Potential for human immunodeficiency virus parenteral transmission in the Middle East and North Africa: An analysis using hepatitis C virus as a proxy biomarker

作     者：Yousra A Mohamoud F DeWolfe Miller Laith J Abu-Raddad 

作者机构：Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar Cornell University Qatar Foundation - Education City Doha 24144 Qatar Department of Tropical Medicine Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology John A Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu HI 96813 United States Department of Healthcare Policy and Re-search Weill Cornell Medical College Cornell University New York NY 11213 United States Vaccine and Infectious Disease DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA 98109United States 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 (世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2014年第20卷第36期

页      面：12734-12752页

核心收录：

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：Supported by NPRP grant from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation), No. NPRP 04-924-3-251 the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Biomathematics Research Core at the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar 

主　　题：Hepatitis C virus Human immunodeficiency virus Parenteral transmission Middle East and North Africa Proxy biomarker 

摘      要：The Middle East and North Africa(MENA) region has endured several major events of infection parenteral transmission. Recent work has established the utility of using hepatitis C virus(HCV) as a proxy biomarker for assessing the epidemic potential for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) parenteral transmission. In this review, we use data on the prevalence of HCV infection antibody(seroprevalence) among general population and high risk population groups to assess the potential for HIV parenteral transmission in MENA. Relatively low prevalence of HCV infection in the general population groups was reported in most MENA countries indicating that parenteral HIV transmission at endemic levels does not appear to be a cause for concern. Nonetheless, there could be opportunities for localized HIV outbreaks and transmission of other blood-borne infections in some settings such as healthcare facilities. Though there have been steady improvements in safety measures related to parenteral modes of transmission in the region, these improvements have not been uniform across all countries. More precautions, including infection control training programs, surveillance systems for nosocomial infections and wider coverage and evaluation of hepatitis B virus immunization programs need to be implemented to avoid the unnecessary spread of HIV, HCV, and other blood-borne pathogens along the parenteral modes of transmission.