Portugal's first major forensic case and the genesis of forensic toxicology:10 years of research to reconstruct the event

作     者：Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira 

作者机构：Department of SciencesIINFACTS–Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity Institute of Health Sciences(IUCS)CESPUCRLGandraPortugal UCIBIO-REQUIMTELaboratory of ToxicologyDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciencesand Medical EducationFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal 

出 版 物：《Forensic Sciences Research》 (法庭科学研究（英文）)

年 卷 期：2019年第4卷第1期

页      面：69-81页

核心收录：

学科分类：0402[教育学-心理学(可授教育学、理学学位）] 0710[理学-生物学] 0831[工学-生物医学工程（可授工学、理学、医学学位）] 0303[法学-社会学] 0502[文学-外国语言文学] 050201[文学-英语语言文学] 1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 05[文学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 0703[理学-化学] 0702[理学-物理学] 

基　　金：Ricardo Dinis-Oliveira acknowledges Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia(FCT)for his Investigator Grant[grant number IF/01147/2013] This work was supported by FEDER under Program PT2020[grant number 007265-UID/QUI/50006/2013] 

主　　题：Forensic sciences forensic toxicology Vicente Urbino de Freitas António Joaquim Ferreira da Silva Medical-Surgical School Mário Guilherme Augusto de Sampaio 

摘      要：TheCrime of Flores Streetis one of the most famous cases of poisoning to divide public opinion in Portugal in the late 19th century, and it also demonstrated the weaknesses of the Portuguese medicolegal system and attested to the importance of toxicological analysis. Vicente Urbino de Freitas was a prominent doctor, graduating from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra in 1875. He later became Professor of Physiology at the Porto Medical-Surgical School and author of a number of books on leprosy. In 1877, he married Maria das Dores Basto Sampaio Freitas, and this was followed by the death of a number of her close relatives in suspicious circumstances, notably her brother José António Sampaio Junior and nephew Mário Guilherme Augusto de Sampaio. This review aims to retell the story of Portugal s first significant medicolegal case as well as the accompanying judicial drama that gave birth to Forensic Toxicology in Portugal and prompted the medicolegal organization that exists today. This research was carried out over a 10-year period and repre-sents undeniable historical value given the rarity of the facts compiled. At the heart of this forensic case was the use of toxicological analyses in court for which the Chemist Antònio Joaquim Ferreira da Silva played a key role. This toxicological report revealed high concen-trations of morphine, delphinine and narceine in viscera and in Mario s urine. The Mario s cause of death was attributed to poisoning by opium alkaloids. Despite the strong judicial evidence, doubts still remains as to whether Vicente Urbino de Freitas was amonsteror a victim of circumstances and a hapless martyr.