Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and“novel”brominated flame retardants in floor and elevated surface house dust from Iraq:Implications for human exposure assessment

作     者：Layla Salih Al-Omran Stuart Harrad 

作者机构：School of GeographyEarthand Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Division of Food ScienceCollege of AgricultureUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq 

出 版 物：《Emerging Contaminants》 (新兴污染物（英文）)

年 卷 期：2016年第2卷第1期

页      面：7-13页

学科分类：1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 081704[工学-应用化学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 070303[理学-有机化学] 0703[理学-化学] 

基　　金：financial support and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research(MOHESR)for administrative support 

主　　题：PBDEs NBFRs Floor dust Elevated surface dust Iraq Human exposure 

摘      要：Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and selected novel brominated flame retardants(NBFRs)were measured in indoor dust from the living areas of 18 homes in Basrah,*** is the first report of contamination of the Iraqi environment with these *** evaluate the implications for human exposure,samples were collected from both the floor and from elevated surfaces like tables,shelves and *** normalised for the organic carbon content of the dust sample,concentrations in elevated surface dust of BDE-99,BDE-209,pentabromoethylbenzene(PBEB),bis(2-ethylhexyl)3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalate(BEH-TEBP),and decabromodiphenylethane(DBDPE)exceeded significantly(p0.05)those in floor dust from the same *** suggests that previous studies that base estimates of adult exposure via dust ingestion on floor dust,may underestimate *** underestimation is less likely for toddlers who are far more likely to ingest floor *** of PBDEs and NBFRs in indoor dust from Basrah,Iraq are at the lower end of levels reported *** PBDE contamination pattern in our samples suggests that use in Iraq of the Deca-BDE formulation,exceeds substantially that of Penta-BDE,but that use of the Octa-BDE formulation has been higher in Iraq than in some other ***,our estimates of exposure to our target BFRs via dust ingestion for the Iraqi population fall well below the relevant health-based limit values.