Dietary arachidonate in milk replacer triggers dual benefits of PGE2 signaling in LPS-challenged piglet alveolar macrophages

作     者：Kathleen R.Walter Xi Lin Sheila K.Jacobi Tobias Kaser Debora Esposito Jack Odle 

作者机构：Department of Animal SciencePlants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Animal ScienceOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Department of Population Health and PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA. 

出 版 物：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 (畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第10卷第2期

页      面：435-448页

核心收录：

学科分类：090502[农学-动物营养与饲料科学] 0905[农学-畜牧学] 09[农学] 

基　　金：funded in part by the North Carolina State University Agricultural Foundation USDA-NIFA Animal Health Program 

主　　题：Arachidonic acid Cyclooxygenase Eicosanoid Eicosapentaenoic acid Inflammation Lipid mediator class switch LPS Lipoxin Porcine alveolar macrophage 

摘      要：Background: Respiratory infections challenge the swine industry, despite common medicinal practices. The dual signaling nature of PGE2(supporting both inflammation and resolution) makes it a potent regulator of immune cell function. Therefore, the use of dietary long chain n-6 PUFA to enhance PGE2 effects merits ***: Day-old pigs(n = 60) were allotted to one of three dietary groups for 21 d(n = 20/diet), and received either a control diet(CON, arachidonate = 0.5% of total fatty acids), an arachidonate(ARA)-enriched diet(LC n-6,ARA = 2.2%), or an eicosapentaenoic(EPA)-enriched diet(LC n-3, EPA = 3.0%). Alveolar macrophages and lung parenchymal tissue were collected for fatty acid analysis. Isolated alveolar macrophages were stimulated with LPS in situ for 24 h, and m RNA was isolated to assess markers associated with inflammation and eicosanoid *** media were collected to assess PGE2 secretion. Oxidative burst in macrophages was measured by: 1)oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification(via Seahorse), 2) cytoplasmic oxidation and 3) nitric oxide production following 4, 18, and 24 h of LPS ***: Concentration of ARA(% of fatty acids, w/w) in macrophages from pigs fed LC n-6 was 86% higher than CON and 18% lower in pigs fed LC n-3(P 0.01). Following LPS stimulation, abundance of COX-2 and TNF-α mRNA(P 0.0001), and PGE2 secretion(P 0. 01) were higher in LC n-6 PAM vs. CON. However, ALOX5 abundance was1.6-fold lower than CON. Macrophages from CON and LC n-6 groups were 4-fold higher in ALOX12/15 abundance(P 0.0001) compared to LC n-3. Oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates increased over 4 h following LPS stimulation(P 0.05) regardless of treatment. Similarly, increases in cytoplasmic oxidation(P 0.001)and nitric oxide production(P 0.002) were observed after 18 h of LPS stimulation but were unaffected by ***: We infer that enriching diets with arachidonic acid may be an ef