Super-resolution imaging and reconstructions of chromosome architecture in yeast and human cell
作者单位：Institut Pasteur
会议名称：《中国化学会-生物物理化学专业委员会第四届全国生物物理化学会议》
会议日期：2016年
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 071007[理学-遗传学] 0901[农学-作物学] 090102[农学-作物遗传育种]
关 键 词：super-resolution imaging chromosome architecture computational reconstruction genome organization
摘 要：Chromosomes are arranged non-randomly in the 3 D space of cellular nuclei. This architecture is important to key biological processes including gene expression and DNA repair, but remains poorly understood in detail. Genome-wide chromosome conformation capture(Hi-C) is currently the most powerful experimental technique to probe chromosomal structures. However, this technique does not directly provide a description of high-resolution chromosomal configurations in individual cells and remains blind to the dynamics of chromatin in live cells. In this research, we aim to develop experimental imaging and associated computational approaches to describe the structures and dynamics of chromosomes at high resolution in individual cells. We performed this by combining recent single molecule microscopy approaches with dedicated computational reconstruction methods, partly based on polymer physics. We then used these approaches to study the changes of chromosome configurations and analyze their relationship to gene expression and repair of DNA double strand breaks. This research shows generate new technologies and new fundamental knowledge in the areas of nuclear architecture and function.