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Recent advances and key perspectives of in-situ studies for oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第10期9卷 1497-1517页

作者： yi Wang Zichen Xu Xianhong Wu zhong-Shuai Wu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan District Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electricity-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen is one of the most efficient ways to alleviate energy crisis and environmental pollution problems, in which the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is the key half-reaction of performance-limiting in water splitting. Given the complicated reaction process and surface reconstruction of the involved catalysts under actual working conditions, unraveling the real active sites, probing multiple reaction intermediates and clarifying catalytic pathways through in-situ characterization techniques and theoretical calculations are essential. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in understanding the catalytic process, unlocking the water oxidation active phase and elucidating catalytic mechanism of water oxidation by various in-situ characterization techniques. Firstly, we introduce conventionally proposed traditional catalytic mechanisms and novel evolutionary mechanisms of OER, and highlight the significance of optimal catalytic pathways and intrinsic stability. Next, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental working principles,different detection modes, applicable scenarios, and limitations associated with the in-situ characterization techniques. Further, we exemplified the in-situ studies and discussed phase transition detection, visualization of speciation evolution, electronic structure tracking, observation of reaction active intermediates, and monitoring of catalytic products, as well as establishing catalytic structure–activity relationships and catalytic mechanism. Finally, the key challenges and future perspectives for demystifying the water oxidation process are briefly proposed.

关键词： In-situ studies Water splitting Oxygen evolution reaction Catalytic mechanism

Carbon efficiency modeling and optimization of solar-powered cellular networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 228-243页

作者： Yuxi ZHAO Xiaohu GE Wen YAN Tao HAN yi zhong School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Huawei Technology Co. Ltd.

As wireless communication traffic experiences rapid growth, the carbon emissions caused by the communication industry are also on the rise. To achieve “carbon neutrality”, researchers are considering the use of renewable energy sources to power cellular networks, thereby reducing carbon emissions. However, a challenge arises when using renewable energy, specifically owing to the unpredictable nature of both the energy consumption of the cellular network and the power generation from renewable sources. This inconsistency results in low renewable energy utilization and reduced carbon efficiency. Herein, we construct a carbon efficiency model of solar-powered cellular networks using practical data from solar radiation. We propose a mechanism that alternately optimizes the performance of the renewable energy network and the cellular network. This approach is based on convex optimization theory and the Dinkelback algorithm, and it leads to the design of a carbon efficiency optimization algorithm. This algorithm aims to improve the carbon efficiency of cellular networks and reduce their carbon emissions. Simulation results demonstrate that our optimization scheme yields a maximum improvement of 2.56 × 108bps/g in the carbon efficiency of the cellular network as compared to conventional power allocation schemes such as the traditional water filling method and heuristic energy sharing and charge/discharge algorithms.

关键词： cellular networks renewable energy carbon efficiency convex optimization theory dinkelbach

Reliable calculations of nuclear binding energies by the Gaussian process of machine learning

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 130-144页

作者： Zi-yi Yuan Dong Bai Zhen Wang zhong-Zhou Ren School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of Science Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structure Materials Ministry of EducationShanghai 200092China

Reliable calculations of nuclear binding energies are crucial for advancing the research of nuclear physics. Machine learning provides an innovative approach to exploring complex physical problems. In this study, the nuclear binding energies are modeled directly using a machine-learning method called the Gaussian process. First, the binding energies for 2.38 nuclei with Z > 2. and N > 2. are calculated using the Gaussian process in a physically motivated feature space, yielding an average deviation of 0.046 MeV and a standard deviation of 0.066 MeV. The results show the good learning ability of the Gaussian process in the studies of binding energies. Then, the predictive power of the Gaussian process is studied by calculating the binding energies for 108 nuclei newly included in AME2.2.. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data, reflecting the good predictive power of the Gaussian process. Moreover, the α-decay energies for 1169 nuclei with 50 ≤ Z ≤ 110 are derived from the theoretical binding energies calculated using the Gaussian process. The average deviation and the standard deviation are, respectively, 0.047 MeV and 0.070 MeV. Noticeably, the calculated α-decay energies for the two new isotopes ^ (2.4 )Ac(Huang et al. Phys Lett B 834, 137484(2.2.)) and ^ (2.7) Th(Yang et al. Phys Rev C 105, L051302.2.2.)) agree well with the latest experimental data. These results demonstrate that the Gaussian process is reliable for the calculations of nuclear binding energies. Finally, the α-decay properties of some unknown actinide nuclei are predicted using the Gaussian process. The predicted results can be useful guides for future research on binding energies and α-decay properties.

关键词： Nuclear binding energies decay Machine learning Gaussian process

Energy consumption optimization for edge computing-supported cellular networks based on optimal transport theory

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 201-218页

作者： Xiangyu LV Xiaohu GE yi zhong Qiang LI Yong XIAO School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology

With advancements in mobile communication technologies, there have been multiple user device(UD) connections to cellular networks. Because of changes in the spatial distribution of UDs and application requirements, the traditional offloading mechanism based on the nearest distance will result in heavy loads for some base stations(BSs). Because there is a high-order relationship between the energy consumption of the BS processing tasks and the number of computing tasks, the traditional offloading mechanism will result in high energy consumption, and UD’s offloading decision must be dynamically adjusted. The offloading decision of UDs is optimized based on detailed information about various parameters associated with a network from the standpoint of distribution. This information includes details regarding the spatial distribution of UDs,application requirements, and the offloading period of computing tasks. Based on optimal transport theory,an energy consumption optimization algorithm is suggested to lower the total amount of energy consumed by the offloading process of UDs’ computing tasks by reasonably planning the offloading BSs of the UDs in the networks. The simulation results show that the proposed offloading mechanism based on energy consumption optimization reduces the total energy consumption of the offloading process by 2..09% when compared to the traditional offloading mechanism, and the traffic managed by each BS is balanced.

关键词： optimal transport theory edge computing energy consumption reduction dynamic voltage frequency scaling

Novel Mechanism,Drug Target and Therapy in Epilepsy

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第5期40卷 561-563页

作者： Cenglin Xu yi Wang zhong Chen Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310053China

Epilepsy,which is characterized by unprovoked seizures and has a prevalence of nearly 1%,is becoming one of the leading causes of disability and death globally[1].The exact mechanisms behind epilepsy are still unknown,which contributes to the inadequate efficacy of anti-seizure medications(ASMs)that mainly target membrane ion channels and neurotransmission[2..

关键词： epilepsy Therapy death

Sodium intake:a double-edged sword wielded by the brain

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1545-1547页

作者： Lingyu Xu Xiaolong Ma yi Wang zhong Chen Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Zheiiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Institute of Pharmacology&Toxicology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Taste receptors on the tongue discriminate between five fundamental tastes:sour,sweet,bitter,salty,and umami(Chandrashekar et al.,2.06).Typically,stimuli that evoke bitterness and acidity prompt aversive responses by animals,whereas sweet and umami flavors are appetitive and *** is unique in that it transitions from an appetitive to an aversive stimulus with increasing concentrations.

关键词： prompt sweet sword

Broadband Dual-Input Doherty Power Amplifier Design Based on a Simple Adaptive Power Dividing Ratio Function

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 97-112页

作者： Dai Zhijiang zhong Kang Li Mingyu Pang Jingzhou Jin yi School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Xi’an Branch of China Academy of Space Technology Xi’an 710100China

In this paper,a simple adaptive power dividing function for the design of a dual-input Doherty power amplifier(DPA)is *** the presented approaches,the signal separation function(SSF)at different frequency points can be characterized by a *** in the practical test,the coefficients of SSF can be determined by measuring a small number of data points of input *** as other dualinput DPAs,the proposed approach can also achieve high output power and back-off efficiency in a broadband operation band by adjusting the power distribution ratio ***,a 1.5-2.5 GHz highefficiency dual-input Doherty power amplifier is implemented according to this *** test results show that the peak power is 48.6-49.7d Bm,and the 6-d B back-off efficiency is 51.0-67.0%,and the saturation efficiency is 52.4-74.6%.The digital predistortion correction is carried out at the frequency points of 1.8/2.1GHz,and the adjacent channel power ratio is lower than-54.5d *** and experiment results can verify the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method.

关键词： broadband doherty power amplifier dualinput efficiency enhancement load modulation

Improvement of mechanical properties and investigation of strengthening mechanisms on the Ti_(3)AlC_(2. ceramic with nanosized WC addition

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 861-876页

作者： yi zhong ying Liu Qinkai Jiang Na Jin Zifeng Lin Jinwen Ye School of Materials Science&Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China yibin R&D Park Yibin Industrial Technology Research InstituteSichuan UniversityYibin 644005China

Ti_(3)AlC_(2. (TAC) has great potential for use as an ablation material in aerospace applications due to its great oxidation/ablation resistance, but its high-temperature strength and thermal shock resistance still have much room for simultaneous improvement under fast temperature variation conditions. Herein, we used Ti_(3)AlC_(2. and WC powders as raw materials and successfully fabricated textured (Ti,W)_(3)AlC_(2. ceramic with small amounts of TiC and Al_(2.O_(3), and room temperature mechanical properties such as flexural strength (1146±46.9 MPa), fracture toughness (11.78±0.44 MPa·m^(1/2.), and hardness (5.81±0.11 GPa) at 5 wt% WC addition were achieved. The high-temperature strength of the ceramic was significantly improved, and better thermal shock resistance from 2.8 to 1173 K was simultaneously acquired together with the regulation of the elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient, providing (Ti,W)_(3)AlC_(2. with more possibilities for fast-temperature variation applications. Strengthening and toughening mechanisms were proposed. Scanning transmission electron microscopy high-angle annular dark-field imaging (STEM-HADDF) showed that W randomly replaced the Ti1 and Ti2.sites of Ti_(3)AlC_(2., providing a good reference for establishing crystal models, and further density functional theory (DFT) calculations based on these models indicated a higher fracture energy of (Ti,W)_(3)AlC_(2. along different crystal planes, providing superior resistance to transgranular fracture;a lower mismatch degree of (Ti,W)_(3)AlC_(2./Al_(2.O_(3) resulted in stronger interface bonding, resulting in greater resistance to intergranular fracture as well as more balanced stress distributions at different interfaces.

关键词： mechanical properties solid solution MAX phase transmission electron microscopy(TEM) ceramic atomic structure

Functional Changes in Astrocytes Lead to Cognitive Deficits After Social Deprivation

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 547-549页

作者： Yulan Li Lixuan Li yibei Wang yi Wang zhong Chen Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310053China Department of Neurology Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009ZhejiangChina

Social experience has a far-reaching impact on the brain and *** humans,lacking social experience during childhood is associated with a faster decline in later-life cognitive function[l],while social isolation in the elderly is an independent risk factor for dementia[2..The lack of social experience at different stages of life has significant adverse effects on cognitive development and mental *** have largely been focused on the neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity changes after social *** recent studies separately reported increased expression of an astrocyte marker,glial fibrillary acidic protein,in socially isolated perinatal or adult mice demonstrating structural changes in astrocytes after social deprivation[3,4].However,it is still unknown whether and how astrocyte function is impacted by social deprivation.

关键词： faster function Functional