西非与南美东部的关联盆地的对比——基于构地质学和地层学的分析

作     者：Ahmed Suhail 

作者单位：浙江大学 

学位级别：硕士

导师姓名：Chen Hanlin;Lin Xiubin

授予年度：2016年

学科分类：070904[理学-构造地质学] 0709[理学-地质学] 07[理学] 

主      题：盆地 地质运动 板块构造 南大西洋 西非地区 南美地区 

摘      要：In this work, the main evidence and conclusions regarding the geological links between the basins of South American margin （Espirito Santos basin, Pelotas basin ＆ Colorado basin） with the conjugate margin of Western African （Kwanza basin, Walvis basin ＆ Orange basin） Many research works have been done in both margins of South Atlantic and Western African like sedimentation history and tectonic evolution. However, there are some cognition needs to be unified, and some geologic problems need to be further researched, such as the deposition of salt, extension of the basin, and the sedimentation history along the comparative *** basins were formed during the breakup of Gondwana, while the South Atlantic Ocean started to open during the Late Cretaceous at ca.131.7Ma, the sedimentation history between the Late Jurassic and present are broadly similar on both margins, where these basins are filled with the Cretaceous, Tertiary and the Quaternary sediments. However, the sediment of the Late Jurassic only deposit at Colorado basin in South American margin and at Kwanza basin and Orange basin in Western African margin. Sedimentation proceeded from the deposition of continental pre- and syn-rift facies, through syn-rift lacustrine, the turbiditic and transgressive shales, to shallow marine carbonates and evaporitic units before the deposition of a post rift marine transgressive and regressive *** the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean there were some major events （i.e, the Parana ＆ Etendeka volcanic plume, salt deposition before the opening of South Atlantic）, these events at these two margins could be well matched. Tectonically, South Atlantic Ocean are divided into four major segments from South to North:the Falkland segment, the South segment, the Central segment and the Equatorial segment. South Atlantic Ocean contains two kinds of passive margins which are the thick crust volcanic margin and the thin-crust non-volcanic margin. The volcanic passive ma