Institutional, Regulatory, and Municipality‐Specific Factors Affecting Wastewater Prices: The Case of North Carolina Municipalities
作者单位：Graduate School of Governance Sungkyunkwan University 53 Myeongnyun-dong 3-ga Jongno-gu Seoul 110-745 Republic of Korea Department of Public Administration Inha University 253 Yonghyun-dong Nam-gu Incheon 402-751 Republic of Korea Social Science Research Institute Chungbuk National University 52 Naesudong-ro Heungdeuk-gu Cheongju-si Chungbuk 361-763 Republic of Korea
会议名称：《资源型地区可持续发展与政策国际会议暨国际区域科学学会第三次年会》
会议日期：2012年
学科分类：083002[工学-环境工程] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 08[工学]
关 键 词：price of wastewater services institutional arrangements and characteristics North Carolina municipalities
摘 要：The public sector, including local governments, is mainly responsible for the delivery of wastewater services in the United States. But wastewater prices are considerably different from place to place. This paper examines what factors and characteristics contribute to those differences. To do so, it employs the price equation for wastewater services and utilizes North Carolina municipality data for years 2000 and 2002. Empirical findings indicate that several institutional arrangements and characteristics are important in explaining wastewater prices. When sewer bill is charged on a monthly basis or when a city delivers wastewater services to people outside the city limits and charges different rates to them compared with citizens inside the city limits, wastewater prices get decreased. On the contrary, when a city levies minimum charges, when an increasing rate structure is used, or when the Council-Manager form of government is adopted, wastewater prices get increased. Several supply factors and characteristics affect wastewater prices as well. When a city has large wastewater treatment capacity, when it has its own treatment facility, or when it has a grease reduction program, wastewater prices get decreased. When a city implements an infiltration and inflow (I&I) maintenance program or when it implements a stormwater management program, wastewater prices get increased.