Restoration of Stocks of the Sea Cucumber <i>Holothuria fuscogilva</i>in the Red Sea with Transplanted Wild Juveniles

作     者：Mohamed Hamza Hasan Kelly S. Johnson 

作者机构：Faculty of Fisheries Resources Suez University El Salam-1 Suez Egypt Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens OH USA 

出 版 物：《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 (水资源与保护（英文）)

年 卷 期：2019年第11卷第8期

页      面：959-980页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Beche-de-Mer Growth Rate Gulf of Aqaba Mortality Restocking 

摘      要：Over the last decade, holothuroid sea cucumbers in the Gulf of Aqaba of the Red Sea have been the target of continuous fishing. This has severely depleted sea cucumber stocks, especially the high-value species such as Holothuria fuscogilva. The present work demonstrates that restocking populations of H. fuscogilva that are at critically and chronically low levels by transplanting wild-captured juveniles can be effective. Juveniles were translocated from a robust population at Pharoan Island and released into two sites (Wadi Quny and Hidden Bay). Population density, growth rate and mortality at the original and two release sites were monitored for 2 yrs. The Pharoan population density was highest, with H. fuscogilva showing a strong preference for sandy habitat (21.3 - 18.4 ind./100m2), over seagrasses (3.6 - 2.5 ind./100m2) and corals (0.9 - 1.7 ind./100m2). The restocked population at Wadi Quny increased from 2.6 to 9.8 ind./100m2 from 2013-2015. In contrast, density at Hidden Bay decreased from 2.8 to only 0.1 ind./100m2 in the first year. Sea cucumbers in the restocked population at Wadi Quny had higher growth rates (0.65 - 1.29 cm/month) compared to the original population at Pharoan Island (0.21 - 0.45 cm/month), while Hidden Bay showed a negative growth rate. Mortality was low at Pharoan Island (1% - 2%) and Wadi Quny (0.5% - 0.75%), but high at Hidden Bay (49% - 100% in the first year). There was a negative relationship between mortality and size (P = 0.003). The restocking of H. fuscogilva populations using wild-captured juveniles was very successful at Wadi Quny but a failure at Hidden Bay.