Nanocarriers as a powerful vehicle to overcome blood-brain barrier in treating neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on recent advances

作     者：Xiaoqian Niu Jiejian Chen Jianqing Gao 

作者机构：Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Interventionthe Second Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310058China 

出 版 物：《Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences》 (亚洲药物制剂科学（英文）)

年 卷 期：2019年第14卷第5期

页      面：480-496页

核心收录：

学科分类：100702[医学-药剂学] 1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1006[医学-中西医结合] 1002[医学-临床医学] 100602[医学-中西医结合临床] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81620108028) 

主　　题：Neurodegenerative diseases Blood-brain barrier Nanocarriers Neurotoxicity 

摘      要：Neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis throw a heavy burden on families and society. Related scientific researches make tardy progress. One reason is that the known pathogeny is just the tip of the iceberg. Another reason is that various physiological barriers,especially blood-brain barrier(BBB),hamper effective therapeutic substances from reaching site of action. Drugs in clinical treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are basically administered orally. And generally speaking,the brain targeting efficiency is pretty low. Nanodelivery technology brings hope for neurodegenerative diseases. The use of nanocarriers encapsulating molecules such as peptides and genomic medicine may enhance drug transport through the BBB in neurodegenerative disease and target relevant regions in the brain for regenerative processes. In this review,we discuss BBB composition and applications of nanocarriers-liposomes,nanoparticles,nanomicelles and new emerging exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore,the disadvantages and the potential neurotoxicity of nanocarriers according pharmacokinetics theory are also discussed.