The High Energy X-ray telescope (HE) onboard the Insight-HXMT astronomy satellite

作     者：CongZhan Liu YiFei Zhang XuFang Li XueFeng Lu Zhi Chang ZhengWei Li AiMei Zhang YongJie Jin HuiMing Yu Zhao Zhang MinXue Fu YiBao Chen JianFeng Ji YuPeng Xu JingKang Deng RenCheng Shang GuoQing Liu FangJun Lu ShuangNan Zhang YongWei Dong TiPei Li Mei Wu YanGuo Li HuanYu Wang BoBing Wu YongJie Zhang Zhi Zhang ShaoLin Xiong Yuan Liu Shu Zhang HongWei Liu YiJung Yang Fan Zhang CongZhan Liu;YiFei Zhang;XuFang Li;XueFeng Lu;Zhi Chang;ZhengWei Li;AiMei Zhang;YongJie Jin;HuiMing Yu;Zhao Zhang;MinXue Fu;YiBao Chen;JianFeng Ji;YuPeng Xu;JingKang Deng;RenCheng Shang;GuoQing Liu;FangJun Lu;ShuangNan Zhang;YongWei Dong;TiPei Li;Mei Wu;YanGuo Li;HuanYu Wang;BoBing Wu;YongJie Zhang;Zhi Zhang;ShaoLin Xiong;Yuan Liu;Shu Zhang;HongWei Liu;YiJung Yang;Fan Zhang

作者机构：Key Laboratory of Particle AstrophysicsInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Engineering PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China 

出 版 物：《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 (中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第63卷第4期

页      面：20-34页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 070401[理学-天体物理] 0704[理学-天文学] 

基　　金：China National Space Administration(CNSA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400800) the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDA04010202,XDA04010300,and XDB23040400) 

主　　题：X-ray telescope HXMT calibration scintillation detector 

摘      要：The Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(Insight-HXMT) is a broadband X-ray and γ-ray(1-3000 ke V) astronomy satellite. One of its three main telescopes is the High Energy X-ray telescope(HE). The main detector plane of HE comprises 18 Na I(Tl)/Cs I(Na) phoswich detectors, where Na I(Tl) is used as the primary detector to measure ~ 20-250 ke V photons incident from the field of view(FOV) defined by collimators, and Cs I(Na) is used as the active shielding detector to Na I(Tl) by pulse shape discrimination. Additionally, Cs I(Na) is used as an omnidirectional γ-ray monitor. The HE collimators have a diverse FOV,i.e. 1.1°×5.7°(15 units), 5.7°×5.7°(2 units), and blocked(1 unit). Therefore, the combined FOV of HE is approximately5.7°×5.7°. Each HE detector has a diameter of 190 mm resulting in a total geometrical area of approximately 5100 cm2, and the energy resolution is ~15% at 60 ke V. For each recorded X-ray event by HE, the timing accuracy is less than 10 μs and the deadtime is less than 10 μs. HE is used for observing spectra and temporal variability of X-ray sources in the 20-250 ke V band either by pointing observations for known sources or scanning observations to unveil new sources. Additionally, HE is used for monitoring the γ-ray burst in 0.2-3 Me V band. This paper not only presents the design and performance of HE instruments but also reports results of the on-ground calibration experiments.