检索结果-南通市图书馆

Ammonia pollution characteristics of centralized drinking water sources in China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of environmental sciences 2012年第10期24卷 1739-1743页

作者： Qing Fu Binghui Zheng Xingru Zhao Lijing Wang Changming Liu College of Water sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Water ProtectionChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

The characteristics of ammonia in drinking water sources in China were evaluated during 2005-2009. The spatial distribution and seasonal changes of ammonia in different types of drinking water sources of 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities were investigated. The levels of ammonia in drinking water sources follow the order of fiver 〉 lake/reservoir 〉 groundwater. The levels of ammonia concentration in river sources gradually decreased from 2005 to 2008, while no obvious change was observed in the lakes/reservoirs and groundwater drinking water sources. The proportion of the type of drinking water sources is different in different regions. In river drinking water sources, the ammonia level was varied in different regions and changed seasonally. The highest value and wide range of annual ammonia was found in South East region, while the lowest value was found in Southwest region. In lake/reservoir drinking water sources, the ammonia levels were not varied obviously in different regions. In underground drinking water sources, the ammonia levels were varied obviously in different regions due to the geological permeability and the natural features of regions. In the drinking water sources with higher ammonia levels, there are enterprises and wastewater drainages in the protected areas of the drinking water sources.

关键词： ammonia centralized drinking water sources distribution China

A multi-scale modelling framework to guide management of plant invasions in a transboundary context

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 297-310页

作者： Joao Martins David M.Richardson Renato Henriques Elizabete Marchante Hélia Marchante Paulo Alves Mirijam Gaertner Joao P.Honrado Joana R.Vicente InBIO/CIBIO-Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos Universidade do Porto-Campus Agrario de VairaoRua Padre Armando Quintasn°74485-661 VairaoPortugal Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and ZoologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa Institute of Earth sciences(ICT/University of Minho/CCT) MinhoPortugal Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Coimbra3000-456 CoimbraPortugal Departamento de Ambiente Escola Superior Agraria de CoimbraInstituto Politecnico de CoimbraBencanta3045-601 CoimbraPortugal Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto Ediffcio FC4(Biologia)Rua do Campo Alegres/n4169-007 PortoPortugal environmental Resource Management Department Westlake Conservation OfficeOu Kaapse WegTokai7966 City of Cape TownSouth Africa

Background：Attention has recently been drawn to the issue of transboundary invasions,where species introduced and naturalized in one country cross international borders and become problematic in neighbouring *** modelling frameworks,able to identify the environmental drivers of invasion and forecast the current and future potential distribution of invasive species,are needed to study and manage *** due to the lack of species distribution and environmental data,or assumptions of modelling tools,often constrain the reliability of model ***：We present a multiscale spatial modelling framework for transboundary invasions,incorporating robust modelling frameworks（Multimodel Inference and Ensemble Modelling） to overcome some of the *** framework is illustrated using Hakea sericea Schrad.（Proteaceae）,a shrub or small tree native to Australia and invasive in several regions of the world,including the Iberian *** study scales were considered：regional scale（western Iberia,including mainland Portugal and Galicia） and local scale（northwest Portugal）.At the regional scale,the relative importance of environmental predictors sets was evaluated and ranked to determine the main general drivers for the species distribution,while the importance of each environmental predictor was assessed at the local *** potential distribution of *** was spatially projected for both scale ***：Model projections for western Iberia suggest that a large area is environmentally suitable in both Portugal and *** and landscape composition sets were the most important determinants of this regional distribution of the ***,a geological predictor（schist lithology） was more important in explaining its local-scale ***：After being introduced to Portugal,*** has become a transboundary invader by expanding in parts of Galicia（Spain）.The fact that a larger area is predicted as

关键词： Drivers of invasion Hakea sericea Multimodel inference Transboundary invasion management Species distribution models

Bio-Organic Geochemistry research in China: Advances,opportunities and challenges

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Earth sciences 2018年第12期61卷 1775-1780页

作者： Chuanlun ZHANG Ping'an PENG Meixun ZHAO Shucheng XIE Jianfang CHEN Weiguo LIU Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics Department of Ocean Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China) Ministry of Education/Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and environmental Geology School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry State Oceanic Administration State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences

The discipline of "Bio-Organic Geochemistry" is a cross research field between biogeochemistry and traditional organic geochemistry, which focuses on geochemical processes related to the biosynthesis of organic molecules(particularly lipids) by(micro) organisms, organic matter production by primary producers, degradation of organic matter by microbial processes recorded by retainable lipid biomarkers, and organic proxies for studies of paleo-climate, paleo-environments, paleoecology and Earth evolution. This field aims to go beyond the traditional petroleum-oriented Organic Geochemistry by integrating with biogeochemical concepts concerned mostly with biomolecules from cellular material such as DNA and lipids. A formal Chinese organization in Bio-Organic Geochemistry was established in 2012 when the first conference was held in Guangzhou. This organization has witnessed rapid growth over the past six years with focused research addressing organic proxies in paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental applications, with particular rapid development in glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers-derived proxies. Most progresses in China so far are made following or paralleling the international trend in biogeochemical studies. Things have begun to change with China's ambitious initiatives in several bio-geo programs such as the Ocean Deep Drilling Program of China, the Microbial Hydrosphere Program, the Deep Carbon Observatory, and the Microbiome Program. Looking forward in the 21 st Century, the growing Chinese research community in Bio-Organic Geochemistry faces grand opportunities and challenges as Chinese scientists propel themselves toward global research frontiers.

关键词： Bio-Organic Geochemistry Biogeochemistry Geomicrobiology Paleoclimate proxies Carbon cycles Microbial genomics

Deep Geothermal: The ‘Moon Landing' Mission in the Unconventional Energy and Minerals Space

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Earth Science 2015年第1期26卷 2-10页

作者： Klaus Regenauer-Lieb Andrew Bunger Hui Tong Chua Arcady Dyskin Florian Fusseis Oliver Gaede Rob Jeffrey Ali Karrech Thomas Kohl Jie Liu Vladimir Lyakhovsky Elena Pasternak Robert Podgorney Thomas Poulet Sheik Rahman Christoph Schrank Mike Trefry Manolis Veveakis Bisheng Wu David A.Yuen Florian Wellmann Xi Zhang School of Petroleum Engineering University of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052Australia Earth Science and Resource Engineering CSIROKensington WA 6151Australia School of Earth and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth WA 6000Australia Department of Civil and environmental Engineering & Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA School of Geosciences University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Science and Engineering Faculty School of EarthEnvironmental and Biological SciencesEarth SystemsQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KarlsruheGerman School of Earth Science and geological Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University geological Survey of Israel Jerusalem 95501Israel Idaho National Laboratory Idaho FallsUSA Land and Water CSIROFloreat Park WA 6014Australia School of environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Department of Earth sciences and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science (AICES) RWTH Aachen University52062 AachenGermany

Deep geothermal from the hot crystalline basement has remained an unsolved frontier for the geothermal industry for the past 30 years. This poses the challenge for developing a new unconventional geomechanics approach to stimulate such reservoirs. While a number of new unconventional brittle techniques are still available to improve stimulation on short time scales, the astonishing richness of failure modes of longer time scales in hot rocks has so far been overlooked. These failure modes represent a series of microscopic processes： brittle microfracturing prevails at low temperatures and fairly high deviatoric stresses, while upon increasing temperature and decreasing applied stress or longer time scales, the failure modes switch to transgranular and intergranular creep fractures. Accordingly, fluids play an active role and create their own pathways through facilitating shear localization by a process of time-dependent dissolution and precipitation creep, rather than being a passive constituent by simply following brittle fractures that are generated inside a shear zone caused by other localization mechanisms. We lay out a new theoretical approach for the design of new strategies to utilize, enhance and maintain the natural permeability in the deeper and hotter domain of geothermal reservoirs. The advantage of the approach is that, rather than engineering an entirely new EGS reservoir, we acknowledge a suite of creep-assisted geological processes that are driven by the current tectonic stress field. Such processes are particularly supported by higher temperatures potentially allowing in the future to target commercially viable combinations of temperatures and flow rates.

关键词： geothermal energy enhanced geothermal systems fracture mechanics creep dissolution precipitation.

The qanats of Xinjiang:historical development, characteristics and modern implications for environmental protection

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Arid Land 2012年第2期4卷 211-220页

作者： WenJun HU JieBin ZHANG YongQiang LIU Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China The international Economic ＆ Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center Ministry of Water Resources Beijing 100053 China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China

In China, qanats （kan＇erjing/karez） exist only in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, being one form of traditional irrigation technology that made great contributions to oasis civilizations. There are different opinions on the origin and date of the qanats in Xinjiang due to a lack of adequate evidences. And uncontrolled over-exploitation of groundwater by pumping wells, as well as the expansion of surface water interventions nowadays, has caused serious impacts on not only the qanats, but also local ecological environments. There exist long-time arguments on whether the qanats should be restored or preserved. This study aimed to examine the historical development, geological conditions and characteristics, and modern implications of the qanats for oasis environmental protection, and to discuss the initiatives taken by local governments. The whole Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region was in- cluded as the study area, with a specific focus on Turpan prefecture. The materials and data were obtained from literature review and governmental documentation. Based on a systematic examination of three prevailing theories on the origination of Xinjiang＇s qanats, it is suggested modern archaeological techniques could be good solutions to explore the origination in addition to historical records used normally. Although qanats fail to fully meet today＇s enormous water demands, their rich historical, cultural, ecological and environmental implications in arid areas should not be underestimated. As a cultural heritage and ecologically-friendly engineering creation, qanat systems shall be kept in good condition and function by a valuable number. Recent initiatives to protect and restore target qanat systems in Xinjiang could provide positive examples for the practices in other regions of the world where the protection and restoration of qanats or similar technologies are desired.

关键词： arid areas qanat (kan'erjing/karez) groundwater environmental protection oasis Xinjiang

Early Analogue Modeling Experiments and Related Studies to Today's Problems of Geo-electromagnetic Exploration

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of China University of Geosciences 2009年第3期20卷 618-625页

作者： László Szarka Geodetic and Geophysical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of sciences University of West-HungaryH-9401 Sopron POB 5 Hungary

As I learned it from extensive geo-electromagnetic analogue modeling experiments, some specific nonconventional interpretation parameters, in certain conditions, give more detailed information about the geometry of subsurface resistivity inhomogeneities than the routinely used parameters. In this article, I show several examples, and I present how these early results influenced our later research. An enhanced geometric sensitivity may be due to special array geometry （as we call it ＂null array＂）, or it may be due to a narrow and very special frequency range （i.e., the so-called ＂keyhole＂ range）. Nonconventional but physically based interpretation parameters （like the Poynting vector） or higher order invariants of resistivity or impedance tensors may also give useful additional information about the shape of subsurface bodies. One should be very careful in their application because a large part of these nontraditional approaches are strongly constrained by measuring errors and geological noise.

关键词： electromagnetic method analogue modeling null component rotational invariant.

Rational Exploitation of Resources and Prevention of Geohazards in Karst Regions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Rational Exploitation of Resources and Prevention of Geohaza...

Has the Problem of a Permanent El Nio been Resolved for the Mid-Pliocene?

The First international conference on Sustainable Development in Karst Regions & international Working Group Meeting of IGCP 448 World Correlation of Karst Ecosystems

作者： LU YaoruInstitute of Hydrogeology and environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of geological sciences, Zhengding 050803, China

This paper discusses the rational exploitation of main resources and prevention of geohazards inkarst *** exist relationship chains between natural disasters in the earth, which include the chainbetween geological hazards and climatic hazards, the chain between geological hazards and biogenic hazards aswell as the one between geological hazards. Irrational exploitation of all resources will inevitably cause *** it is very important to discuss the problem related to prevention of geohazards by rational exploitationof resources.

关键词： exploitation, resources, prevention, geohazard

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第6期5卷 445-448页

作者： ZHANG Zhong-Shi YAN Qing SU Jing-Zhi GAO Yong-Qi Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research UniResearch Bergen 5007 Norway Nansen-Zhu international Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China Nansen environmental and Remote Sensing Center Bergen 5006 Norway

The mid-Pliocene, the most recent warm geological period, is thought to be indicative of the fate of the Earth's climate under global warming. Earlier evidence has suggested that permanent El Nio-like conditions existed in the mid-Pliocene, though the concept of a permanent El Nio remains controversial. Here, the authors analyzed Nio 3.4 SST in pre-industrial and mid-Pliocene simulations with the low-resolution version of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM-L). The simulated mid-Pliocene Nio3.4 SST, with a smaller standard deviation, indicated that a weaker ENSO existed in the mid-Pliocene relative to the pre-industrial experiment. Compared with earlier modeling studies, our simulations show that the problem of ENSO's standard deviations in the mid-Pliocene remains unresolved, although the mean and the period of ENSO in the mid-Pliocene have been resolved by earlier geological and modeling studies.

关键词：厄尔尼诺上新世中期 ENSO 地质时期地球系统工业革命全球变暖

Frequent and prolonged nocturnal occupation of port areas by Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis): Forced choice for feeding?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 122-132页

作者： Zhitao WANG Tomonari AKAMATSU Zhigang MEI Lijun DONG Tomohito IMAIZUMI Kexiong WANG Ding WANG The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of sciences Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering IbarakiJapan

During the Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition 2012,Yangtze finless porpoises(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis)were acoustically monitored in 9 port areas at *** 6566 min of nocturnal monitoring,porpoise sonar was detected for 488 min(7.43%of the total time).Of all 81 encounters,the longest echolocation span obtained was 102.9 min,suggesting frequent and prolonged porpoise occupation of the port areas.A combined total of 2091 click trains were recorded,with 129(6.2%)containing minimum inter-click intervals(ICIs)below 10 ms(termed a buzz).Buzzes with a decrease in ICIs and search and approach phases that resembled feeding echolocation signals accounted for 44.2%(N=52)of all *** with an increase in ICIs,suggesting a mirrored prey capture phase,accounted for 20.2%(N=26)and could reflect attempts to locate escaped prey because they were followed by approach-phase feeding *** evidence of porpoises fleeing the proximity of vessels was *** recordings indicating clusters of porpoises feeding near the port areas suggest a forced choice for feeding due to the relatively higher prey availability in the port areas compared to other areas in the Yangtze River that are probably overfished.

关键词： feeding behavior nocturnal passive acoustic monitoring port area prey availability