Glutamate in cancers:from metabolism to signaling

作     者：Haowei Yi Geoff Talmon Jing Wang Haowei Yi;Geoff Talmon;Jing Wang

作者机构：Department of GeneticsCell Biology and AnatomyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198USA. Department of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198USA. Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied DiseasesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198USA. 

出 版 物：《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 (生物医学研究杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第34卷第4期

页      面：260-270页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by NIH/NCI ROICA140988-01 to JW partially supported by Chinese Scholar Council to HY。 

主　　题：glutamate cancers metabolism glutamate receptors glutamate transporters 

摘      要：Glutamine and glutamate are major bioenergy substrates for normal and cancer cell growth.Cancer cells need more biofuel than normal tissues for energy supply,anti-oxidation activity and biomass production.Genes related to metabolic chains in many cancers are somehow mutated,which makes cancer cells more glutamate dependent.Meanwhile,glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter for conducting signals through binding with different types of receptors in central neuron system.Interestingly,increasing evidences have shown involvement of glutamate signaling,guided through their receptors,in human malignancy.Dysregulation of glutamate transporters,such as excitatory amino acid transporter and cystine/glutamate antiporter system,also generates excessive extracellular glutamate,which in turn,activates glutamate receptors on cancer cells and results in malignant growth.These features make glutamate an attractive target for anti-cancer drug development with some glutamate targeted but blood brain barrier impermeable anti-psychosis drugs under consideration.We discussed the relevant progressions and drawbacks in this field herein.