Glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential of the brachial plexus: A case report

作     者：Pichaya Thanindratarn Thanapon Chobpenthai Termphong Phorkhar Scott D Nelson 

作者机构：Department of Orthopedic SurgeryChulabhorn hospitalHRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical ScienceChulabhorn Royal AcademyLak SiBangkok 10210Thailand Department of Orthopedic SurgerySarcoma Biology LaboratoryDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90024United States Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90404United States 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 (世界临床病例杂志)

年 卷 期：2019年第7卷第18期

页      面：2815-2822页

核心收录：

学科分类：10[医学] 

主　　题：Glomus tumor Glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential Brachial plexus Case report 

摘      要：BACKGROUND Glomus tumor is an uncommon benign tumor usually presenting with a small mass occurring in the dermis or soft tissue of an extremity, especially subungual region. However, intraneural glomus tumor is sporadic. While most of the glomus tumors are benign, atypical glomus tumors with unusual features can be occasionally found, leading to distinctive malignant potential required different therapeutic approaches. Glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential is one type of atypical glomus tumor with limited criteria for malignancy and without metastasis. CASE SUMMARY Herein, we report a case of a 48-year-old Thai male with a large painful mass in his axilla for one year without apparent neurological deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large heterogeneous mass encasing entire posterior cord of left brachial plexus and axillary artery. The tumor tissue from core needle biopsy histologically demonstrated the sheets and cords of relatively uniform tumor cells with foamy cytoplasm and round to oval hyperchromatic nuclei without atypia. The mitotic count was 0 per 50 high power field. A final diagnosis of glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential was rendered. Complete surgical resection was performed, followed by adjuvant radiation due to positive margin. Neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis was observed at 2-year follow up. Unfortunately, postoperative incomplete brachial plexopathy without signs of reinnervation by electromyography was persisted. Later nerve grafting reconstruction was performed, followed by ongoing neurological rehabilitation. CONCLUSION Glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential is exceedingly rare, especially around brachial plexus. Although the prognosis is good, careful histological diagnosis and treatment are needed to achieve an optimal outcome with lower morbidity.