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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic characteristics of natural gases from the Luliang and Baoshan basins in Yunnan Province, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第9期49卷 938-946页

作者： XU Yongchang1, LIU Wenhui2. SHEN Ping1, WANG Wanchun1, WANG Xiaofeng1, Tenger1, YAN Yaomin3.& LIU Ruobin3.1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas resources, institute of {2. and Geophsics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, china 2. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083. china 3. South Branch of Petroleum Exploration and Production Company, SINOPEC, Kuming 650000, china 1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas resources Institute of Geology and Geophsics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China 3. South Branch of Petroleum Exploration and Production Company SINOPEC Kuming 650000 China

The Luliang and Baoshan basins of Yunnan Province are two small-sizedcontinental oil/gas-bearing sedimentary basins, which were developed at the bases of theCarboniferous and Devonian systems during the Late Tertiary, covering an area of 3.0} km^2.and 2.4km^2. respectively. Since the 1990s, there have been discovered small-sized natural gas pools inthese two basins. The natural gases are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gases, with nonhydrocarbonsaccounting for less than 2.. Of the hydrocarbon gases, methane accounts for more than 99%, and thecomponents above C_2.account for less than 0.2.. On the basis of previous studies of geologicalbackground, the composition of natural gases and their carbon isotopic composition, it has beendefined that these two gas pools are of bacterial origin. In this work we have comprehensivelymeasured the carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gases from these two basins andhave gone into the details of the mechanism of gas generation. The δ^(13.C_1 values of naturalgases from the Luliang Basin are within the range of -72.1 per thousand - -73.3.per thousand, andthe δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand - -2.4 per thousand, indicating that the bacterial gasgeneration is dominated by the way of CO_2.reduction. It has been evidenced that undercontinental-facies fresh water conditions there did occur the CO_2.reduction as a process ofbacterial gas generation. The δ^(13.C_1 values of natural gases from the Baoshan Basin are withinthe range of - 62.5 per thousand - -63.5 per thousand, and the δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand- -2.0 per thousand. These isotopic characteristics are fallen into transitional phase of acetatefermentation and CO_2.reduction as defined by Whiticar et al. (1986). An important discovery in theLuliang Basin is the carbon isotopic composition of ethane of purely biogenetic origin, i.e., itsδ^(13.C_2.values are within the range of - 61.2.per thousand - - 66.0 per thousand. These carbonisotopic values have been r

关键词： bacterial gas, carbon and hydrogen isotope, CO2 reduction, acetate fermentation.

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Joint exploration of crustal structure in Fuzhou basin and its vicinities by deep seismic reflection and high-resolution refraction as well as wide-angle reflection/refraction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 925-938页

作者： ZHU Jinfang1, XU Xiwei2. ZHANG Xiankang3. HUANG Zonglin1, CHEN Xiangxiong1, FANG Shengming3. LIU Baojin3. ZHENG Rongzhang2.4 1. Seismological Bureau of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 3.0003.china 2. institute of {2.,china Earthquake Administration,Beijing 10002.,china 3. Research Center for Exploration Geophysics,china Earthquake Administration,Zhengzhou 450002.china 4. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,institute of {2.,china Earthquake Administration,Beijing 10002.,china Seismological Bureau of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350003 China institute of geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China Research Center for Exploration Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China

The Fuzhou basin and its vicinities are located at the northern end of the southeastern coastal seismic zone of the mainland of china. By the joint explorations of high-resolution seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection/refraction as well as deep seismic reflection in the region, which is the first synthetic profile in china, its fine velocity structure and geometric structure from the ground to Moho discontinuity is obtained. The result shows that the crust is obviously layered with a thickness of about 3.2}km. Basically, it consists of two parts: upper crust and lower crust. The velocity of the upper crust is 5.9-6.2.km/s in which there is a 3.4-km-thick weak low-velocity layer between the depths of 10-15 km, while the velocity of the lower crust in the range of 6.3.7.2.km/s. There exists a strong velocity gradient layer about 3.km thick above the Moho discontinuity whose velocity increases from 6.5 to 7.2. km/s. There exist high-angle normal faults that are small in size and extend only in the shallow crust. These faults are the secondary developed on the hanging wall of westward dipping low-angle normal faults. Thus, their seismogenic ability is limited, however, there exists a high-angle deep fault in the crust from Changle-Zaoan fault zone to seashore fault zone. This deep fault has cut the interface between the upper and lower crusts and Moho discontinuity, and may be the deep structure to trigger destructive earthquake source in future to affect Fuzhou City. These results have advanced the detecting precision of the deep structure in the southeastern coastal seismic zone of the mainland of china. In the aspect of the combined feature of the deep and shallow extensional structures that consist of the westward dipping low-angle normal faults and secondary normal faults on their hanging walls in the upper crust, it is firstly obtained that a united structural interpretation has deepened the knowledge about the deep dynamic process in the southeastern coasta

关键词： deep seismic reflection high-resolution seismic refraction wide-angle.

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Vermiform trace fossils from the Precambrian Ruyang Group, western Henan

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第3期42卷 251-254页

作者： HU Jianmin, MENG Qingren and LI Wenhou1 Xi’ an College of geology, Xi’an 710054, china 2. {2. of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china 3.Department of geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, china Xi’an College of geology Xi’an China institute of Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of geology Northwest University Xi’an China

THE origin and evolution of Precambrian lives has been a long-standing controversial problem. It is now generally accepted by most paleontologists that the origin of metazoa can be traced back to more than 1000 Ma, because the Ediacara and latest pre-Ediacara fauna, such as the Huainan fauna, are featured by their diversification of forms, complicated structures

关键词： Precambrian trace fossil Ruyang Group.

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Terminal Precambrian Palaeogeographic Framework of china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1989年第2期63卷 115-125页

作者： Qiao Xiufu, Ma Lifang geological institute, CAGS, Beijing, and Zhang Huimin {2. institute of geology and Mineral resources, CAGS, {2. Jia Zhongpeng geological institute CAGS Beijing China

The original locations and relationships of four plates within the mainland of china from 800 to 600 Ma during the terminal Precambrian were reconstructed based on the palaeomagnetic and geological data. The Tarim, Yangtze and Cathaysian plates were once linked (in 800-700 Ma) and located in the same low-latitude zone of the northern hemisphere. But later, in 700-600 Ma, the Tarim plate was separated from the Yangtze-Cathaysian plate. The Sino-Korean plate was always far away from the Yangtze plate, both being separated by oceanic crust, and lay in the high-latitude zone of the northern *** above-mentioned palaeogeographic framework directly led to complete differences in respect to distribution of low-latitude glaciation, sedimentary facies, palaeoclimate, palaeobiogeography and stratigraphic sections between the North and South china domains during the terminal Precambrian.

关键词： Terminal Precambrian Palaeogeographic Framework of china

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Mantle-derived rare-gas releasing features at the Tianchi volcanic area, Changbaishan Mountains

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第9期42卷 768-771页

作者： SHANGGUAN Zhiguan and SUN Mingliang1. institute of geology, State Seismological Bureau, Beijing 10002.,{2. 2. Lanzhou institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73.000,{2. institute of geology State Seismological Bureau Beijing China Lanzhou institute of geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China

TIANCHI volcano,Changbaishan Mountains isthe largest modern active volcano in East *** times strong volcanic erupting activ-ities occurred in the Cenozoic *** vol-canic activities have revived again in the *** investi... 详细信息

关键词： Tianchi volcanic area Changbaishan Mountains mantle-derived rare gas 3.e/ 4He 40 Ar/3. Ar 4He/2. Ne 4He/40Ar isotope ratios.

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Hydrocarbon test in lower-layer atmosphere to predict deep-sea petroleum or hydrate in the Okinawa Trough: an example

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 569-576页

作者： Gong Jianming1, Chen Jianwen 1, 2. Li Gang1, Zhang Xunhua1, Li Jipeng3. Huang Fulin1 1. Qingdao institute of Marine geology, Qingdao 2.6071,{2.. 2. Ocean University of{2., Qingdao 2.6003.{2. 3. Hefei institute of Petroleum Chemical Exploration,{2. Petroleum Exploration and Development Research institute, Hefei 2.002.,china Qingdao Inst Marine Geol Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Ocean Univ china Qingdao 266003 Peoples R China china Petr Explorat & Dev Res Inst Hefei Inst Petr Chem Explorat Hefei 230022 Peoples R China

Light hydrocarbon (methane, ethane, propane, butane and CO2. test and C isotopic analysis of CO are conducted for over 100 lower-layer atmospheric samples from the East china Sea slope and the Okinawa Trough. The results show that the lower-layer atmosphere mainly consists of CO2.and then of CH4, and the CO2.concentrations are calculated to have a high average value of 0.87 omega/10(-2. about three times that of the regional background (0-3.omega/10(-2.). The result also shows that the average value of C isotope - 2..8 x 10(-3. is given to the CO2. inferring that it is inorganic gas. Thus, for the future 's work in the Okinawa Trough, special attention should be paid to CO2.hydrate, which is very possibly an important hydrate type.

关键词： lower-layer atmosphere hydrocarbon test C isotopic analysis deep-sea petroleum gas hydrate

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Digital image analysis of palaeoenvironmental records and applications

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第23期47卷 1957-1963,2025-2026页

作者： SUN Donghuai1,2. LIU Yu2.& TAN Ming3.. South china Sea {3. of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Guangzhou 5103.1, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology, Earth Environmental {3., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, china 3. {3. of geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., china South china Sea institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology Earth Environmental Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China institute of geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Environmental change signals in geological or biological records are commonly reflected on their reflecting or transmitting images. These environmental signals can be extracted through digital image analysis. The analysis principle involves section line selection, color value reading and calculating environmental proxy index along the section lines, layer identification, auto-chronology and investigation of structure evolution of growth bands. On detailed illustrations of the image technique, this note provides image analyzing procedures of coral, tree-ring and stalagmite records. The environmental implications of the proxy index from image analysis are accordingly given through application demonstration of the image technique.

关键词： digital image environmental records.

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Kinematics and dynamics of the Mesozoic orogeny and late-orogenic extensional collapse in the Sino-Mongolian border areas

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 849-862页

作者： ZHENG Yadong 1 & WANG Tao2.1. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, china 2. {3. of {2., Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, Beijing 10003., china Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution (Peking University) Ministry of Education Beijing 100871 China institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijinq 100037 China

The Sino-Mongolian border areas underwent two important tectonic events during Mesozoic time after late Paleozoic orogeny: a late Triassic to earlier Jurassic contractional event that resulted in a large-scale south-vergent thrust during the orogeny and a late Jurassic-earlier Cretaceous extensional event in a north-south direction that formed a metamorphic core complex. The kinematic and dynamic analyses show that the thrust sheet moved southwards with a kinematic vorticity number of ca. -0.10 and sub-horizontal maximum compressive stress axis that belongs to a contraction-thickening shear. The upper plate of the late-orogenic detachment relatively moved in a 165°direction. The average kinematic vorticity in its earlier stage was 0.74 that belongs to simple shear dominated shearing and related to the maximum compressive stress axes dipping at ～66°, while the later average kinematic vorticity was ～0.55°that belongs to pure shear dominated shearing with sub-vertical maximum compressive stress axes. This suggests that the thrusting led to the crust thickened and the lower plate rocks that were originally located in the upper crust depressed through a brittle-ductile transition zone into the lower crust and became warmer. The heated rocks trended to uplift since their increasing volume and decreasing density while the loading of the upper-plate rocks increased due to the structural thickening. Under the combined effect of the loading and the thermal-uplifting, the ductile shear zone in between increased in its component of vertical pure shear. Once its pure-shear component exceeded its simple-shear one the ductile shear zone became an extension-thinned shear zone. This progressive transitional process reflects internal and essential temporal and spatial relationships: the extensional factor nucleated during the crust thickening by thrusting and increase of the extensional factor finally led to late-orogenic collapse.

关键词： Mesozoic thrusting,late-orogenic collapse,kinematic vorticity number,stress state.

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Redetermination of the Crystal Structure of Vesignieite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1991年第2期65卷 145-151页

作者： Ma Zhesheng He Ruilin Zhu Xiaoling china University of Geosciences institute of {2. and Mineral {3., Shaanxi institute of Mineral Depostis, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences china University of Geosciences China

Vesignieite, Cu_3.a(VO_4)_2.OH)_2. crystallizes in space group C_2./ m with a°=1.02.0(2., b°=0.5911(1),c°=0.7711(2.nm and β=116.42.3.°. The intensity data were collected with the RIGAKU RASA-IISsingle-crystal four-circle diffractometer. The structure was determined by Patterson and Fourier methods andrefined by the least-square technique to a final R index of 0.051 for 614 independent diffraction points with|F? |>3.|F?|. The crystal structure analysis shows that vesignieite has a layer structure parallel to (001). The powder diffraction lines were reindexed.

关键词： Redetermination of the Crystal Structure of Vesignieite

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Carbon and Oxygen Stable Isotope Values and Microfossils at 41.4-4.5ka BP in Tai Co,Tibet,china,and Their Paleoclimatic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第5期85卷 1036-1050+1052-1056+1051页

作者： ZHENG Mianping~(1,2.*),LIU Junying~(1,3.,MA Zhibang~(1,4),WANG Hailei~(1,2. and MA Nina~(1,2. 1 MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake {3. and Environment,institute of Mineral {3.,CAGS, Beijing 10003.,china 2.Research and Development Center for Saline Lakes and Epithermal Deposits,Chinese Academy of geological Sciences,Beijing 10003.,china 3.institute of geology,Chinese Academy of geological Sciences,Beijing 10003.,china 4 Key Laboratory of Cenozoic geology and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10002., china MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake resources and Environment Institute of Mineral Resources CAGS Beijing 100037 China Research and Development Center for Saline Lakes and Epithermal Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic geology and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China *Correspondence: Mianping ZHENG *Correspondence: Corresponding author. E-mail: zhengmp2010@***

Two sedimentary sections were measured at Tai Co(Co means lake in Tibetan) in western Tibet,*** two sections are almost all composed of clay carbonate beds except in their lower parts where there are carbonized plants at>10 cm depths and dark-colored carbonate clay and clay at 50-70 cm depths,yielding abundant gastropods,ostracods,and *** carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of carbonate,ostracods,and charophytes and ecological features of microfossil communities indicate the following climatic change in the area from 41.4 to 4.5 ka BP:at 41.4-2..2.ka BP,the climate was relatively wet;at 2..2.2..5 ka BP,it was slightly warm-dry;at 2..5-2..5 ka BP,it was warm-wet;at 2..5-2..0 ka BP,it was slightly cold-wet;at 2..5-17.5 ka BP,it became cold abruptly and slightly wet,implying the climate of the last glacial maximum;at 17.5-16.0 ka BP,it was slightly cold-dry;at 16.0-11.8 ka BP,it was slightly warm-wet;at 11.8-10.4 ka BP,it was relatively cold-dry, roughly equivalent to the climate of the Younger Dryas,and at 10.4 ka BP,the temperatures began to rise again;at 10.4-9.4 ka BP,it was slightly warm-wet;at 9.4-8.5 ka BP,there occurred short warm-wet oscillations;at 8.5-7.9 ka BP,it was slightly dry-cold,representing a strong temperature-lowering and drying event in the postglacial stage;at 7.8-6.3.ka BP,it was slightly warm-wet;at 6.3.4.5 ka BP,the climate tended to be cold-dry.4.5 ka BP recorded the maximum aridity since the late part of the late Pleistocene.

关键词： sedimentary environment index paleoclimatic changes late Pleistocene-Holocene(41.4-4.5 ka BP) Tai Co Tibet

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