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A 3.16–7 GHz transformer-based dual-band CMOS VCO

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第3期36卷 106-113页

作者：李竹王志功李智群李芹刘法恩 Institute of RF-& OE-ICs Southeast University Nanjing University of Science and Technology

A dual-band, wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator that uses transformer-based fourth-order（LC） resonator with a compact common-centric layout is presented. Compared with the traditional wide band（VCO）, it can double frequency tuning range without degrading phase noise performance. The relationship between the coupling coefficient of the transformer, selection of frequency bands, and the quality factor at each band is investigated. The transformer used in the resonator is a circular asymmetric concentric topology. Compared with conventional octagon spirals, the proposed circular asymmetric concentric transformer results in a higher qualityfactor, and hence a lower oscillator phase noise. The VCO is designed and fabricated in a 0.18- m CMOS technology and has 75% wide tuning range of 3.16–7.01 GHz. Depending on the oscillation frequency, the VCO current consumption is adjusted from 4.9 to 6.3 m A. The measured phase noises at 1 MHz offset from carrier frequencies of 3.1, 4.5, 5.1, and 6.6 GHz are –122.5, –113.3, –110.1, and –116.8 d Bc/Hz, respectively. The chip area, including the pads, is 1.2×0.62 mm^2 and the supply voltage is 1.8 V.

关键词： CMOS phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) wideband transformer

IC design of low power, wide tuning range VCO in 90 nm CMOS technology

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第12期35卷 133-138页

作者：李竹王志功李智群李芹刘法恩 Institute of RF- & OE-ICs Southeast University Nanjing University of Science and Technology

A low power VCO with a wide tuning range and low phase noise has been designed and realized in a standard 90 nm CMOS technology. A newly proposed current-reuse cross-connected pair is utilized as a negative conductance generator to compensate the energy loss of the resonator. The supply current is reduced by half compared to that of the conventional LC-VCO. An improved inversion-mode MOSFET（IMOS） varactor is introduced to extend the capacitance tuning range from 32.8% to 66%. A detailed analysis of the proposed varactor is provided. The VCO achieves a tuning range of 27–32.5 GHz, exhibiting a frequency tuning range（FTR） of 18.4%and a phase noise of –101.38 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 30 GHz carrier, and shows an excellent FOM of –185dBc/Hz. With the voltage supply of 1.5 V, the core circuit of VCO draws only 2.1 m A DC current.

关键词： CMOS microwave millimeter wave IMOS varactor phase noise voltage controlled oscillators

Design of improved CMOS phase-frequency detector and charge-pump for phase-locked loop

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第10期35卷 119-125页

作者：刘法恩王志功李智群李芹陈胜 Engineering Research Center of RF-ICs and RF-Systems Ministry of Education

Two essential blocks for the PLLs based on CP, a phase-frequency detector （PFD） and an improved current steering charge-pump （CP）, are developed. The mechanisms for widening the phase error detection range and eliminating the dead zone are analyzed and applied in our design to optimize the proposed PFD. To obtain excellent current matching and minimum current variation over a wide output voltage range, an improved structure for the proposed CP is developed by fully utilizing many additional sub-circuits. Implemented in a standard 90-nm CMOS process, the proposed PFD achieves a phase error detection range from -354° to 354° and the improved CP demonstrates a current mismatch of less than 1.1% and a pump-current variation of 4% across the output voltage, swinging from 0.2 to 1.1 V, and the power consumption is 1.3 mW under a 1.2-V supply.

关键词： CMOS phase-frequency detector charge-pump current compensation accelerating acquisition PLL

A 31.7-GHz high linearity millimeter-wave CMOS LNA using an ultra-wideband input matching technique

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第12期33卷 112-117页

作者：杨格亮王志功李智群李芹李竹刘法恩 Institute of RF-&OE-ICs Southeast University

A CMOS low-noise amplifier （LNA） operating at 31.7 GHz with a low input return loss （S11） and high linearity is proposed. The wideband input matching was achieved by employing a simple LC compounded network to generate more than one S11 dip below -10 dB level. The principle of the matching circuit is analyzed and the critical factors with significant effect on the input impedance （Zin） are determined. The relationship between the input impedance and the load configuration is explored in depth, which is seldom concentrated upon previously. In addition, the noise of the input stage is modeled using a cascading matrix instead of conventional noise theory. In this way Zin and the noise figure can be calculated using one uniform formula. The linearity analysis is also performed in this paper. Finally, an LNA was designed for demonstration purposes. The measurement results show that the proposed LNA achieves a maximum power gain of 9.7 dB and an input return loss of 〈 -10 dB from 29 GHz to an elevated frequency limited by the measuring range. The measured input-referred compression point and the third order inter-modulation point are -7.8 and 5.8 dBm, respectively. The LNA is fabricated in a 90-nm RF CMOS process and occupies an area of 755 × 670μm2 including pads. The whole circuit dissipates a DC power of 24 mW from one 1.3-V supply.

关键词： CMOS low noise amplifier input matching millimeter-wave

A Ka-band wide locking range frequency divider with high injection sensitivity

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第3期35卷 109-115页

作者：刘法恩王志功李智群李芹唐路杨格亮李竹 Institute of RF- & OE-ICs Southeast University

This paper proposes a direct injection-locked frequency divider（ILFD） with a wide locking range in the Ka-band. A complementary cross-coupled architecture is used to enhance the overdriving voltage of the switch transistor so that the divider locking range is extended efficiently. New insights into the locking range and output power are proposed. A new method to analyze and optimize the injection sensitivity is presented and a layout technique to reduce the parasitics of the cross-coupled transistors is applied to decrease the frequency shift and the locking range degradation. The circuit is designed in a standard 90-nm CMOS process. The total locking range of the ILFD is 43.8% at 34.5 GHz with an incident power of –3.5 dBm. The divider IC consumes 3.6 mW of power at the supply voltage of 1.2 V. The chip area including the pads is 0.50.5 mm2.

关键词： IC design CMOS Ka-band direct injection-locked frequency divider ILFD

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戴胜繁殖习性的观察研究

国土与自然资源研究 1991年第4期 49-51页

作者：李晓民陶宇程岭刘法恩高京禄曾代华黑龙江省科学院自然资源研究所黑龙江省兴凯湖农场林业科

戴胜(Upupa epops Linneus)隶属于佛法僧目的一种中型食虫鸟类,广泛分布在全国,有三个亚种,在黑龙江省分布的为普通亚种(Upupa epopsepops)。为夏候鸟,3月下旬迁来,4月中旬开始繁殖,9月初开始向越冬地迁徙。一,产卵及孵化戴胜刚迁来时... 详细信息

戴胜(Upupa epops Linneus)隶属于佛法僧目的一种中型食虫鸟类,广泛分布在全国,有三个亚种,在黑龙江省分布的为普通亚种(Upupa epopsepops)。为夏候鸟,3月下旬迁来,4月中旬开始繁殖,9月初开始向越冬地迁徙。一,产卵及孵化戴胜刚迁来时常以单个活动。4月初开始配对,雌雄互相追逐并发出“ga-、ga-”的鸣声。雄鸟常为争夺配偶而打斗,不断“ga,ga”地鸣叫。

关键词：鸟类戴胜繁殖习性

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海洋类法律法规术语概念的英译问题探微

中国翻译 2024年第2期45卷 150-155页

作者：张贝刘法公浙江海洋大学

本文从我国海洋类法律法规汉英译本着手,对照《联合国海洋法公约》英文版中的海洋术语和概念,基于法律翻译的准确严谨、概念对应一致原则,分析我国相关海洋法律法规英译本,发现了两类典型翻译问题:海洋术语与权威英译名不匹配;汉英术语... 详细信息

本文从我国海洋类法律法规汉英译本着手,对照《联合国海洋法公约》英文版中的海洋术语和概念,基于法律翻译的准确严谨、概念对应一致原则,分析我国相关海洋法律法规英译本,发现了两类典型翻译问题:海洋术语与权威英译名不匹配;汉英术语概念不对应。并就此提出两条建议:(1)依照《联合国海洋法公约》的英文术语匹配汉英海洋法律专业术语,实现译文通约性;(2)按照一致性原则匹配汉语海洋法律译文的对应术语概念,实现术语与概念精准一致。

关键词：英语翻译中国海洋法律术语和概念问题对策