Highly effective sorbents obtained by treating agrowaste products in cold plasma

作     者：Abdullin I. Sh Kudinov V. V 

作者机构：Kazan State Technological University Kazan 420015 Russia Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Russia Academy of Sciences Moscow 19991 Russia 

出 版 物：《广东有色金属学报》 (Journal of Guangdong Non-Ferrous Metals)

年 卷 期：2005年第15卷第2期

页      面：553-556页

学科分类：081702[工学-化学工艺] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 

主　　题：吸附剂 冷却液 吸附性能 空气净化 废水处理 

摘      要：Sorbents are widely used in purification of various liquids and gases, offering a universal means for wastewater and air cleaning. The most promising sorbents are those obtained from agrowaste products such as rice or buckwheat husk. Processing of husk in cold plasma modifies the composition, structure and surface properties of the raw material and raises its porosity, thus substantially improving the sorption properties of the final *** as a raw material for producing sorbents has the following advantageous properties: (1) appropriate chemical composition; (2) low cost; (3) high dispersity, due to which there is no need in any special treatment of the material prior to its exposing to plasma; (4) scaly structure and developed porous surface ensuring a high surface-to-volume ratio. The best properties are displayed by the sorbents obtained in cold plasma under reduced pressures of 53.2 Pa. The raw material traverses the region occupied by the plasma and, as it does so, it gets heated up to a temperature of 250 - 350 ℃. The whole process involves two stages: combustion of the raw material and modification of its properties under the action of the plasma. The combustion proceeds due to the oxygen contained in the starting material. During the combustion, the hydrogen contained in the starting material and some part of the carbon also burn out. The resultant scaly sorbent is accumulated in a cooler. The scales are black; they range in sizes from 1mm to 5 mm. The sorbents obtained are remarkable for their useful properties and outperform most of the traditional sorbents used in modern industry. The starting materials are inexpensive, and their resources are almost unlimited. The sorbents have rather a low production cost (1.8-2.5 $/kg). The sorbents can be used for cleaning hydrosphere from water pollutants on a large scale. The degree of cleaning water surface from oil products with sorbents was a subject of investigation. The highest degree of purification th