Endoscopic assisted facial rejuvenation: a 35 year personal journey

作     者：Oscar M.Ramirez Oscar M. Ramirez

作者机构：Department Plastic Surgery Cleveland Clinic FloridaAdjunct Clinical FacultyCleveland ClinicFL 33331USA 

出 版 物：《Plastic and Aesthetic Research》 (整形与美容研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第7卷第5期

页      面：26-46页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100201[医学-内科学(含：心血管病、血液病、呼吸系病、消化系病、内分泌与代谢病、肾病、风湿病、传染病)] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Endoscopic face lift videoendoscopy facial rejuvenation high definition face picograft ogee face midface 

摘      要：Aim:Traditional facelift techniques rely on *** approach the superficial or intermediate layers where the facial nerves and muscles are located,increasing the risk of facial nerve *** approach the central oval from the periphery and produce unnatural vectors of pull and aesthetic *** techniques that work on the subperiosteal plane using endoscopic techniques are *** concepts of volume augmentation,beautification and rejuvenation of the facial expression are an inherent part of such techniques,or can be easily ***:The central oval is approached via four small scalp incisions and additional intraoral,upper gingivo-buccal *** interconnected frontal subperiosteal,temporal subfascial and midface subperiosteal areas are lifted,imbricated and suspended *** brow/forehead is suspended to the skull using cortical *** midface and lower periorbita are suspended to the fascia of the temporal *** buccal fat pad is used to enhance the ogee line of the *** three-dimensional volumetric maneuvers can easily be *** this setting,upper and lower lid blepharoplasties become more straightforward,skin only *** or nicotine damaged skin can be treated with lasers,peels or fluidified fat grafting in the same *** excess skin on the lower face and neck can be redrapped with standard cervicofacial *** subplatysmal cervicoplasty can be done concomitantly,or at another time to complete comprehensive ***:The procedures described herein has been performed in 824 patients with excellent aesthetic results and low complication *** average rate of rejuvenation was 18 years. ;Conclusion:These combination techniques are called Biplanar Endoscopic Assisted Mask and Triplanar Endoscopic Assisted Mask facial *** are advanced techniques of facial rejuvenation that provide comprehensive,natural,long lasting results.