing 100085,China 4.Gansu Provincial meteorological Bureau,Lanzhou 730000,China) [a]key laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China [b]chinese academy of Metoorological Science Beijing China [c]Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [d]Gansu Provincial meteorological Bureau Lanzhou China

Mount Everest,the highest point on the Earth is often referred to as the earth's third pole as such the place is relatively inaccessible and little is known about its *** April 2.05,an automatic weather station was installed at the mountain's North Col(652. m a.s.l.).According to the observational 10-minute mean and daily records,the meteorological characteristics were analyzed. All the meteorological elements displayed obvious diurnal variations during May 1 to July 2.,*** monthly variation of daily meteo- rological elements on Mount Everest coincided with that on Dingri,the closest routine meteorological station,with the high correlation co- efficients of 0.92.,0.877,0.682.0.755,0.82. and 0.676(n=83,pweather events on Mount Everest prominently appeared on the same day as those on Dingri,especially those from daily mean pressure,temperature and relative humidity with the cross-correlation coeffi- cients of 0.673,0.485 and 0.487(n=83,pweather events on Mount Everest lagged one-day be- hind those on ***,forecasting of the weather events on Mount Everest from pressure on Dingri was more reliable than those from the other meteorological *** conclusions are much important for research on meteorology and climate changes in the region.

关键词： Mount Everest meteorological observation Dingri County radiation air temperature relative humidity air pressure wind

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Changes in the spatial scale of Beijing UHI and urban development

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第Z2期48卷 116-127页

作者： YU Shuqiu, BIAN Lingen & LIN Xuechun State key laboratory on {2. weather, chinese academy of meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, China National Climate Center, China meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China State key laboratory on {2. weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The seasonal and interannual variations of Beijing urban heat island (UHI) are investigated in this paper using the temperature data from 1960 to 2.00 at 2. meteorological stations in the Beijing region, and then the relationship between the intensity and spatial scale of UHI and Beijing urbanization indices is analyzed and discussed. Main conclusions are the followings. First, Beijing UHI shows obvious seasonal variations, and it is strongest in winter, next in spring and autumn, and least in summer. The seasonal variation of the UHI mainly occurs in the urban area. The UHI intensity at the center of Beijing is more than 0.8℃ in winter, and only 0.5℃ in summer. Second, the intensity of Beijing HUI exhibits a clear interannual warming trend with its mean growth rate (MGR) being 0.3088℃/10 a. The MGR of HUI is largest in winter, next in spring and autumn, and least in summer, and the urban temperature increase makes a major contribution to the growth of HUI intensity. Third, since the Reform and Opening, the urbanization indices have grown several ten times or even one hundred times, the intensity of HUI has increased dramatically, and its spatial scale also expanded distinctively along with the expansion of urban architectural complexes. Fourth, the interannual variation of urbanization indices is very similar with that of HUI intensity, and their linear correlation coefficients are significant at a more than 0.001 confidence level.

关键词： Beijing region, temperature change, heat island effect, HUI spatial scale, human activities.

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Solar release time of solar energetic particles and associated acceleration source in corona

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chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第2期53卷 161-168页

作者： LE GuiMing1,2.3,4, TANG YuHua1 & HAN YanBen4 1 Department of Astronomy, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, China 2.key laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China {2. Administration, Beijing 100081, China 3 National Center for Space weather, China {2. Administration, Beijing 100081, China 4 National Astronomical Observatories, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100012. China Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing China key laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites China Meteorological Administration Beijing China National Center for Space weather China Meteorological Administration Beijing China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are accelerated in corona at an early phase of solar energetic particle events (SEPE). The acceleration mechanism of SEPs in corona can only be inferred from an analysis of multi-band observational data, as the observation of SEPs is usually made around 1AU. In this context, people have investigated spectrums, charge state, solar release time (SRT), and multi-band data of SEPEs, in an attempt to judge the acceleration mechanism of SEPs. The SRT computation of SEPs is an important and commonly used approach to study the acceleration mechanism of SEPs in corona. This paper reviews some important findings concerning the SRT computation of SEPs, and analyzes different merits of each approach for such calculation, based on a range of SEPE case studies. This paper also analyzes and discusses both possible and actual acceleration mechanisms of a number of SEPEs, by calculating the SRT of the SEPEs. Finally, the paper summarizes the possible problems in studying an acceleration mechanism of SEPEs inferred from the SRT of SEP.

关键词：阳光释放时间加速度电晕太阳耀斑

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A novel approach in predicting non-stationary time series by combining external forces

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Science Bulletin 2011年第Z2期 3053-3056页

作者： WANG GeLi 1* , YANG PeiCai 1 , BIAN JianChun 1 & ZHOU XiuJi 2.3 1 laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Glotal Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese {2. of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2.chinese {2. of meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, China 3 State key laboratory of severe weather, Beijing 100081, China

In this paper, we investigate a novel technique that reconstructs the observed time series and incorporates driving forces. Furthermore, to illustrate and test the technique, we consider a couple of predictive experiments using ideal time series provided by the logistic and Lorenz systems with specific driving forces. The preliminary results show this approach can improve prediction proficiency to some extent, and the external forces play a similar role to that of state variables.

关键词： driving force non-stationary system climate prediction time series prediction

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Forecasting the summer rainfall in North China using the year-to-year increment approach

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Science China Earth sciences 2009年第4期52卷 532-539页

作者： FAN Ke1, LIN MeiJing1,2.& GAO YuZhong3 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of {2., Beijing 10002., China 2.Graduate University of the chinese academy of {2., Beijing 100049, China 3 Heilongjiang meteorological Administration, Harbin 150030, China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100049 China Heilongjiang meteorological Administ

A new approach to forecasting the year-to-year increment of rainfall in North China in July-August (JA) is proposed. DY is defined as the difference of a variable between the current year and the preceding year (year-to-year increment). NR denotes the seasonal mean precipitation rate over North China in JA. After analyzing the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the DY of NR, five key predictors for the DY of NR have been identified. The prediction model for the DY of NR is established by using multi-linear regression method and the NR is obtained (the current forecasted DY of NR added to the preceding observed NR). The prediction model shows a high correlation coefficient (0.8) between the simulated and the observed DY of NR throughout period 1965-1999, with an average relative root mean square error of 19% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North China. The prediction model makes a hindcast for 2.00-2.07, with an average relative root mean square error of 2.% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North China. The model reproduces the downward trend of the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North China during 1965-2.06. Because the current operational prediction models of the summer precipitation have average forecast scores of 60%-70%, it has been more difficult to forecast the summer rainfall over North China. Thus this new approach for predicting the year-to-year increment of the summer precipitation (and hence the summer precipitation itself) has the potential to significantly improve operational forecasting skill for summer precipitation.

关键词： annual increment North China precipitation prediction prediction skill

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CO_2.background concentration in the atmosphere over the chinese mainland

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chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第14期47卷 1217-1220页

作者： WANG Gengchen, WEN Yupu, KONG Qinxin, REN Lixin & WANG MulinInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of {2., Beijing, 10002., China academy of meteorological {2., China meteorological Administration, Beijing 100086, China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China academy of meteorological {2. China Meteorological Administration Beijing China

Based on the long-term monitoring data on CO2.concentration, variation trend and characteristics of CO2.background concentration in the atmosphere over the chinese mainland are analyzed. Results show that the increasing trend of CO2.background concentration in the atmosphere over the chinese mainland has appeared during the period of 1991-2.00. The average annual CO2.growth increment is 1.59μL/L, and the average annual CO2.growth rate is 0.44%. Distinct seasonal variations of CO2.background concentration are observed, and the averaged amplitude of CO2.seasonal variations is 10.35μL/L. Regional variation characteristics of CO2.background concentration in the atmosphere and possible impact of human activities on these variations over the chinese mainland are discussed as well.

关键词： CO2 background concentration chinese mainland CO2 growth rate CO2 seasonal variation CO2 regional variation CO2 variation trend.

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Toward a general evaluation model for soil respiration (GEMSR)

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Science China(Life sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 254-262页

作者： ZHOU GuangSheng, JIA BingRui, HAN GuangXuan & ZHOU Li key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, {2. academy of sciences, Beijing 100093, China key laboratory of Vegetation Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Soil respiration is an important component of terrestrial carbon budget. Its accurate evaluation is es- sential to the study of terrestrial carbon source/sink. Studies on soil respiration at present mostly focus on the temporal variations and the controlling factors of soil respiration, but its spatial variations and controlling factors draw less attention. Moreover, the evaluation models for soil respiration at present include only the effects of water and heat factors, while the biological and soil factors controlling soil respiration and their interactions with water and heat factors have not been considered yet. These models are not able to accurately evaluate soil respiration in different vegetation/terrestrial ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. Thus, a general evaluation model for soil respiration (GEMSR) including the interacting meteorological (water and heat factors), soil nutrient and biological factors is suggested in this paper, and the basic procedure developing GEMSR and the research tasks of soil respiration in the future are also discussed.

关键词： soil respiration controlling factors general evaluation model

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Temperature variations recovered from tree-rings in the middle Qilian Mountain over the last millennium

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第4期48卷 521-529页

作者： LIU Xiaohong1,2. QIN Dahe1, SHAO Xuemei , CHEN Tuo1 & REN Jiawen12.1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, chinese academy of {2., Lanzhou 730000, China 2. Institute of Geographical {2. and Natural Resources Research, chinese academy of {2., Beijing 100101, China 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 730000 Lanzhou China 2. Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

Based on the cross-dated tree-ring samples collected from the middle Qilian Moun- tain, a standard ring-width chronology had been developed, which covered the period AD 1000 to 2.00. The correlations between the chronology and climatic records from the nearby meteorological stations indicated that temperature was the dominant climatic factor for tree growth at upper timberline, and the most important climatic factor for the tree growth in the area was the mean temperature from previous December to current April. The temperature variations recovered from the ring-width data showed a cold period during the “Little Ice Age” and the con- tinuous warming during the twentieth century. Comparison between the ring-width chronology and δ18O records from the Dunde ice core in the Qilian Mountain indicated that there was a con- sistent trend in both time series. A significant correlation existed between our ring-width chro- nology and the Northern Hemispheric temperature, suggesting that the climate changes in the Qilian Mountain were not only driven by regional factors, but also responsive to the global cli- mate.

关键词： middle Qilian Mountain, tree-ring width chronology, temperature variations.

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