Genetic and Epigenetic Diversities Shed Light on Domestication of Cultivated Ginseng （Panax ginseng）
Genetic and Epigenetic Diversities Shed Light on Domestication of Cultivated Ginseng （Panax ginseng）作者机构：Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University #5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of Education Changchun 130024 China
出 版 物：《Molecular Plant》 (分子植物（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2015年第8卷第11期
页 面：1612-1622页
核心收录：
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 071007[理学-遗传学] 0901[农学-作物学] 0902[农学-园艺学] 090102[农学-作物遗传育种] 090201[农学-果树学]
基 金：This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470010 to L.F.L.) and the Program for Introducing Talents to Universities (B07017 to B.L.).We thank James Schnable and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions which have greatly improved the manuscript We also thank Richard Abbott for his pre-reviewing of the manuscript Joao Sollari Lopes for his help with the popABC analyses Mingzhou Sun Yuezhi Pan Zhenhui Wang and Peng Peng for their assistance with material collection and data analyses. No conflict of interest declared
主 题：Panax ginseng domestication traditional Chinese medicine cytosine methylation genetic and epigenetic diversity
摘 要：Chinese ginseng （Panaxginseng） is a medically important herb within Panax and has crucial cultural values in East Asia. As the symbol of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese ginseng has been used as a herbal remedy to restore stamina and capacity in East Asia for thousands of years. To address the evolutionary origin and domestication history of cultivated ginseng, we employed multiple molecular approaches to investigate the genetic structures of cultivated and wild ginseng across their distribution ranges in northeastern Asia. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses revealed that the four cultivated ginseng landraces, COMMON, BIANTIAO, SHIZHU, and GAOLI （also known as Korean ginseng）, were not domesticated independently and Fusong Town is likely one of the primary domestication centers. In addition, our results from population genetic and epigenetic analyses demonstrated that cultivated ginseng maintained high levels of genetic and epigenetic diversity, but showed distinct cytosine methylation patterns compared with wild ginseng. The patterns of genetic and epigenetic variation revealed by this study have shed light on the domestication history of cultivated ginseng, which may serve as a framework for future genetic improvements.
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