Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx as a Mechanism of Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis
Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx as a Mechanism of Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis作者机构：Department of Rehabilitation/Regenerative Medicine and Cell Design Research Facility School of Allied Health Sciences Kitasato University Sagamihara Japan Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kitasato University Sagamihara Japan
出 版 物：《World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases》 (心血管病（英文）)
年 卷 期：2020年第10卷第10期
页 面：731-749页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100201[医学-内科学(含：心血管病、血液病、呼吸系病、消化系病、内分泌与代谢病、肾病、风湿病、传染病)] 10[医学]
主 题：Vascular Endothelial Function Inflammation Oxidative Stress Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Disease Management
摘 要：Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of organized processes that include vascular endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumulation, abnormal inflammatory reaction, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and vascular cell proliferation and migration. In patients with atherosclerosis, vascular endothelial dysfunction is commonly observed with the damage of vascular endothelial glycocalyx, which is an extracellular matrix bound to and encapsulating the endothelial cells that line the blood vessel wall. Unhealthy lifestyle choices such as smoking and physical inactivity also induce glycocalyx degradation. Additionally, vascular endothelial glycocalyx can be damaged by various pathological conditions including dehydration, acute infectious disease, trauma, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Kawasaki disease, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, atherosclerosis, stroke, dementia, microvascular angina, acute coronary syndrome, and heart failure. Vascular endothelial glycocalyx has been shown to be important as a physical cytoprotective barrier for vascular endothelial cells and as a regulatory mechanism for intracellular cell signaling. Therefore, vascular endothelial glycocalyx has immense potential in the exploration of novel strategies for the evaluation of beneficial conditions of healthy vasculature.
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