Single-Use Bag Valve Masks: Evaluation of Device Design and Residual Bioburden Analytical Methods
Single-Use Bag Valve Masks: Evaluation of Device Design and Residual Bioburden Analytical Methods作者机构：Department of Bioengineering Clemson University Clemson USA Department of Biological Sciences Clemson University Clemson USA
出 版 物：《Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering》 (生物医学工程（英文）)
年 卷 期：2018年第11卷第9期
页 面：235-246页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
主 题：Reprocessing Low-Resource Bag Valve Mask Single-Use Device Low-and Middle-Income Countries Newborn Resuscitation
摘 要：Background: A recent survey of in-hospital reprocessing in Tanzanian hospitals identified bag-valve masks (BVM) as a commonly reused single-use device. In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), in-hospital reprocessing supports neonatal resuscitation strategies by helping to maintain adequate supplies of BVM. However, there is a need for device-specific protocols defining reprocessing procedures and inspection criteria to overcome variations in reprocessing practices between hospitals. The purposes of this study were: 1) to complete a comprehensive design review and identify challenges to reprocessing BVMs;and 2) to investigate three different residual bioburden analysis methods for assessing the efficacy of decontaminating a disposable BVM. Methods: New, unused bag-valve-masks were contaminated with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Artificial Mucus Soil to simulate the worst case soiling conditions. Devices underwent one of five disinfection protocols, including one currently used in a LMIC hospital. Three analytical (two quantitative and one qualitative) methods were selected to evaluate residual bioburden on the device following decontamination. Results: Of all protocols tested, only the positive control and the Soap and Bleach protocols met disinfection targets. Most cleaning outcomes were consistent from trial to trial for each protocol. However, cleaning outcomes varied greatly for the Alcohol Wipe protocol. For the residual bioburden analyses, the two quantitative methods produced similar results, but the qualitative measurement exhibited increased variability. Conclusion: While this study revealed positive disinfection outcomes for the Tanzanian hospital decontamination protocol, more studies are required to support these findings. Design features of the BVM mask presented challenges to cleaning and drying during different decontamination protocols, as seen in the variability in the Alcohol Wipe protocol performance. These findings support the case for a dev
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