Chlorinated paraffins in the technosphere:A review of available information and data gaps demonstrating the need to support the Stockholm Convention implementation
作者机构：Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas FilhoLaboratorio de Micropoluentes Jan JapengaAv.Carlos Chagas Filho373Rio de JaneiroRJ21941-902Brazil POPs Environmental ConsultingSchw€abisch Gmünd73527Germany
出 版 物：《Emerging Contaminants》 (新兴污染物（英文）)
年 卷 期：2020年第6卷第1期
页 面：143-154页
学科分类：1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 083001[工学-环境科学] 1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 08[工学]
主 题：SCCPs MCCPs LCCPs Lifecycle Pollution control Consumer goods Persistent organic pollutants Human exposure
摘 要：Chlorinated paraffins(CPs)have been produced for a wide range of applications,mostly in open uses,such as metalworking fluids,lubricants,coolants or additives in consumer *** production volume is more than one million tonnes requiring control of the lifecycle of these persistent and bioaccumulative *** May 2017,the Stockholm Convention amended its Annex A to list short chain chlorinated paraffins(SCCPs)as a Persistent Organic Pollutant(POP).Additionally,a limit for the presence of SCCPs in other CP mixtures was set at 1%by *** can be released to the environment throughout their ***,the major objective of this review was to assess and compile information on SCCPs and other CPs regarding their lifecycle in the technosphere to support the Stockholm Convention implementation.A few studies have assessed CP production plants and contamination in the surrounding ***,there was no systematic investigation of release routes from production and no assessment of associated landfills,even though these are known major pollution sources at other organochlorine production *** studies have reported that industrial areas,where CPs have likely been used,have elevated levels of CPs in sediments and ***,although CPs are largely released when used as metalworking fluids or lubricants,no systematic assessment of releases has been conducted at the thousands of sites where CPs are used in high *** CPs,mainly medium chain chlorinated paraffins(MCCPs)and SCCPs,are used as additives in the production of consumer goods,resulting in exposure *** above the European Union regulation for SCCPs of 1500 mg kg^-1 and up to approx.20%are frequently *** end-of-life management of CP-containing products is difficult since no labelling requirement exists even for products containing *** Stockholm Convention prohibits the recycling of SCCP-containing products,which will result in challenges recycling the imp
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