Ketamine Addiction and Its Mechanisms
会议名称：《自主创新与持续增长第十一届中国科协年会》
会议日期：2009年
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100205[医学-精神病与精神卫生学] 10[医学]
关 键 词：toxicology ketamine addiction abuse
摘 要：Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative acting primarily as a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Its mechanism is complex and it can bind to a variety of receptors, involving NMDA receptor, opioid receptor, monoamine receptor, acetylcholine receptor and voltage-gated calcium channel receptor. In addition to the traditional anesthesia and pre-analgesic effect, ketamine also has anti-inflammatory, anti-seizure, the lifting of bronchospasm, and other pharmacological effects. Ketamine was widely abused in various places of entertainment because of hallucination and addiction. This article summarizes the pharmacology and toxicology of ketamine and ketamine abuse, discusses the possible mechanisms of ketamine addiction, from following aspects related to the mechanisms of drug addiction: enhanced effects and reward systems, anatomical structures and NMDA receptor.