Ice-templated porous tungsten and tungsten carbide inspired by natural wood

作     者：Yuan Zhang Guoqi Tan Da Jiao Jian Zhang Shaogang Wang Feng Liu Zengqian Liu Longchao Zhuo Zhefeng Zhang Sylvain Deville Robert O.Ritchie Yuan Zhang;Guoqi Tan;Da Jiao;Jian Zhang;Shaogang Wang;Feng Liu;Zengqian Liu;Longchao Zhuo;Zhefeng Zhang;Sylvain Deville;Robert O.Ritchie

作者机构：Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for MaterialsInstitute of Metal Research.Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Mechanical EngineeringLiaoning Shihua UniversityFushun 113001China School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an University of TechnologyXi'an710048China Laboratoire De Synthese Et Fonctionnalisation Des CeramiquesUMR3080 CNRS/Saint-Gobain CREESaint-Gobain Research ProvenceCavaillon 84306France Department ofMateriab Science and EngineeringUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA 

出 版 物：《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 (材料科学技术（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第42卷第10期

页      面：187-197页

核心收录：

学科分类：08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 0806[工学-冶金工程] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 0703[理学-化学] 0802[工学-机械工程] 0801[工学-力学（可授工学、理学学位）] 0702[理学-物理学] 

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51871216 and 51501190) the Opening Project of Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of High-end Structural Materials(Grant No.hsm1801) provided by the U.S.Air Force Office of Scientific Research,under MURI grant AFSOR-FA9550-15-1-0009 to the University of California Riverside through a subcontract to the University of California Berkeley。 

主　　题：Ice-templating Tungsten Scaffolds Fracture mechanisms Bioinspired materials 

摘      要：The structures of tungsten and tungsten carbide scaffolds play a key role in determining the properties of their infiltrated composites for multifunctional applications.However,it is challenging to construct and control the architectures by means of self-assembly in W/WC systems because of their large densities.Here we present the development of unidirectionally porous architectures,with high porosities exceeding 65 vol.%,for W and WC scaffolds which in many respects reproduce the design motif of natural wood using a direct ice-templating technique.This was achieved by adjusting the viscosities of suspensions to retard sedimentation during freezing.The processing,structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the resulting scaffolds were investigated with the correlations between them explored.Quantitative relationships were established to describe their strengths based on the mechanics of cellular solids by taking into account both inter-and intra-lamellar pores.The fracture mechanisms were also identified,especially in light of the porosity.This study extends the effectiveness of the ice-templating technique for systems with large densities or particle sizes.It further provides preforms for developing new natureinspired multifunctional materials,as represented by W/WC-Cu composites.