The impact of drought stress throughout the entire growth period on the grain yield and quality of common peanut and high-oleic-acid peanut
作者单位：College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University
会议名称：《第二十届中国作物学会学术年会》
会议日期：2023年
摘 要：【Background】Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is a crucial oil crop worldwide, water scarcity significantly limits its yield and quality. The primary peanut-producing regions in China are mainly located in arid and semi-arid areas, where 70% of the crops suffer from varying degrees of drought stress annually, leading to an average annual yield reduction of over 20%. Prolonged drought stress can also negatively impact the content of nutrients by restricting nutrient absorption and transportation within peanut plants. Therefore, comprehending the physiological mechanisms underlying how drought stress affects peanut grain yield and quality is critical for successful cultivation.【 Materials and Methods 】 Using 18 common peanut varieties and 18 high-oleic-acid peanut varieties as experimental materials, we controlled the field moisture throughout the entire growth period. Two water gradients were set: moderate drought stress(50±5% FC) and normal watering(65±5% FC). We conducted measurements on factors contributing to peanut yield, total oil content, total protein content and fatty acid composition of each component after harvest.【Result and Analysis】Compared to normal water supply, drought stress period led to a higher decrease in high-oleic-acid peanut yield. Under drought stress, the oil content of high-oleic-acid peanuts significantly increased, while the protein content decreased significantly. The protein content of common peanuts showed a significant increase. The contents of oleic acid and docosanic acid in high-oleic-acid peanut decreased significantly, while the content of linoleic acid increased. The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid did not show significant changes in common peanuts. Correlation analysis among 8 fatty acids and yield components revealed that oleic acid content had a negative correlation with hexadecanoic acid and linoleic acid and a positive correlation with oil content. In terms of yield composition, oleic acid was positively correlated with