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Assessment of sediment connectivity using modelling and field-based approaches in the Slavíč River catchment(MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts,Czech Republic)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 734-753页

作者： MACUROvÁ Tereza škarpich václav Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of OstravaChittussiho 1071000 OstravaCzech Republic

Mountain streams act as conveyors of sediments within the river continuum,where the physical transport of sediments between river reaches through the catchment or between individual parts(e.g.,between hillslopes and channels)of the catchment is *** study focused on sediment connectivity analysis in the SlavíčRiver catchment in the MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts in the eastern part of the Czech *** connectivity index and connectivity index target modelling were combined with an analysis of anthropogenic ***,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis were used to obtain information about connectivity in the *** on the analysis and obtained results,terrain topography is the current main driving factor affecting the connectivity of sediment movement in the SlavíčRiver ***,the modelling provided valuable information about high sediment connectivity despite different recent land use conditions(highly forested area of the catchment)than those in historical times from the 16th to 19th centuries when the SlavíčRiver catchment was highly deforested and sediment connectivity was probably *** analysis of anthropogenic interventions,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis revealed more deceleration of sediment movement through the catchment,decreased sediment connectivity with bed erosion,and gradual river channel process transformation in some *** mapping has identified various natural formations and human-induced changes impacting the longitudinal and lateral connectivity in the Slavíč*** instance,embankments along 48%of the river's length,both on the right and left banks,significantly hinder lateral sediment supply to the *** power index analysis indicates increased energy levels in the flowing water in the river's upper reaches(up to 404.8 W m^(-2)).This high energy is also observed in certain downstream sections(up to 337.6 W

关键词： Mountain stream Connectivity analysis Modelling Grain size analysis SlavíčRiver MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts

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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S v v Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of Geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski G.v.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

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Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Macroscopic Traffic Flow Models on Networks

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第3期4卷 986-1010页

作者： Lukášvacek václav Kučera Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversitySokolovská49/8318600 PragueCzech Republic

In this paper,we describe a numerical technique for the solution of macroscopic traffic flow models on networks of *** individual roads,we consider the standard Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model which is discretized using the discontinuous Galerkin method along with suitable *** solve traffic flows on networks,we construct suitable numerical fluxes at junctions based on preferences of the *** prove basic properties of the constructed numerical flux and the resulting scheme and present numerical experiments,including a junction with complicated traffic light patterns with multiple *** with the approach to numerical fluxes at junctions fromČanićet al.(J Sci Comput 63:233-255,2015)are discussed and demonstrated numerically on a simple network.

关键词： Traffic flow Conservations laws on networks Discontinuous Galerkin method Numerical flux

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Diversity of click beetles in managed nonnative coniferous and native beech stands: Consequences of changes in the structural and species composition of tree stands in Central Europe

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 596-605页

作者： václav Zumr Oto Nakladal JiríRemes Tereza Brestovanska váaclav Zumr Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesKamýcka 129Praha 6Suchdol16500Czech Republic The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening Kvetnove namestí391Průhonice25243Czech Republic SC*** Czech Republic

The natural composition of forests has undergone significant changes over recent centuries.A closer-to-natural tree species composition has long been perceived as key to a high *** investigated the impact on communities of click beetles(Elateridae)caused by changes in the tree species composition of spruce monocultures compared to reference sites of recently unmanaged natural beech *** collect data,passive interception traps were distributed within managed spruce stands of different age classes and natural beech forests of various developmental *** beetle species richness was slightly but not significantly higher in the beech *** saproxylic species group was significantly more common in the spruce stands,whereas the group of nonsaproxylic species was significantly more abundant in the beech *** the commercial stands,the significantly highest species richness was in the clearings(0–10-year-old stands),and at this forest age class,the vast majority of the beetle species occurred in the spruce *** the developmental stages of the natural forest,a slightly higher beetle richness was found at the disintegration *** study results suggested that different tree species compositions and stand structures affect the communities of click beetles and substantially change their species composition and thus their response to external ***,management of stands using diverse silvicultural systems is recommended for creating diverse ecological niches in forests.

关键词： Species richness Forest management Saproxylic beetles Nonsaproxylic beetles Dead wood Elateridae Canopy openness

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Autism spectrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microRNA biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

We performed a PubMed search for microRNAs in autism spectrum disorder that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were performed with whole blood,4 with blood plasma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear *** of the studies involved children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had performed microRNA sequencing or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to measure microRNA *** five studies had used real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to validate microRNA expression in autism spectrum disorder subjects compared to *** microRNAs that were validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder and include miR-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasma and miR-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum of children,and miR-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of *** important limitations were identified in the studies reviewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults having different levels of autism spectrum disorder severity and consideration should be given to using animal models of autism spectrum disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs as a novel therapy.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder biomarker blood cells blood plasma blood serum diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles whole blood

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MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observed i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular vesicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microRNAs(miRNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microRNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring miRNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray miRNA analysis,miRNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate miRNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** miRNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include miR-3130-5p in whole blood;miR-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;miR-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

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The diameter of beech snags is an important factor for saproxylic beetle richness: Implications for forest management and conservation

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第5期10卷 635-645页

作者： václav Zumr Oto Nakládal Lukás Bílek JiríRemes Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesKamýcka 129Praha 6–Suchdol16500Czech Republic

Snags are an important component of beech forests that promote ***,their occurrence is completely marginal in managed *** snags in these stands would greatly enhance *** investigated whether snag dimensions were important for saproxylic beetle richness since they were easily transferable parameters to forest management and assessed the presence of other snag microhabitats affecting beetle *** collection was performed using passive flight traps placed on thirty snags in a recent beech reserve.A total of 6706 adults belonging to 231 saproxylic species(53 Red List species,23%)were *** results showed that the most important snag parameters were the diameter(thickness)and canopy openness of the surrounding *** occurrence of Fomes fomentarius,the volume of snag and decay class 3 were marginally significant in terms of the preference of all saproxylic *** diversity was reduced by an advanced degree of decay and a surprisingly deep stem *** dividing snag thickness into categories(70 cm DBH),we found that categories with snag diameter greater than 35 cm showed little differences in all saproxylic and Red List species richness and diversity indices and exhibited the highest similarity in beetle *** recommendations to forest managers in terms of optimization and simplification of practical procedures,we suggest actively creating high stumps to act as snags greater than 35 cm in DBH diameter to promote biodiversity in beech management stands.

关键词： Deadwood Coleoptera Biodiversity Active management Endangered beetles

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Reflective feature location: knowledge in mind meets information in system

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第7期60卷 112-129页

作者： Xin PENG Zhengchang XING Sen PAN Wenyi QIAN vclav RAJLICH Wenyun ZHAO School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science Fudan University Research School of Computer Science Australian National University Department of Computer Science Wayne State University

Locating code entities relevant to a feature(i.e., feature location) is an important task in software maintenance. Feature location is challenging due to the information gap between the developer’s knowledge about a feature and the feature’s implementation in the system. In this paper, we present a reflective feature location approach Re FLex to bridge this gap. Re FLex automatically computes a reflexion model between the developer’s logical view of a feature and the feature’s implemented view reverse-engineered from the code. It provides interactive reflection support for the developer to refine the logical view and the feature location results such that the logical view and the implemented view converge gradually in an iterative feature location *** have implemented our approach as an Eclipse plugin and investigated the benefits and challenges in reflective feature location through a user study.

关键词： feature location information seeking reflexion model

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