Pediatric ocular rosacea, a misdiagnosed disease with high morbidity:Proposed diagnostic criteria

作     者：Cláudia Arriaga Mariana Domingues Guilherme Castela Manuel Salgado 

作者机构：Pediatric Rheumatology UnitHospital Pediátrico de CoimbraCentro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra Pediatric Ophthalmology UnitHospital Pediátrico de CoimbraCentro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Dermatology》 (世界皮肤病学杂志)

年 卷 期：2016年第5卷第2期

页      面：109-114页

学科分类：10[医学] 

主　　题：Ocular rosacea Diagnostic criteria Demodex folliculorum Leukoma Pediatric Blepharoconjunctivitis Chalazia 

摘      要：Ocular rosacea is an important and underdiagnosed chronic inflammatory disorder observed in children. A clinical spectrum ranging from chronic eyelid inflammation, recurrent ocular redness, photophobia and/or hordeola/chalazions and conjunctival/corneal phlyctenules evolving to neovascularization and scarring may occur. Visual impairment and consequent amblyopia are frequent and corneal perforation although rare is the most feared complication. Ocular manifestations usually precede cutaneous lesions. Although few cases of pediatric ocular rosacea(POR) have been reported in the literature, many cases must have been underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The delay in diagnosis is greater than one year in the large majority of cases and may lead to serious ocular sequelae. This review aims to highlight the clinical features of POR, its epidemiology, easy diagnosis and effective treatment. We also propose new diagnostic criteria, in which at least three of the five clinical criteria must be present:(1) Chronic or recurrent keratoconjunctivitis and/or red eye and/or photophobia;(2) Chronic or recurrent blepharitis and/or chalazia/hordeola;(3) Eyelid telangiectasia documented by an ophthalmologist;(4) Primary periorificial dermatitis and/or primary features of rosacea; and (5) Positive familial history of cutaneous and/or ocular rosacea.