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Reliability of Direct Observation in Posture Recording

Reliability of Direct Observation in Posture Recording

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the 6th pan-pacific conference on occupational ergonomics

作者： Tetsuya Hasegawa Masaharu Kumashiro Kyushu School of Engineering Kinki University JAPAN Department of ergonomics University of occupational and Environmental Health JAPAN

Lumbago is still common among workers engaged in the manufacturing industry and agriculture. Posture observation methods such as the OWAS method are inexpensive and relatively easy to use. However , the classifications that are used to record the angles of body parts differ according to the observation method. We performed fundamental experiments to determine the extent to which an observer can correctly analyze the posture of a worker,and investigated the reliability of the methods. We found that the percentages of correct answers varied according to on the angle of bending of the back. In particular,it was difficult to correctly judge postures when the body trunk was twisted. To raise the percentage of correct answers,classification methods should be improved and measures should be taken such as training observers in advance to assist them in judging angles of the back.

关键词： Work posture Direct observation

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Present State of ergonomics in the third World—A Legacy or Apathy?

Present State of Ergonomics in the Third World—A Legacy or ...

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the 6th pan-pacific conference on occupational ergonomics

作者： Rabiul Ahasan Dhanush Pilo Yukihiro Itoigawa Ram Maikala Work Science Lab Oulu University FINLAND Dhanush Pilo NOFRA Navy NagarColabaMumbaiINDIA Unisys Ltd. Koto-KuTokyoJAPAN Department of Human Kinetics University of Alberta EdmontonCANADA

the present state-of-the-art of ergonomics can be unlikely defined as the discrepancy of lacking of data and information that can not be easily applied in many workplaces. Likewise, while dealing with the non-concrete ideas and interests, ergonomics applications could not be applied in the entire situation of global need. An ergonomist however may not be able to establish much worth of human factors know how in the context of global need because of the professional boundary of ergonomics is based on multidisciplinary research and studies. For professional satisfaction, it can be argued that there are assumptions that potential benefit will be acquired if ergonomics criteria or human factors issues are uniformly applied to all the systems required. In this regard, an ergono

关键词： Defacto ergonomics Ethical issues Confusion Uncertainty Non-satisfaction Future role

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Variability in Activities and Postures during Electronic Assembly Work Assessed by Video-based Analysis System:A Preliminary Study

Variability in Activities and Postures during Electronic Ass...

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the 6th pan-pacific conference on occupational ergonomics

作者： Montakarn Chaikumarn Division of Industrial ergonomics Department of Human Work Sciences Lulea University of TechnologySWEDEN

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the variability of the analyst, the variability between and within operators by using a video-based computer analysissystem, called ’Videolys’. Activity and posture analyses were done. three operators from an electronic factory participated who were performing manual assembly work at one workstation. the results showed that the variability of the analyst was low. the variability between operators was higher than within operators’ variability. Sources of analyst’s variability came from the difficulty to see the operator’s hand in activity analysis, to see the reference point in the posture analysis. the variability between and within operators came from many sources;these were individual techniques, work sequences, work pace,

关键词： Variability Activity analysis Posture analysis Video-based analysis Production system Electronic assembly Observation method

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Anthropometry of Malaysian Industrial Workers

Anthropometry of Malaysian Industrial Workers

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the 6th pan-pacific conference on occupational ergonomics

作者： Nazaruddin Zahari Taha Sharifah Shameem Raja Ariffin Raja Ghazilla Iskandar Center for ergonomics in Design and Manufacturing Department of Engineering Design and Manufacturing Faculty of Engineering University of Malayai MALAYSIA

Work related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) is regarded as a major health problem amongst workers in industries today. Often it is caused by unsuitable design of workplaces. this paper presents the results of anthropometries data of industrial workers collected from various types of industries in Malaysia. the resulting data is compared with existing data from Japan and US that are often used for designing workplaces, task and equipment in Malaysian industries. the results had revealed some significant differences between certain body dimensions. these differences may be the cause of unnecessary strain or injuries experienced by the workers. the data can be used for improving workplace;task and equipment that is more suited towards the Malaysian workers and may prove crucial in reducing related injuries and illness.

关键词： Anthropometries data Musculoskeletal disorders Task Planning

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A Longitudinal Study on the Stability of an Outdoor Ergonomic Layout

A Longitudinal Study on the Stability of an Outdoor Ergonomi...

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the 6th pan-pacific conference on occupational ergonomics

作者： Klaus-Dieter Frhner Institute of ergonomics University of Technology Hamburg-Harburg GERMANY

the stability of ergonomic layout is a major concern when realising projects. In to-days economic environment there are many reasons for intervention and change because of dynamic development that override layouts. this asks for a less dynamic situation to analyse the stability of the impact on the handling of an installed ergonomic system. this is seen in an ergonomic designed illumination that was installed for a railroad yard. the reason for the installation was the unsatisfactory layout and operation of the old illumination system. After investigating the initial situation and installing a pilot lighting area,the ergonomic recommendations for the improvement of the whole lighting situation were put forward. On the basis of this the measures of improvement were carried out. Five years later, the results were evaluated according to the objective measurements and subjective judgments. this led to an enlarged explanation on the validity ofGerman and international standards of illumination. Five more years after the last evaluation, a generalized survey was undertaken to explain the effective factors for the stability of the system. thereby the international norms concerning railroad yards,the physiologically-dependent differences between younger and older employees in view of static and dynamic contrast as well as elements of the decision process are taken into account. the study ends up with acknowledgements concerning the impact on the stability of ergonomically designed processes.

关键词： Stability of an outdoor ergonomic layout Illumination Railroad yards

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