Hepatitis C and pregnancy

作     者：Annarosa Floreani 

作者机构：Department of SurgeryOncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of Padova35128 PadovaItaly 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 (世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2013年第19卷第40期

页      面：6714-6720页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100211[医学-妇产科学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Hepatitis C virus Pregnancy Virus transmission Liver damage Viral RNA 

摘      要：Acute hepatitis C is a rare event in pregnancy. The most common scenario is chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection in pregnancy. During pregnancy in women with chronic HCV infection a significant reduction in mean alanine aminotransferase levels has been reported,with a rebound during the postpartum period. In few cases exacerbation of chronic hepatitis C has been reported in pregnancy. A cofactor that might play a role in the reduction of liver damage is the release of endogenous interferon from the placenta. Observations regarding serum HCV-RNA concentration have been *** some women HCV-RNA levels rise toward the end of pregnancy. In general,pregnancy does not have a negative effect on HCV infection. Conversely,chronic hepatitis does not appear to have an adverse effect on the course of pregnancy,or the birth weight of the newborn infant. The role of spontaneous abortion is approximately the same as in the general population. The overall rate of mother-to-child transmission for HCV is3%-5% if the mother is known to be anti-HCV ***-infection with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)increases the rate of mother-to-child transmission up to19.4%. Numerous risk factors for vertical transmission have been studied. In general,high viral load defined as at least 2.5 × 106viral RNA copies/mL,HIV co-infection,and invasive procedures are the most important factors. Both interferon and ribavirin are contraindicated during pregnancy. Viral clearance prior to pregnancy increases the likelihood that a woman remains nonviremic in pregnancy with a consequent reduced risk of vertical transmission.