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Quantifying the age peaks,age ranges and weights of detrital ages based on the EM algorithm

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 217-229页

作者： Jintao kong Linfin branch of Petrochina Coalbed Methane Company Limited Linfen 041000Shanxi ProvinceChina Petrochina Coalbed Methane Company Limited Beijing 100028China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061Jilin ProvinceChina

Detrital geochronology fundamentally involves the quantification of major age ranges and their weights winthin an age *** study presents a streamlined approach,modeling the age distribution of detrital zircons using a normal mixture model,and employs the Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm for precise estimations.A method is introduced to automatically select appropriate initial mean values for EM algorithm,enhancing its efficacy in detrital *** process entails multiple trials with varying numbers of age components leading to diverse k-component *** model with the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC)is identified as the most *** accurate component number and weight determination,a substantial sample size(n>2.0)is advisable. Our findings based on both synthetic and empirical datasets confirm that the normal mixture model,refined by the EM algorithm,reliably identifies key age parameters with minimal *** a kind of probability density estimator,the normal mixture model offers a novel visualization tool for detrital data and an alternative foundation for KDE in calculating existing similarity *** focus of this study is the critical examination of quantitative metrics for comparing detrital zircon age *** a case study,this study demonstrates that metrics based on empirical cumulative probability distribution(such as K-S and Kuiper statistics)may lead to erroneous *** employment of the Kullback-Leibler(KL)divergence,a metric grounded in probability density estimation,is *** critical values,simulated via the Monte Carlo method,provide more objective benchmarks for these quantitative metrics. All methodologies discussed are encapsulated in a series of MATLAB scripts,available as open-source code and a standalone application,facilitating wider adoption and application in the field.

关键词： Detrital zircongeochronology Expectation-Maximization algorithm Kullback-Leibler divergence Quantifying comparison Age peaks,ageranges,andweights

Prominent removal of trace lead(Ⅱ)ions from polluted water by terephthalic acid reformed Al/Zn metal organic nanoflakes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 81-88页

作者： Junhua Li Lingshu Gao Junmao hong Xiaofeng Shi Sifang kong Jingyu Wang Hassan Algadi Benbin Xu Zhanhu Guo School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Traffic&Environment Shenzhen Institute of Information TechnologyShenzhen518172China Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran11001Saudi Arabia Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUK

Terephthalic acid reformed Al/Zn metal organic nanoflake was prepared and functionalized with trie-thylamine(T-AlZn).Without adding terephthalic acid,there was no product of metal organic nanoflake.T-AlZn has a remarkable performance in removing trace lead(Ⅱ)ions(Pb^(2.)).The adsorption equipoise with the removal rate≥97%was reached within 35 *** removal rates of T-AlZn for Pb^(2.)declined by only 16.73%after four *** adsorption of T-AlZn for Pb^(2.)follows the Langmuir isotherms model and pseudo-second-order dynamics *** utmost adsorption competence was calculated as 2.5.2. mg g^(-1).The T-AlZn adsorbent exhibits a bright prospect in the adsorption for Pb^(2.)and is a considerable candidate in the disposal of industrial sewage.

关键词： Metal organic complex Nanoflake Trace level Pb^(2.) Adsorption

“Treat-all”Strategy for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in china:Are We There Yet?

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第6期12卷 589-593页

作者： Mengyang Zhang Yuanyuan kong Xiaoqian Xu Yameng Sun Jidong Jia hong You Liver Research Center Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver CirrhosisNational Clinical Research Center of Digestive DiseasesState Key Lab of Digestive HealthBeijingChina Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Clinical Research InstituteBeijingChina

Chronic hepatitis B remains the primary cause of liver-related events in *** World Health Organization set a goal to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by ***,achieving this goal appears challenging due to the current low rates of diagnosis and ***“Treat-all”strategy,which proposes treating all patients with detectable hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA or even all patients with positive HBsAg,has been suggested to simplify anti-HBV *** 2.2.,the Chinese Society of Hepatology and the Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases updated the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in {2.,expanding antiviral indications and simplifying the treatment *** to this latest guideline,nearly 95%of patients with detectable HBV DNA are eligible for antiviral *** review aimed to provide a detailed interpretation of the treatment indications outlined in the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B(version 2.2.)and to identify gaps in achieving the“Treat-all”strategy in {2..

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Antiviral therapy Treatment indication Expanding treatment Treatment rate “Treat-all”strategy

Flat jet electrochemical milling of TC4 alloy with tailoring backward parallel flow

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 574-592页

作者： Huanghai kong Ningsong QU College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

In flat jet electrochemical milling, the electrolyte forms a backward parallel flow after impacting the workpiece, resulting in a weak current density distribution on the workpiece. Poor surface quality usually occurs on the machined titanium alloy surface because it inevitably suffers from the weak current density. In this study, a method of flat jet electrochemical milling with tailoring the backward parallel flow was proposed to eliminate the negative effects caused by the weak current density. Multiphysics simulations are carried out to comprehend the mechanism of flat jetEC milling with tailoring backward parallel flow and better construct the novel tool *** on flat jet electrochemical milling of TC4 alloy with and without tailoring backward parallel flow are conducted. The results reveal that, compared with flat jet electrochemical milling without tailoring backward parallel flow, the recommended tool reduces the surface roughness by86% to 93%, and improves the material removal rate by 93% to 163% with different feed ***, the recommended tool is more conducive to maintaining the inherent hardness of the material. Finally, a surface with low Sa of 0.37 μm is obtained.

关键词： Flat jet electrochemical milling TC4 alloy Surface roughness Micro-hardness Material removal rate

Soil inorganic amendments produce safe rice by reducing the transfer of Cd and increasing key amino acids in brown rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 121-132页

作者： Fanyi kong Shenggao Lu Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem HealthMinistry of EducationCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The digestibility of cadmium(Cd)in brown rice is directly related to amino acid metabolism in rice and human *** our field study,three kinds of alkaline calcium-rich soil inorganic amendments(SIAs)at three dosages were applied to produce safe rice and improve the quality of rice in Cd-contaminated *** the increased application of SIA,Cd content in iron plaque on rice root significantly increased,the transfer of Cd from rice root to grain significantly decreased,and then Cd content in brown rice decreased *** vitro digestibility of Cd in brown rice was estimated by a physiologically based extraction *** showed that more than 70%of Cd in brown rice could be digested by simulated gastrointestinal *** on the total and digestible Cd contents in brown rice to evaluate the health risk,the application of 2.2. ton SIA/ha could produce safe rice in acidic slightly Cd-contaminated paddy *** amino acids(AAs)in brown rice were determined by high-performance liquid *** contents of 5 key AAs(KAAs)that actively respond to environmental changes increased significantly with the increased application of *** structural equation model indicated that KAAs could be affected by the Cd translocation capacity from rice root to grain,and consequently altered the ratio of indigestible Cd in brown *** formation of indigestible KAAs-Cd complexes by combining KAAs(phenylalanine,leucine,histidine,glutamine,and asparagine)with Cd in brown rice could be considered a potential mechanism for reducing the digestibility of Cd.

关键词： Cadmium digestibility Soil inorganic amendments Safe rice Amino acid Priming effect Health risk

Personalized and continuous care intervention affects rehabilitation,living quality,and negative emotions of patients with breast cancer

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 876-883页

作者： Ling-Xia kong Yan-hong Zhao Zhi-Lin Feng Ting-Ting Liu Department of Breast Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina Operating Room The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies *** progress in treatment methods and levels,the overall survival period has been prolonged,and the demand for quality care has *** To investigate the effect of individualized and continuous care intervention in patients with breast *** Two hundred patients with breast cancer who received systemic therapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North university(January 2.2. to July 2.2.)were retrospectively selected as research *** them,134 received routine care intervention(routing group)and 66 received personalized and continuous care(intervention group).Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast(FACT-B)scores,including limb shoulder joint activity,complication rate,and care satisfaction,were compared between both groups after *** SAS and SDS scores were lower in the intervention group than in the routing group at one and three months after *** total FACT-B scores and five dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those in the routing group at three months of *** range of motion of shoulder anteflexion,posterior extension,abduction,internal rotation,and external rotation in the intervention group was higher than that in the routing group one month after *** incidence of postoperative complications was 18.18%lower in the intervention group than in the routing group(34.33%;P<0.05).Satisfaction with care was 90.91% higher in the intervention group than in the routing group(78.36%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION Personalized and continuous care can alleviate negative emotions in patients with breast cancer,quicken rehabilitation of limb function,decrease the incidence of complications,and improve living quality and care satisfaction.

关键词： Breast cancer Personalized care Continuous care Negative emotions Living quality Rehabilitation effect

Competition of Composition Fluctuation Modes in Weakly Segregated Salt-doped Symmetric Diblock Copolymers

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1375-1385,I0008页

作者： Yuan-Xin Zhou Xian kong South china Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Emergent Soft MatterSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Salt-doped block copolymers have widespread applications in batteries,fuel cells,semiconductors,and various industries,where their properties crucially depend on phase separation ***,investigations into salt-doped diblock copolymers have predominantly focused on microphase separation,overlooking the segregation between ionic and polymeric *** study employs weak segregation theory to explore the interplay between phase separation dominated by the polymer-modulated mode and the salt-out-modulated mode,corresponding to microscopic and macroscopic phase separations,*** comparing diblock copolymers doped with salts to those doped with neutral solvents,we elucidate the significant role of charged species in modulating phase *** phase separation mode exhibits a transition between the polymer-modulated and salt-out-modulated modes at different *** systems doped with neutral solvents,this transition is stepwise,while in salt-ion-doped systems,it is *** a sufficiently large Flory-Huggins parameter between ions and polymers,the salt-out-modulated mode becomes dominant,promoting macrophase *** to the solvation effect of salt ions,salt-doped systems are more inclined to undergo microphase ***,we explore factors influencing the critical wavenumber of phase separation,including doping level and the Flory-Huggins parameters between two blocks and between ions and polymeric *** findings reveal that in a neutral solvent environment,these factors alter only the boundary between micro-and macro-phase separations,leaving the critical wavenumber unchanged in microphase separation ***,in a salt-doped environment,the critical wavenumber of microphase separation varies with these *** provides valuable insights into the pivotal role of electrostatics in the phase separation of salt-doped block copolymers.

关键词： Block copolymer Phase separation Field theory Salt-doped

Non-dimensional analysis on blast wave propagation in foam concrete:Minimum thickness to avoid stress enhancement

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 30-46页

作者： Ya Yang Xiangzhen kong Qin Fang State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007JiangsuChina

Foam concrete is a prospective material in defense engineering to protect structures due to its high energy absorption capability resulted from the long plateau ***,stress enhancement rather than stress mitigation may happen when foam concrete is used as sacrificial claddings placed in the path of an incoming blast *** investigate this interesting phenomenon,a one-dimensional difference model for blast wave propagation in foam concrete is firstly proposed and numerically solved by improving the second-order Godunov *** difference model and numerical algorithm are validated against experimental results including both the stress mitigation and the stress *** difference model is then used to numerically analyze the blast wave propagation and deformation of material in which the effects of blast loads,stress-strain relation and length of foam concrete are *** particular,the concept of minimum thickness of foam concrete to avoid stress enhancement is ***,non-dimensional analysis on the minimum thickness is conducted and an empirical formula is proposed by curve-fitting the numerical data,which can provide a reference for the application of foam concrete in defense engineering.

关键词： Foam concrete Blast wave propagation Non-dimensional analysis Stress enhancement

Enhanced Natural Convection for Accelerating Melting of Phase Change Material in Cellular Structure through Inserting Fin

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 548-563页

作者： kong Dekui ZHANG Yongcun LIU Shutian State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

The design of thermal conductivity enhancers(TCE) is quite critical to overcoming the disadvantage of the poor thermal conductivity of phase change materials(PCM).The main contribution of this study is firstly to discuss how to actively enhance natural convection of the melted PCM in cellular structure by the fin formed in the structure under the condition of the same metal mass,apart from simultaneously improving heat conduction,which can boost the heat transfer ***,a tailored hybrid fin-lattice structure(HFS) as TCE is designed and fabricated by additive manufacturing(AM).A two-equation numerical method is applied to study the heat transfer of the PCM,and its feasibility is validated with the experimental *** numerical results indicate that enhanced natural convection and improved heat conduction can be obtained simultaneously when a well-designed fin is embedded into a lattice *** enhanced natural convection results in the improved melting rate and the decreased wall temperature;e.g.,the complete melting time and the wall temperature are reduced by 11.6% and 19.7%,respectively,because of the fin for metal ***,the parameters of HFS including the porosity,pore density,and fin dimension have a great impact on the heat *** enhancement effect of the fin for HFS on the melting rate of the PCM increases as the thermal conductivity of the base material *** example,when the fin is introduced into the lattice structure,the complete melting time is reduced by 2..1% for metal *** summary,this study enables us to obtain a good understanding of the mechanism of the heat transfer and provides necessary experimental data for the structural design of HFS fabricated by AM.

关键词： natural convection heat transfer enhancement phase change material additive manufacturing hybrid fin-lattice structure