简论拉美新自由主义的演变

作     者：韩琦 

作者机构：天津南开大学拉丁美洲研究中心 教授 

出 版 物：《拉丁美洲研究》 (Journal of Latin American Studies)

年 卷 期：2004年第2期

页      面：11-17+63页

核心收录：

学科分类：02[经济学] 0201[经济学-理论经济学] 020105[经济学-世界经济] 

主　　题：新自由主义 拉美国家 政治 凯恩斯主义 债务危机 拉丁美洲国家 经济学派 结构主义理论 

摘      要：Neoliberalism entered Latin America as an alternative to structuralism and dependency theory. Externally, IMF, the World Bank and the west gave strong support for Latin American countries to undertake neoliberal reforms. From the Latin American perspective, the economic hardships in the 1980s made it highly necessary to adopt the neoliberal programs. At the same time, there was the strong social foundation supporting the implementation of the reforms. The results of the neoliberal reforms can be summarized as: 1) macroeconomic situation has been stabilized; 2) regional integration is developing swiftly; 3) development model is changing for the benefits of the non-traditional exports. However, in pursuit of neoliberal experimentation, Latin American countries have met with several shortcomings. For instance, unemployment rate is high and the informal sector is growing. Income gap is becoming wider and wider so that poverty issue is very serious in the region. Finally, the economy is still weak and unable to resist external shocks.