Osteoarticular manifestations of human brucellosis:A review

作     者：Seyed Mokhtar Esmaeilnejad-Ganji Seyed Mohammad Reza Esmaeilnejad-Ganji 

作者机构：Clinical Research Development Center Shahid Beheshti Hospital Babol University of Medical Sciences Department of Orthopedics Babol University of Medical Sciences Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Boston University School of Medicine 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Orthopedics》 (世界骨科杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第10卷第2期

页      面：54-62页

学科分类：0403[教育学-体育学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Brucellosis Brucella Osteoarticular manifestations Musculoskeletal pain Bone Joint 

摘      要：Brucellosis is a common global zoonotic disease, which is responsible for a range of clinical manifestations. Fever, sweating and musculoskeletal pains are observed in most patients. The most frequent complication of brucellosis is osteoarticular involvement, with 10% to 85% of patients affected. The sacroiliac(up to 80%) and spinal joints(up to 54%) are the most common affected *** and spondylodiscitis are the most frequent complications of brucellar spinal involvement. Peripheral arthritis, osteomyelitis, discitis, bursitis and tenosynovitis are other osteoarticular manifestations, but with a lower prevalence. Spinal brucellosis has two forms: focal and diffuse. Epidural abscess is a rare complication of spinal brucellosis but can lead to permanent neurological deficits or even death if not treated promptly. Spondylodiscitis is the most severe form of osteoarticular involvement by brucellosis, and can have single-or multifocal involvement. Early and appropriate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is important in order to have a successful management of the patients with osteoarticular brucellosis. Brucellosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for sciatic and back pain, especially in endemic regions. Patients with septic arthritis living in endemic areas also need to be evaluated in terms of brucellosis. Physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging techniques are needed to diagnose the disease. Radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and bone scintigraphy are imaging techniques for the diagnosis of osteoarticular brucellosis. MRI is helpful to differentiate between pyogenic spondylitis and brucellar spondylitis. Drug medications(antibiotics)and surgery are the only two options for the treatment and cure of osteoarticular brucellosis.