1980—2001年澳大利亚西部土著与非土著婴幼儿死亡率模式、趋势以及种群差异增大现象的分析:群体数据库研究

作     者：Freemantle C.J. Read A.W. de Klerk N.H 张振 

作者机构：Telethon Institute for Child Health ResearchCentre for Child Health Research University of Western Australia Perth Australia Dr. 

出 版 物：《世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册）》 (Dkgest of the World Latest Medical Information)

年 卷 期：2006年第2卷第11期

页      面：1-2页

学科分类：12[管理学] 1204[管理学-公共管理] 120402[管理学-社会医学与卫生事业管理(可授管理学、医学学位)] 1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 10[医学] 

主　　题：婴幼儿死亡 活产儿 澳大利亚西部 数据库研究 卫生保健水平 病例数量 新生儿死亡率 死亡原因 医疗保 

摘      要：Background: Since there are known disparities between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations in Australia,trends in infant mortality rates can be used to assess the effectiveness of programmes designed to improve the health of Aboriginal populations. We have examined mortality rates in these populations in Western ***: We used the most comprehensive and validtotal population data available for an Australian state to determine all-cause and cause-specific mortality for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal infants born in Western Australia from 1980 to 2001. Findings: Overall, infant mortality rates fell in both populations, but less so in Aboriginal(from 25.0 in 1980-84 to 16.1 in 1998-2001) than in non-Aboriginal infants (from 8.4 in 1980-84 to 3.7 in 1998-2001) such that disparities between the two groups increased for all major causes of infant death. The relative risk for Aboriginal compared with non-Aboriginal infants rose from 3.0 (95%CI 2.5-3.6) to 4.4 (3.5-5.5), and there were significantly more potentially preventable deaths,such as those caused by infections (5.9 per 1000 livebirths vs 0.7 per 1000 livebirths, RR 8.5, 95%CI 7.1-10.2). Additionally, for Aboriginal infants, postneonatal mortality rates were higher than neonatal mortality rates (11.2 per 1000 livebirths vs 9.7 per 1000 livebirths), trend analyses showed that previous reductions in deaths due to pretermbirth (4.3 per 1000 livebirths-1.4 per 1000 livebirths from 1980-97) were not sustained in the most recent years studied (3.5 per 1000 livebirths), and rates of sudden infant death syndrome did not fall significantly (4.9 per1000 livebirths vs 4.7 per 1000 livebirths). Interpretation:These increasing disparities between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal infants, especially in remote areas, demand immediate action in partnership with Aboriginal communities,focusing on both access to primary health care and better living conditions. Implementation and assessment of policies to reduce the cont