Using highly conserved low—copy nuclear genes to reconstruct well-resolved phylogenies of animals,fungi,plants and highly divergent eukaryotes
作者单位：Department of Plant Pathologythe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA
会议名称：《后植物志时代的系统与进化植物学——2011年全国系统与进化植物学暨第十届青年学术研讨会》
会议日期：2011年
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 071007[理学-遗传学] 0901[农学-作物学] 090102[农学-作物遗传育种]
摘 要：A comprehensive and reliable eukaryotic tree of life is important for many aspects of biological studies from comparative developmental and physiological analyses to translational medicine and *** gene-rich and taxon-rich approaches are effective strategies to improve phylogenetic accuracy and are greatly facilitated by marker genes that are universally distributed,well conserved and orthologous across *** have identified over 900 genes useful for phylogenomic studies and show that these genes can robustly resolve the eukaryotic phylogeny,even for difficult deep eukaryotic *** addition,we demonstrate that a smaller subset(0) of these genes could resolve controversial relationships among widely divergent taxa and at various depths in the eukaryotic tree of life, providing strong support for difficult relationships such as the monophyly and branching order of some eukaryotic *** supergroups,these marker genes resulted in fungal phylogenies that are congruent with previous phylogenies,with Microsporidia as sister to *** animals,we found high supports for both deep level branching patterns such as the monophyly of Protostomia and Ecdysozoa,and specific hypotheses for rooting the placental *** genes could be obtained from both plants and fungi through PCR with degenerate primers,and facilitated construction of highly supported phylogenies with resolved relationships among *** the well-supported angiosperm relationships are well-known major groups such as monophyly of eudicots,monocots,magnoliids,and many ordinal clades, as well as the placement of Amborellales,Nymphaeales,and Austrobaileyales as successive sister groups of other flowering *** sequence comparison among angiosperms indicates that these genes contain more informative sites than the commonly used chloroplast genes,and that closely related species still show sequence divergence in some coding regions and in *** are