Trichothecium roseum Causes Fruit Rot of Polygonatum sibiricum in China
作者单位：Anhui Academy of Science and Technology Anhui Academy of Applied Technology
会议名称：《中国菌物学会2018年学术年会》
会议日期：2018年
学科分类：09[农学] 0904[农学-植物保护] 090401[农学-植物病理学] 090402[农学-农业昆虫与害虫防治]
基 金：supported by Anhui Province Postdoctoral foundation(2016B094) the science and technology key projects of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.17030801026)
关 键 词：Polygonatum sibiricum Fruit rot Trichothecium roseum
摘 要：Polygonatum sibiricum Hua(Asparagaceae) is an important perennial Chinese herb used for treatment of diabetes and asthma. Anhui Province is a leading producer of P. sibiricum in China, with approximately 100 ha of commercial production. In a survey from 2013 to 2014, a pink mold on the fruit was also frequently observed(at 5 to 10% incidence) in Qingyang County, Anhui Province, which comprised approximately 10 ha of production. Fruits exhibited white mycelium and salmon-colored spores on the surface, and severe internal rot. To isolate the causal organism, fragments(2 × 2 mm) were excised from 35 symptomatic fruits, surface-sterilized in1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, rinsed three times with sterilized water, plated on potato dextrose agar(PDA)medium, and incubated at 25°C for 7 days. Morphologically similar fungal isolates were recovered(n = 20) on 35 fruit collected from 20 commercial orchards, each of which produced pink to white fungal colonies with hyaline hyphae, simple or branched conidiophores, and conidia in basipetal chains(frequently clustered). Conidia were ellipsoidal or obpyriform. Almost all spores were two-celled(the upper cell slightly larger). Conidia measured14.2 to 17.9 × 6.9 to 11.2 μm. According to these cultural characteristics, the fungal isolates were identified as Trichothecium roseum. To validate the species identification, isolate QY-52 was selected for molecular identification by amplifying and sequencing the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(rDNA-ITS) region using the universal primer pair ITS4 and ITS5. Sequencing of the PCR product revealed 100% similarity with ITS rDNA sequences of T. roseum in GenBank(EU552162.1, JQ434579.1, and JN942882.1). A pathogenicity test was conducted using isolate QY-52 on six asymptomatic fruits of 10 3-year-old P. sibiricum plants, in which each fruit was wounded with a pushpin at one site/fruit. A conidial suspension(5 × 10 conidia/ml) was inoculated onto the wound of each fruit. An equal num