Degassing of primordial hydrogen and helium as the major energy source for internal terrestrial processes

作     者：Arie Lev Gilat Alexander Vol 

作者机构：Geological Survey of Israel(Ret.)6/2 Shoshan Tsahor St..Modi'in 71705.Israel Oshadi Drug Administration LtdP.O.Box 2042.Rehovot 76120Israel 

出 版 物：《Geoscience Frontiers》 (地学前缘（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2012年第3卷第6期

页      面：911-921页

学科分类：070801[理学-固体地球物理学] 07[理学] 0708[理学-地球物理学] 

主　　题：Earthquakes Volcanism Energy-source Hydrogen Helium Degassing 

摘      要：Examples of the mightiest energy releases by great earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and hypotheses providing explanations for them are analyzed along with the results of some recently pub- lished researches and visualizations. The emerging conclusions are that the mechanism of the strong earthquake is a chemical explosion; that volcanic eruption is a special type of earthquake wherein the hypocenter rises to the earth-surface; and that there is an association between the seismic-volcanic processes and mantle ＂fluids＂ and the lack of energy for mantle plumes. A conceptual system of hypoth- eses is put forward to explain the conservation of energy during Earth＇s accretion, its quasi-stable release by primordial H- and He-degassing and of the crucial role of the energy of degassing-eomprising- reactions in endogenic processes. Specific mechanisms and chemical processes are proposed for the gas-liquid mantle plumes melting through the solid mantle using heat-energy released in reactions of their metamorphic and chemical transformation under gradual decrease of pressure and temperature; volcanic gases are put forward as energy carriers. 3He performance as a unique measuring transformer correlative to the internal heat flow was used for calculation of energy release by degassing; it equals to 5.12 × 1020 J/yr, an amount of energy five-fold greater than the entire energy loss involved in earthquake and volcanic activity. The hypotheses proposed are objectively testable.